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Marica Cassarino Katie Robinson Dominic Trpel Íde OShaughnessy Eimear Smalle Stephen White Collette Devlin Rosie Quinn Fiona Boland Marie E. Ward Rosa McNamara Fiona Steed Margaret OConnor Andrew ORegan Gerard McCarthy Damien Ryan Rose Galvin 《PLoS medicine》2021,18(7)
BackgroundOlder adults frequently attend the emergency department (ED) and experience high rates of adverse events following ED presentation. This randomised controlled trial evaluated the impact of early assessment and intervention by a dedicated team of health and social care professionals (HSCPs) in the ED on the quality, safety, and clinical effectiveness of care of older adults in the ED.Methods and findingsThis single-site randomised controlled trial included a sample of 353 patients aged ≥65 years (mean age = 79.6, SD = 7.01; 59.2% female) who presented with lower urgency complaints to the ED a university hospital in the Mid-West region of Ireland, during HSCP operational hours. The intervention consisted of early assessment and intervention carried out by a HSCP team comprising a senior medical social worker, senior occupational therapist, and senior physiotherapist. The primary outcome was ED length of stay. Secondary outcomes included rates of hospital admissions from the ED; hospital length of stay for admitted patients; patient satisfaction with index visit; ED revisits, mortality, nursing home admission, and unscheduled hospital admission at 30-day and 6-month follow-up; and patient functional status and quality of life (at index visit and follow-up). Demographic information included the patient’s gender, age, marital status, residential status, mode of arrival to the ED, source of referral, index complaint, triage category, falls, and hospitalisation history. Participants in the intervention group (n = 176) experienced a significantly shorter ED stay than the control group (n = 177) (6.4 versus 12.1 median hours, p < 0.001). Other significant differences (intervention versus control) included lower rates of hospital admissions from the ED (19.3% versus 55.9%, p < 0.001), higher levels of satisfaction with the ED visit (p = 0.008), better function at 30-day (p = 0.01) and 6-month follow-up (p = 0.03), better mobility (p = 0.02 at 30 days), and better self-care (p = 0.03 at 30 days; p = 0.009 at 6 months). No differences at follow-up were observed in terms of ED re-presentation or hospital admission. Study limitations include the inability to blind patients or ED staff to allocation due to the nature of the intervention, and a focus on early assessment and intervention in the ED rather than care integration following discharge.ConclusionsEarly assessment and intervention by a dedicated ED-based HSCP team reduced ED length of stay and the risk of hospital admissions among older adults, as well as improving patient satisfaction. Our findings support the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary model of care for key ED outcomes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ; registered on 12 November 2018.Marica Cassarino and colleagues evaluate an intervention for early assessment of older patients in emergency care. NCT03739515相似文献
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Walter E. Madsen Michael J. Walker Elizabeth A. Shaughnessy John M. Brown Tapas K. Das Gupta 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1990,26(10):971-977
Summary A new tumor cell line has been established from a malignant pleural effusion in a 28-yr-old female patient with a primary
alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the left buttock. The in vitro and in vivo growth characteristics, morphologic features, abnormal
karyotype, and immunohistochemical staining pattern indicate that this cell line is comprised of primitive malignant mesenchymal
cells derived from a human rhabdomyosarcoma. Receptor studies done on tumors grown in male athymic mice revealed a single
class of high affinity saturable cytoplasmic estrogen receptor (Bmax 2.6 fm/mg cytosol protein, Kd 0.34 mM). Likewise, sucrose density gradient analysis demonstrated specific low-capacity, high-affinity estradiol binding predominately
in the 8S region. Cell growth in monolayer culture and on soft agar in the presence of estradiol was inhibited by pharmacologic
concentrations of estradiol in a dose-responsive manner compared with control. We describe a newly characterized malignant
mesenchymal cell line derived from an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma that is inhibited by pharmacologic doses of estradiol in vitro.
