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Min Zhang Kimiko Yamashita Kiyoshi Kadowaki Shigehiro Hirano 《International journal of biological macromolecules》1996,18(4):307-309
Novel seven N-fatty acyl derivatives (degree of substitution 0.78–0.96) of a microbial galactosaminan were prepared in 59–79% yields by its reaction with fatty acid anhydrides in aqueous acetic acid-methanol. N-Acetyl and N-propionyl derivatives were soluble in water, aqueous 2% sodium hydroxide, and aqueous 2% acetic acid, but N-higher fatty acyl (>C6) derivatives were insoluble. Gel was not formed in these react ions 相似文献
294.
Kengo Hamamura Naoya Matsunaga Eriko Ikeda Hideaki Kondo Hisako Ikeyama Kazutaka Tokushige Kazufumi Itcho Yoko Furuichi Yuya Yoshida Masaki Matsuda Kaori Yasuda Atsushi Doi Yoshifumi Yokota Toshiaki Amamoto Hironori Aramaki Yasuhiro Irino Satoru Koyanagi Shigehiro Ohdo 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2016,291(10):4913-4927
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increase in serum retinol; however, the underlying mechanisms of this disorder are poorly characterized. Here, we found that the alteration of hepatic metabolism induced the accumulation of serum retinol in 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) mice. The liver is the major organ responsible for retinol metabolism; accordingly, microarray analysis revealed that the hepatic expression of most CYP genes was changed in 5/6Nx mice. In addition, D-box-binding protein (DBP), which controls the expression of several CYP genes, was significantly decreased in these mice. Cyp3a11 and Cyp26a1, encoding key proteins in retinol metabolism, showed the greatest decrease in expression in 5/6Nx mice, a process mediated by the decreased expression of DBP. Furthermore, an increase of plasma transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in 5/6Nx mice led to the decreased expression of the Dbp gene. Consistent with these findings, the alterations of retinol metabolism and renal dysfunction in 5/6Nx mice were ameliorated by administration of an anti-TGF-β1 antibody. We also show that the accumulation of serum retinol induced renal apoptosis in 5/6Nx mice fed a normal diet, whereas renal dysfunction was reduced in mice fed a retinol-free diet. These findings indicate that constitutive Dbp expression plays an important role in mediating hepatic dysfunction under CKD. Thus, the aggravation of renal dysfunction in patients with CKD might be prevented by a recovery of hepatic function, potentially through therapies targeting DBP and retinol. 相似文献
295.
Tetsuya Takasaki Shigehiro Namiki Ryohei Kanzaki 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2012,198(4):295-307
Odor source localization is an important animal behavior. Male moths locate mates by tracking sex pheromone emitted by conspecific
females. During this type of behavior, males exhibit a combination of upwind surge and zigzagging flight. Similarly, the male
walking moth Bombyx mori responds to transient pheromone exposure with a surge in movement, followed by sustained zigzagging walking. The initial
surge direction is known to be influenced by the pheromone input pattern. Here, we identified the sensory input patterns that
determine the initial walking direction of males. We first quantified the stimulus by measuring electroantennogram values,
which were used as a reference for subsequent tests. We used a brief stimulus pulse to examine the relationship between sensory
stimulus patterns and the turning direction of initial surge. We found that the difference in input timing and intensity between
left and right antennae affected the walking direction, indicating that B. mori integrate bilateral pheromone information during orientation behavior. When we tested pheromone stimulation for longer periods,
turning behavior was suppressed, which was induced by stimulus cessation. This study contributes toward understanding efficient
strategies for odor-source localization that is utilized by walking insects. 相似文献
296.
Although zinc deficiency evokes the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress response, the activating mechanism remains obscure. Here we show that in yeast cells, the ER-stress sensor Ire1 was activated upon zinc deficiency. ER-stressing stimuli activating Ire1 are known to include ER accumulation of unfolded proteins and membrane-lipid aberrancy. According to the findings presented here, zinc deficiency causes both types of abnormality. 相似文献
297.
Ikuko Kitaba Mao Harada Masayuki Hyodo Shigehiro Katoh Hiroshi Sato Mariko Matsushita 《Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology》2011,299(1-2):227-239
We report climate and sea-level variation for the marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 21, encompassing the end of the Mid-Pleistocene climate transition (MPT), based on pollen, diatom, and sulfur records from a 50-m thick sequence in a core from Osaka Bay. An extremely warm climate coincided with the sea level highstand of substage 21.5, when the warm-temperate element Quercus (Cyclobalanopsis) exceeds 40% of total arboreal pollen. This was followed by a warm-temperate to temperate and humid climate that continued until the end of MIS 21. A linear age model shows that climate was dominated by precessional cyclicity, with an inverse correlation between temperature and precipitation. The postglacial sea-level rise reached its highest peak in substage 21.5, when paleo-Osaka Bay reached its maximum extent including Kyoto and Nara Basins. At this time pelagic diatoms were dominant in the central part of the bay. Sea level dropped below the Osaka Bay sill (about ? 60 m at present) during substage 21.4, followed by a rise above the sill in substage 21.3, and a drop at 21.2. Sea level remained below the sill during substage 21.1. The thermal maximum and sea level peak occurred just after the rapid postglacial sea level rise, after which there was a gradual decline in temperature and sea level accompanied by precession-related oscillations; these features are typical of the post-MPT interglacials dominated by 100-ka cyclicity. These features may be a sign of termination of the MPT. 相似文献
298.