Interaction effect of sulphur and phosphorus on growth and nutrient content of moong (Phaseolus aureus L.)

Summary Sulphur-phosphorus interaction has been studied in a greenhouse experiment on a soil, deficient both in S and P with moong (Phaseolus aureus) as the test crop. The treatments were in the factorial combination of five levels of S and P (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 ppm) applied as CaSO₄. 2H₂O and Ca(H₂PO₄)₂. H₂O respectively. A uniform treatment of N and K was made. The yield of vegetative tissues and grains increased with the application of S and P individually but decreased when S and P were applied in different combinations. Sulphur application increased S content but decreased P content in straw as well as in grains. Total P content increased with applied P and decreased with S application. Applied sulphur increased and phosphorus decreased the protein content in moong grains. Changes in N:S ratio in interaction was found to exist between S and P on the yield, grain quality, concentration and total removal of sulphur and phosphorus by Moong crop The antagonistic effect of sulphur and phosphorus fertilizer on the uptake and utilization of each other was more conspicuous when they were applied together. re]19760106     

Primary cultures of rat hepatocytes in hollow fiber chambers

Summary Hepatocyte culture may represent an alternative to the use of animals to study drug detoxification by the liver. An ideal in vitro system should closely mimic the in vivo environment by providing continuous media perfusion and oxygenation, and should facilitate sampling of cells and culture media. To meet these criteria, a hollow fiber bioreactor seeded with isolated rat hepatocytes was developed and tested by measuring the formation of three products of the oxidative metabolism of diazepam and the glucuronidation of phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP). To compare the performance of conventional monolayer culture to that of the bioreactor system, diazepam metabolism was studied for 45 days in both systems. The oxygen dependency of diazepam metabolism was evaluated by perfusing the bioreactor in an oxygen-rich atmosphere (30%). Total diazepam metabolism was twofold higher in the O₂-rich perfused hollow fiber cultures than in the cultures perfused under normal conditions, reflecting an increase in temazepam and oxazepam production. Diazepam detoxification activity was significantly enhanced by oxygen (P≤0.001) over the life of the perfused cultures. PSP metabolism was similar in all three culture systems. By Day 10, diazepam metabolism in the oxygenated bioreactor system was 44% of the in vivo activity of rat hepatocytes. This activity dropped to 30% by Day 25 of culture. These results justify the use of perfused culture systems for in vitro detoxification studies as an alternative to animal use and emphasize the capacity of a culture device perfused under O₂-enriched conditions to maintain long-term P450 activity of rat hepatocytes.     

Identification and expression analysis of candidate genes associated with stem gall disease in Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) cultivars

Molecular Biology Reports - Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is a well-known spice and aromatic crop cultivated globally. Stem gall disease is one of the major constraints for its leaf and seed...     

Influence of soil bulk density on miscible displacement of nitrate

Summary Experiments on miscible displacement of nitrate were conducted on saturated soil columns of a silty clay loam packed at bulk densities 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 gcm^–3. A good agreement was observed between the theoretical breakthrough curves and the experimental data. The dispersion coefficient E and the magnitude of maximum C/C₀ increased slightly with increase in average pore velocity. However, the cumulative nitrate loss for a given pore volume of fluid decreased slightly with increase in average pore velocity.