These findings suggest further investigation into the mechanism(s) of this estrogen-induced inhibition in rhabdomyosarcomas. 相似文献
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Hall AH Wan J Shaughnessy EE Ramsay Shaw B Alexander KA 《Nucleic acids research》2004,32(20):5991-6000
In RNA interference (RNAi), short double-stranded RNA (known as siRNA) inhibits expression from homologous genes. Clinical or pre-clinical use of siRNAs is likely to require stabilizing modifications because of the prevalence of intracellular and extracellular nucleases. In order to examine the effect of modification on siRNA efficacy and stability, we developed a new method for synthesizing stereoregular boranophosphate siRNAs. This work demonstrates that boranophosphate siRNAs are consistently more effective than siRNAs with the widely used phosphorothioate modification. Furthermore, boranophosphate siRNAs are frequently more active than native siRNA if the center of the antisense strand is not modified. Boranophosphate modification also increases siRNA potency. The finding that boranophosphate siRNAs are at least ten times more nuclease resistant than unmodified siRNAs may explain some of the positive effects of boranophosphate modification. The biochemical properties of boranophosphate siRNAs make them promising candidates for an RNAi-based therapeutic. 相似文献
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E A Crisp M Messer P D Shaughnessy 《Comparative biochemistry and physiology. B, Comparative biochemistry》1988,90(2):371-374
1. The intestinal disaccharidase activities of a suckling crabeater seal were investigated. 2. Lactase, maltase, isomaltase and cellobiase activities were readily detected but trehalase and sucrase activities were absent. 3. The intestinal homogenates were separated into a soluble (S2) fraction and a particulate brush border (P2) fraction. The lactase activities of the two fractions had different properties corresponding to those of an acid and a neutral beta-galactosidase respectively. Approximately two-thirds of the total lactase activity measured at pH 6.0 was due to the acid beta-galactosidase. 4. The isomaltase and cellobiase activities were found almost exclusively in the particulate fractions but about one third of the maltase activity was in the S2 fraction. This soluble maltase activity appeared to be due to an acid maltase. 相似文献
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The Gigartinaceae are economically important because the carrageenans in this family are used for a variety of purposes including
food stabilizers, food substitutes, pharmaceutical applications and cosmetics. The resorcinol method takes advantage of the
different carrageenans found in life history phases in this family to identify nonreproductive phases, and consequently, a
better understanding of the biology of this economically important family is possible. This study investigates sources of
variability that could affect the accuracy of the resorcinol method in identifying phases within the Gigartinaceae. Vegetative
disks of Iridaea splendens from different areas of the blade and disks containing reproductive structures all reacted consistently to the resorcinol
reagent. The minimum size and testing conditions required to reliably identify phases at the germling stage of I. splendens were determined. Phases of I. splendens cannot be identified if blades are stored in 3% formaldehyde in seawater. Phases of I. splendens, I. lineare, I. heterocarpa, Rhodoglossum californicum and R. affine can be identified reliably at different times of the year. Manipulations of the resorcinol method improved its accuracy in
identifying phases of Iridaea cornucopiae and Gigartina exasperata but the high percent of G. exasperata misidentified demonstrates that it cannot be assumed that the current resorcinol method works for all taxa in the Gigartinaceae. 相似文献
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Irregularities in migration velocity of bacterial cells in the highly alkaline solutions are due to the buffering effect of the cells upon the immediately adjacent zone of menstruum. Consistent results can be obtained by shaking the suspension thoroughly before placing it in the electrophoretic cell. When observed in this way both Bacillus cereus and Bacterium coli show an isopotential point near pH 13.5, that for Bacillus cereus being slightly below, and that for Bacterium coli slightly above this point. At more alkaline reactions the cells acquire a positive charge which increases with further increase in pH to very high values. 相似文献
40.
Estelle Levetin Richard Shaughnessy Eugene Fisher Bryan Ligman Jed Harrison Terry Brennan 《Aerobiologia》1995,11(1):27-34
This study examined indoor air quality within schools in Kansas City, Spokane, Santa Fe, and Orlando. Air sampling was undertaken with both Andersen Single Stage Samplers and Burkard Personal Air Samplers. The data show a wide range of indoor exposures ranging from less than 100 colony forming units (CFU/m3) for viable fungi and 100 spores/m3 for total spores in Spokane and Santa Fe to concentrations over 6000 CFU/m3 for viable fungi and 15 000 spores/m3 for total fungi in Orlando and Kansas City, respectively. In the majority of sites the indoor airspora reflected the outdoor taxa withCladosporium the most abundant genus identified; however, several indoor locations had elevated levels ofPenicillium andAspergillus indicating possible sources of indoor contamination. Airborne basidiospores and smut spores were also fairly abundant in the schools and were among the top five taxa identified. The data also indicated that the airborne concentrations vary significantly during the day and between classrooms within each school. Continued studies in schools are needed to fully assess both the exposure levels and the clinical significance to atopic children allergic to these spores. 相似文献