陕西省退耕还林工程生态效益评估

基于截止2013年底陕西省退耕还林工程的资源数据,依据林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》和《退耕还林工程生态效益监测评估技术标准与管理规范》,采用分布式测算方法从涵养水源、保育土壤、林木营养物质积累、固碳释氧、保护生物多样性、净化大气环境及森林防护等7个方面对陕西省退耕还林工程的生态效益进行评估,得出陕西省退耕还林工程生态效益价值量为973.47亿元/a,以涵养水源(274.06亿元/a)、净化大气环境(203.96亿元/a)和固碳释氧(173.95亿元/a)价值为主;3种植被恢复类型中以宜林荒山荒地造林模式的生态价值最高,封山育林模式的价值最低;在3个林种类型中,生态林的生态效益价值大于经济林和灌木林;在不同区域的生态效益价值评估中,以延安市的生态效益价值量为最高。     

中国陆地植被净初级生产力估算模型优化与分析——基于中国生态系统研究网络数据

该研究基于中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)数据对传统CASA模型进行优化,对比两叶模型与优化CASA模型在站点尺度和像元尺度对于8个典型生态站点的植被净初级生产力(NPP)估算精度,选择在像元尺度表现更好的优化CASA模型,结合中国土地覆被数据(ChinaCover)开展2000—2019年中国陆地植被NPP监测与分析。研究结果表明：(1)基于FY2D PAR的优化方案能够有效避免空间插值导致的不确定性问题,显著提高了PAR估算精度;(2)在站点尺度上,两叶模型用于估算典型森林、草地生态系统的NPP表现更好,而在像元尺度上优化CASA模型估算精度更高;(3)在全国尺度上,优化了最大光能利用率、水分胁迫系数以及光合有效辐射计算方法的CASA模型能够较好地模拟中国陆地植被NPP,近20年中国陆地植被NPP变化范围为2.703—2.882 PgC/a,在空间上呈西北低东南高的格局,在时间上呈现波动中缓慢增加的趋势。     

Oncogenic Features of PHF8 Histone Demethylase in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Esophageal cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. It has been reported that histone demethylases are involved in the carcinogenesis of certain types of tumors. Here, we studied the role of one of the histone lysine demethylases, plant homeodomain finger protein 8 (PHF8), in the carcinogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Using short hairpin RNA via lentiviral infection, we established stable ESCC cell lines with constitutive downregulation of PHF8 expression. Knockdown of PHF8 in ESCC cells resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and an increase of apoptosis. Moreover, there were reductions of both anchorage-dependent and -independent colony formation. In vitro migration and invasion assays showed that knockdown of PHF8 led to a reduction in the number of migratory and invasive cells. Furthermore, downregulation of PHF8 attenuated the tumorigenicity of ESCC cells in vivo. Taken together, our study revealed the oncogenic features of PHF8 in ESCC, suggesting that PHF8 may be a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for ESCC.     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1-O- and 14-O-derivatives of oridonin as potential anticancer drug candidates

Novel 1-O- and 14-O-derivatives of oridonin were synthesized and biologically evaluated. All of the derivatives exhibited stronger cytotoxicity against six cancer cell lines (BGC-7901, SW-480, HL-60, BEL-7402, A549, and B16) than oridonin in vitro, and some of them were more potent than oridonin and cyclophosphamide in vivo. Compounds Ib and IIg were the most potent with the IC(50) values of 0.84 microM for Ib in HL-60 cell and 1.00 microM for IIg in BEL-7402 cell.     

Design,synthesis, and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-triazole bearing 5-substituted biphenyl-2-sulfonamide derivatives as potential antihypertensive candidates

A series of novel 1,2,4-triazole bearing 5-substituted biphenyl-2-sulfonamide derivatives were designed and synthesized to develop new angiotensin II subtype 2 (AT₂) receptor agonists as novel antihypertensive candidates. It was found that 14f (IC₅₀ = 0.4 nM) and 15e (IC₅₀ = 5.0 nM) displayed potent AT₂ receptor affinity and selectivity in binding assays. Biological evaluation in vivo suggested that 14f is obviously superior to that of reference drug losartan in RHRs, and meanwhile, 14f has no significant impact on heart rate. The interesting activities of these compounds may make them promising candidates as antihypertensive agents.     

猪传染性胃肠炎病毒基因工程疫苗研究进展

猪传染性胃肠炎是由猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)引起猪的一种高度接触性肠道疾病,可导致仔猪发生严重的呕吐、腹泻与脱水,死亡率可达100%。口服疫苗是TGEV基因工程疫苗研究的主要方向,目前已在腺病毒、细菌、转基因植物及DNA疫苗中对TGEV的S基因进行了表达,并对其口服免疫后的免疫原性进行研究。现针对TGEV基因工程疫苗近年来研究的概况进行综述,分析其优点与不足,并对其未来的发展进行展望。     

Comprehensive proteomic analysis of host cell lipid rafts modified by HBV infection

Lipid rafts are cholesterol- and sphingolipid-rich membrane microdomains that have been shown to participate in the entry, assembly and budding of various viruses. However, their involvement in HBV replication remains poorly characterized. In a preliminary study, we observed that HBV release could be markedly impaired by methyl-β-cyclodextrin mediated depletion of cholesterol in lipid rafts, and that this effect could be reversed by replenishment of exogenous cholesterol, suggesting that lipid rafts play an important role in the HBV life cycle. To further understanding how HBV exploited host cell lipid rafts to benefit replication, comprehensive proteomic approaches were used to profile the proteome changes of host cell lipid rafts in response to HBV infection using 2DE-MS/MS, in combination with SILAC-based quantitative proteomics. Using these approaches, a total of 97 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that multiple host cell pathways were involved in the HBV infection processes including signal transduction, metabolism, immune response, transport, vesicle trafficking, cell adhesion and cellular ion homeostasis. These data will provide valuable clues for further investigation of HBV pathogenesis.     

一株林可霉素降解菌的筛选鉴定及其降解机制

【背景】抗生素污染越来越引起人们的关注。利用微生物处理抗生素污染被认为是一种环境友好型的方法。【目的】筛选林可霉素高效降解菌并研究其降解机制。【方法】经形态学观察、生理生化鉴定和16S rRNA基因测序分析进行鉴定;通过PCR技术和质谱分析技术对该菌抗性基因和降解产物等进行分析。【结果】从林可霉素菌渣堆肥样本中获得一株高效降解林可霉素的假单胞菌(Pseudomonas RST-1),该菌在林可霉素浓度为3.0 g/L的牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基上培养40 h后,林可霉素降解率高达57.3%。该菌含有intI1、sul1、sul2等抗性基因,降解产物为去甲基林可霉素和2-丙基-N-甲基脯氨酸。【结论】菌株RST-1具有高效降解林可霉素的能力,推测可能的降解机制为去甲基化和酰胺键水解作用,该菌株降解特性及降解机制研究为林可霉素降解工程菌及其高效降解菌剂的研制奠定了基础。