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51.
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Guan F Niu AO Attwood SW Li YL Zhang B Zhu YH 《Molecular phylogenetics and evolution》2008,48(2):702-707
Triculine (Gastropoda: Rissooidea: Pomatiopsidae) snails are involved in the transmission of schistosomiasis and paragonimiasis; their distributions are mainly across southeastern Asia and southern China. In the present investigation, partial sequences of COI, 16S, and 28S were examined to infer the phylogenetic relationships among the species rich and poorly understood gastropod. Samples were collected from 12 geographic locations in six provinces of southern China. Several methods such as maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and distance analysis were used in phylogenetic analyses among these taxa. The resultant phylogenetic trees showed a similar topology irrespective of the phylogenetic methods used. The taxa fell into two clades, with those from Fujian, Guangxi, and Zhejiang Provinces in one clade and those from Hunan, Sichuan and Hubei in the other. Among the taxa in Hubei Province, five formed a monophyletic clade, but Tricula sp. H-SHY fell into a sister clade of Tricula hortensis of Sichuan, whilst Tricula hongshanensis formed a single clade. Sister taxa Tricula pingi and Tricula hsiangi formed well-supported clade within almost all the trees. These results, while preliminary, represent the first attempt to reconstruct a phylogeny for Triculinae across China. 相似文献
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Proteins destined for degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system are labelled with a 76-amino acid peptide, ubiquitin, through a series of conjugation steps by the E1, E2 and E3 enzymes respectively. Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase 37 (UCH37) belongs to the UCH proteases family that deubiquitinates ubiquitin-protein conjugates in the ubiquitin-proteasome system. However, it is few reports about the relationship between UCH37 and apoptosis. In order to clarify the role of UCH37 on apoptosis, the A549 cells were chosen for this study. We transfected UCH37 siRNA and pcDNA3.1-UCH37 plasmid into A549 cells, respectively. Using MTT assay, Western blot, Hoechst 33342 staining assay and flow cytometry, we found that silencing of UCH37 in A549 cells induced apoptosis. The ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 was higher in silencing of UCH37 than that in control group after silencing of UCH37 in A549 cells. Meanwhile, experiments with the A549 cell line disclose that silencing of UCH37 could induce efficiently A549 cell apoptosis through activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. On the other hand, over-expression of UCH37 led to the opposite effect. Hence, UCH37 might play an important role in apoptotic through altering Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and enzymatic activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3. 相似文献
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Xia Li Xiaomu Niu Ray A. Bressan Stephen C. Weller Paul M. Hasegawa 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1999,35(4):333-338
Summary Protocols and media constituents for efficient in vitro plant regeneration of Native Spearmint (Mentha spicata L. cultivar ‘Native Spearmint’) have been defined. Adventitious shoots were initiated either directly from morphogenetically
competent cells of explants or primary callus. Leaf explants from at least 2-mo.-old in vitro-maintained shoots exhibited
the greatest morphogenetic capacity. Explants derived from basal portions of leaves at the bottom of the shoot were most responsive,
with up to a 100% regeneration frequency and greater than nine shoots per explant. Highest frequency of meristemoids and morphogenetic
callus were initiated from explants cultured onto a basal medium containing Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts, supplemented with
4 mg thidiazuron (TDZ) per L and 25% (vol/vol) coconut water (CW) for 10 to 14 d in darkness. Bud and shoot development required
removal of both TDZ and CW from the medium. Shoot propagules were transferred to basal medium supplemented with 0.01 mg α-naphthaleneacetic
acid (NAA) per L and grown under low light for about 2 wk to facilitate shoot elongation. Individual shoots about 1 cm tall
were dissected and retransferred onto the same medium. Root initiation began within 4 to 6 d and a functional root system
developed within 2 to 3 wk. These plantlets were transferred to soil and acclimated successfully for growth and development
in a greenhouse. This is the first report of an efficient regeneration system for Native Spearmint based on adventitious organogenesis. 相似文献
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Xiao-hong Cao Si-si Zhao Dong-yue Liu Zhuo Wang Li-li Niu Li-hua Hou Chun-ling Wang 《Chemico-biological interactions》2011,(1):16
The surfactin can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Moreover, surfactin can induce cell death in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells through mitochondrial pathway. However, the molecular mechanism involved in this pathway remains to be elucidated. Here, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ on mitochondria permeability transition pore (MPTP) activity, and MCF-7 cell apoptosis which induced by surfactin were investigated. It is found that surfactin evoked mitochondrial ROS generation, and the surfactin-induced cell death was prevented by N-acetylcysteine (NAC, an inhibitor of ROS). An increasing cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration was detected in surfactin-induced MCF-7 apoptosis, which was inhibited by 1,2-bis (2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA-AM, a chelator of calcium). In addition, the relationship between ROS generation and the increase of cytoplasm Ca2+ was determined. The results showed that surfactin initially induced the ROS formation, leading to the MPTP opening accompanied with the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Then the cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration increased in virtue of the changes of mitochondrial permeability, which was prevented by BAPTA-AM. Besides, cytochrome c (cyt c) was released from mitochondria to cytoplasm through the MPTP and activated caspase-9, eventually induced apoptosis. In summary, surfactin has notable anti-tumor effect on MCF-7 cells, however, there was no obvious cytotoxicity on normal cells. 相似文献
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Yang R Sikka G Larson J Watts VL Niu X Ellis CL Miller KL Camara A Reinke C Savransky V Polotsky VY O'Donnell CP Berkowitz DE Barouch LA 《American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology》2011,300(4):H1467-H1476
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) during sleep can result from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a disorder that is particularly prevalent in obesity. OSA is associated with high levels of circulating leptin, cardiovascular dysfunction, and dyslipidemia. Relationships between leptin and cardiovascular function in OSA and chronic IH are poorly understood. We exposed lean wild-type (WT) and obese leptin-deficient ob/ob mice to IH for 4 wk, with and without leptin infusion, and measured cardiovascular indices including aortic vascular stiffness, endothelial function, cardiac myocyte morphology, and contractile properties. At baseline, ob/ob mice had decreased vascular compliance and endothelial function vs. WT mice. We found that 4 wk of IH decreased vascular compliance and endothelial relaxation responses to acetylcholine in both WT and leptin-deficient ob/ob animals. Recombinant leptin infusion in both strains restored IH-induced vascular abnormalities toward normoxic WT levels. Cardiac myocyte morphology and function were unaltered by IH. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly decreased by leptin treatment in IH mice, as was hepatic stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1 expression. Taken together, these data suggest that restoring normal leptin signaling can reduce vascular stiffness, increase endothelial relaxation, and correct dyslipidemia associated with IH. 相似文献
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大鼠肺内NOS之分布及缺氧对其活性的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文以组织化学方法对大鼠肺内一氧化氮合酶(NOS)进行定位研究,并观察了不同时间(8小时~28天)缺氧时肺内NOS活性的变化。结果显示:①正常大鼠各级支气管、肺泡管和肺泡囊上皮细胞呈NOS强阳性反应;肺血管内膜呈NOS阳性反应。②缺氧8小时,肺血管内膜NOS阳性反应开始降低,并缺氧时间越长,NOS阳性反应越低、③缺氧14天时,肺泡间质和肺血管周围炎性细胞呈NOS阳性反应;缺氧28天时,炎性细胞NOS阳性反应增强。④缺氧对支气管、肺泡管和肺泡囊上皮细胞NOS的活性无明显影响。从而提示一氧化氮不仅对肺具有一定的生理学作用,而且可能参与缺氧时肺的某些病理学过程。 相似文献