虎耳草不同光温条件下光合特性及有效成分含量的相关性分析

对盆栽的虎耳草进行不同光照和温度处理,测定其叶片光合特性及重要有效成分,分析虎耳草有效成分与光合速率的相关性。结果表明：虎耳草光合速率在透光率50%的条件下最高,透光率100%下最低;100%光照下的岩白菜素和没食子酸的含量最高。光合速率在20℃/16℃（12 h昼/12 h夜）适温下最高,此时岩白菜素和没食子酸的含量也最高。相关性分析表明,温度处理条件下的岩白菜素和没食子酸含量与光合速率、气孔张开面积等呈正相关,其中没食子酸含量与光合速率及蒸腾速率的正相关达极显著;不同光照条件下,没食子酸含量与光合有效辐射呈显著正相关。     

U46619双向调节系膜细胞DNA合成的研究

Mene用血清或佛波醇肉豆寇乙酸(PMA)预失活化系膜细胞的PKC,可抑制U46619所致的IP合成及细胞内Ca~(2 )的升高,提示PKC预先活化后,可对再次活化PLC-PKC的物质起负反馈抑制作用。血清中含有血液凝固时血小板释放的血小板源性生长因子(PDGF),可活化PLC及PKC,可能对U46619的作用起负反馈抑制,使U46619促增殖作用丧失。第三,TXA_2可能直接或间接刺激前列腺素(PG)E_2或PGI_2的合成,而后两者有抑制细胞增殖的作用。不论何种机制参与,U46619这种抑制作用在病理上可能有积极意义:在正常状态下,体内肾小球系膜细胞为静息状态,肾小球合成的PG及TX极少,当肾小球产生炎症时,肾小球白细胞及血小板浸润增多,合成的PG、TX及PDGF增多,这时TX的升高可能有抑制PDGF所致细胞增殖的作用。 摘要 本实验用[~3H]TdR掺入法测定TXA_2类似物U46619对大鼠系膜细胞DNA合成的调节作用,测定系膜细胞合成的DAG及1,4,5-IP_3量,用PKC抑制剂Calphostin C预处理系膜细胞,观察其对U46619促增殖作用的影响。结果表明,U46619促进生长停滞的系膜细胞的DNA合成及IP_3的生成。本文首次证实U46619也促进DAG的生成并发现PKC抑制剂可抑制U46619的促增殖作用,提示U46619使生长停滞的系膜细胞的PLC活化,促进IP及DAG生成,进而激活PKC,促进系膜细胞DNA合成     

不同抗生素对金发草愈伤组织生长分化的影响

该研究以金发草愈伤组织为材料,通过分析比较不同抗生素种类(卡那霉素、潮霉素、头孢噻呋钠和氨苄青霉素)和浓度对金发草愈伤组织生长分化的影响,来确定适用于金发草遗传转化体系中的抗性筛选剂和抑菌剂。结果表明：(1)金发草愈伤组织对卡那霉素很敏感,且其分化率随着卡那霉素浓度的增加显著减少( P＝0.01)。当卡那霉素浓度为10 mg·L-1时,金发草愈伤组织的生长分化受到明显抑制,且有大量的白化苗形成,但分化率仍有36.56％;当卡那霉素浓度为15 mg·L-1时,金发草愈伤组织的分化率为11.94％,只有很少部分的愈伤分化出绿色的丛生苗;当卡那霉素浓度为20 mg·L-1时,金发草愈伤组织基本褐化死亡,分化率仅为2.26％。因此,浓度为15 mg·L-1的卡那霉素适合作为金发草遗传转化体系中的抗性筛选剂。(2)金发草愈伤组织对潮霉素的敏感性要比卡那霉素弱,且潮霉素对金发草愈伤组织分化率的影响小,但毒害作用大。因此,潮霉素不适合作为金发草遗传转化体系中的抗性筛选剂。(3)300 mg·L-1的头孢霉素和氨苄青霉素对金发草愈伤组织生长分化影响很小且能有效抑制杂菌的生长,较高浓度的氨苄青霉素对金发草愈伤组织的抑制作用不太明显。因此,300 mg·L-1的头孢霉素和较高浓度的氨苄青霉素均可作为金发草遗传转化体系中的抑菌剂。该研究确定了适用于农杆菌介导的金发草遗传转化体系中的抗性筛选剂和抑菌剂,为金发草的遗传改良及功能性基因的研究奠定了基础。     

High glucose represses the proliferation of tendon fibroblasts by inhibiting autophagy activation in tendon injury

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a kind of common and disabling complication of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Emerging studies have demonstrated that tendon fibroblasts play a crucial role in remodeling phase of wound healing. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying high glucose (HG)-induced decrease in tendon fibroblasts viability. In the present study, the rat models of DFU were established, and collagen deposition, autophagy activation and cell apoptosis in tendon tissues were assessed using Hematoxylin–Eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Tendon fibroblasts were isolated from Achilles tendon of the both limbs, and the effect of HG on autophagy activation in tendon fibroblasts was assessed using Western blot analysis, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and flow cytometry. We found that cell apoptosis was increased significantly and autophagy activation was decreased in foot tendon tissues of DFU rats compared with normal tissues. The role of HG in regulating tendon fibroblasts viability was then investigated in vitro, and data showed that HG repressed cell viability and increased cell apoptosis. Furthermore, HG treatment reduced LC3-II expression and increased p62 expression, indicating that HG repressed autophagy activation of tendon fibroblasts. The autophagy activator rapamycin reversed the effect. More importantly, rapamycin alleviated the suppressive role of HG in tendon fibroblasts viability. Taken together, our data demonstrate that HG represses tendon fibroblasts proliferation by inhibiting autophagy activation in tendon injury.     

黄心夜合不同季节鲜叶挥发性成分研究

利用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术,对黄心夜合（Michelia martinii Levl.）春、夏、秋、冬4季不同鲜叶挥发油成分及其含量进行了分析研究。结果显示,去掉峰值0.49以下的色谱峰从4个季节黄心夜合鲜叶样品中共鉴定出65种挥发油成分,其中,春、夏、秋、冬4个季节鲜叶分别检测出26种、29种、31种和32种成分,4个季节鲜叶样品共有成分为三环烯、α-蒎烯、莰烯、香桧烯、β-蒎烯等14种。黄心夜合4个季节鲜叶及干燥花蕾中的共有挥发性成分有α-蒎烯、莰烯、β-蒎烯、芳樟醇4种。黄心夜合鲜叶挥发油成分中的α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、β-月桂烯、β-芳樟醇、芳樟醇、月桂烯含量高,且春季鲜叶挥发油得率最高,最适合挥发油提取。鲜叶具有保健功能,适于四季园林养生配置。本研究黄心夜合4个季节鲜叶挥发油成分差异及季节性变化,可为黄心夜合挥发油提取的季节选择及养生保健群落的营建提供科学依据和指导。     

Enhanced frequency of Beauveria bassiana blastospore transformation by restriction enzyme-mediated integration and electroporation

The techniques of restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) and electroporation (EP) were applied for the first time to improving the blastospore transformation of fungal biocontrol agent Beauveria bassiana for higher frequency. The blastospores from < or =24 h incubation in glucose-mineral medium after shaking conidia for 48 h in Subouraud dextrose broth were found most competent for integrating 1 microg plasmid DNA vectoring the phosphinothricin (PPT) resistance gene bar in 360 microL reaction system containing 100 U HindIII or XbaI. Such blastospores were also most suitable for EP transformation at the optimized field strength of 10 kV cm(-1). The optimized REMI and EP generated averagely 39 and 53 transformants microg(-1) plasmid DNA whereas polyethylene glycol (PEG) integration yielded only 22. All transformants grew well on Czapek's agar containing 400 microg PPT mL(-1) after three rounds of cultivation on the same agar excluding PPT but their parental strain showed no resistance. The target gene inserted into the genomes of 10 transformants randomly taken from REMI or EP transformation was consistently detected by both PCR and Southern blotting. Compared to the PEG integration, REMI and EP enhanced the frequency of the blastospore transformation by 73 and 137%, respectively.     

去甲斑蝥素与单克隆抗体偶联物治疗肝癌实验研究

用大鼠单克隆抗体３Ａ５与去甲斑蝥素（ＮＣＴＤ）制备偶联物,ＥＬＩＳＡ检测结果表明：３Ａ５－ＮＣＴＤ偶联物保持对人肝癌ＢＥＬ－７４０２细胞和小鼠肝癌Ｈ２２细胞的免疫反应性。克隆生成法测定结果显示：３Ａ５－ＮＣＴＤ具有比ＮＣＴＤ更强的细胞毒性。小鼠腹腔内移植肿瘤,ｉｐ给药,３Ａ５－ＮＣＴＤ和ＮＣＴＤ的ＩＬＳ值分别为１１１％和３７％。结果说明在腹腔肿瘤的治疗方面３Ａ５－ＮＣＴＤ具有比游离ＮＣＴＤ更强的治     

Xylodon subflaviporus sp. nov. (Hymenochaetales,Basidiomycota) from East Asia

Xylodon subflaviporus (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) is described as a new species collected from tropical and subtropical regions of East Asia. This new species is characterized by resupinate basidiocarps, a poroid hymenophore, pseudodimitic hyphal system, nodose-septate hyphae, four types of cystidia (capitate, acicular to cylindrical, subulate to ventricose, and apically-encrusted), and thin-walled, colorless, smooth and ellipsoid basidiospores. Bayesian, Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony algorithms were used to construct phylogenies inferred from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA. Morphological and molecular studies, along with intercompatibility tests, confirmed the independent status of this species. Also, based on morphological and molecular evidence, six new combinations of Xylodon are proposed to accommodate species originally classified under Hyphodontia s.l., i.e. X. bubalinus, X. chinensis, X. mollissimus, X. nongravis, X. reticulatus and X. subtropicus. A key to known species of Hyphodontia s.l. with poroid, irpicoid or raduloid hymenophores is provided for the convenience in identification.