全文获取类型
收费全文 | 17824篇 |
免费 | 1659篇 |
国内免费 | 1634篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 39篇 |
2023年 | 244篇 |
2022年 | 625篇 |
2021年 | 1032篇 |
2020年 | 714篇 |
2019年 | 859篇 |
2018年 | 864篇 |
2017年 | 623篇 |
2016年 | 784篇 |
2015年 | 1216篇 |
2014年 | 1468篇 |
2013年 | 1412篇 |
2012年 | 1717篇 |
2011年 | 1451篇 |
2010年 | 906篇 |
2009年 | 809篇 |
2008年 | 980篇 |
2007年 | 778篇 |
2006年 | 621篇 |
2005年 | 501篇 |
2004年 | 386篇 |
2003年 | 395篇 |
2002年 | 329篇 |
2001年 | 280篇 |
2000年 | 238篇 |
1999年 | 199篇 |
1998年 | 118篇 |
1997年 | 138篇 |
1996年 | 138篇 |
1995年 | 120篇 |
1994年 | 97篇 |
1993年 | 79篇 |
1992年 | 113篇 |
1991年 | 90篇 |
1990年 | 80篇 |
1989年 | 65篇 |
1988年 | 58篇 |
1987年 | 53篇 |
1986年 | 41篇 |
1985年 | 56篇 |
1984年 | 46篇 |
1983年 | 30篇 |
1982年 | 26篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 20篇 |
1976年 | 14篇 |
1974年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 18篇 |
1971年 | 22篇 |
1966年 | 14篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
31.
Cloning and expression of human nebulin cDNAs and assignment of the gene to chromosome 2q31-q32 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
M Zeviani B T Darras R Rizzuto G Salviati R Betto E Bonilla A F Miranda J Du C Samitt G Dickson 《Genomics》1988,2(3):249-256
We have isolated two nonoverlapping cDNAs encoding human nebulin, a muscle-specific protein. Northern hybridization analysis shows that nebulin is encoded by a huge message at least 25 kb in length. By hybridizing two nonoverlapping cDNAs to DNA isolated from rodent X human cell hybrids, we assign this presumably single-copy gene to human chromosome 2; sublocalization studies indicate that the nebulin gene is on the long arm of the chromosome, in the region 2q31-q32. 相似文献
32.
除虫菊的染色体数目及其核型 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
杜冰群;刘启宏;朱翠英 《武汉植物学研究》1988,6(1):95-96
除虫菊(Pyrethrum cinerariifolium Trev.)为菊科小黄菊属多年生宿根草本植物。以花或全草入药。除虫菊的主要有效成分为除虫菊酯和瓜叶除虫菊酯,可用于加工成各种制剂作杀虫剂原料,用以防治日常虫豸(蚊、蝇、虱等)和农业害虫,且对人 相似文献
33.
34.
Bhabesh Sen Franklin A. Graybill Naitee Ting 《Biometrical journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift》1992,34(3):259-274
The model considered in this article is the two-factor nested unbalanced variance component model: for p = 1, 2, …, P; q = 1, 2, …, Qp; and r = 1, 2, …, Rpq. The random variables Ypqr are observable. The constant μ is an unknown parameter, and Ap, Bpq and Cpqr are (unobservable) normal and independently distributed random variables with zero means and finite variances σ2A, σ2B, and σ2C, respectively. Approximate confidence intervals on ?A and ?B using unweighted means are derived, where The performance of these approximate confidence intervals are evaluated using computer simulation. The simulated results indicate that these proposed confidence intervals perform satisfactorily and can be used in applied problems. 相似文献
35.
Production of hepatitis delta virus and suppression of helper hepatitis B virus in a human hepatoma cell line. 总被引:20,自引:16,他引:4
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of virology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
The hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a defective virus with a coat composing of the surface antigen of its helper virus, hepatitis B virus (HBV). Replication of HDV in the absence of HBV has been shown in cell cultures by transient transfection of the HDV plasmid. However, the formation and release of HDV virions have not been observed. In this report, a human hepatoma cell line HuH-7 was transiently cotransfected with HDV and HBV plasmids. The production of monomeric and multimeric antigenomic RNAs of HDV in the transfected cells indicated replication of the HDV genome. The major 3.5- and 2.1-kb RNAs of HBV were also expressed. Virions of both HDV and HBV were released from the cotransfected cells, as shown by the detection of monomeric genomic HDV RNA and partially double-stranded HBV DNA in the culture medium. Thus, this is the first report that describes the assembly and the release of HDV viral particles in an in vitro cell culture. The HDV virions released possessed physicochemical properties identical to those of the HDV virions found in infected human serum. Furthermore, expression of both the 3.5- and 2.1-kb RNAs of HBV was shown to be dramatically decreased by the presence of HDV, indicating suppression of the expression of HBV genes by HDV. The amount of HBV virions released was similarly suppressed by HDV. Cotransfection of HBV with an expression plasmid of the HDV delta antigen remarkably reduced the levels of the 3.5- and 2.1-kb HBV RNAs, indicating that suppression of the expression of HBV RNAs by HDV occurs via the action of the delta antigen. This HBV- and HDV-cotransfected human hepatoma cell line should provide an excellent system for the study of the function of the delta antigen and the interaction between HDV and its helper, HBV. 相似文献
36.
Inside-out integrin signalling. 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
Integrins are expressed by virtually all cells and play key roles in a range of cellular processes. Changes in the integrin surface repertoire provide a means of altering the strength and ligand preferences of cell adhesion. Recent research has examined the affinity modulation of integrins, a rapid and versatile mechanism of cell adhesion regulation. Studies with a prototype, alpha IIb beta 3, indicate that intracellular events influence the conformation and ligand-binding affinity of the extracellular domain of integrins. This 'inside-out' signal transduction appears to be mediated through the integrin cytoplasmic domains. In addition, in some cases affinity modulation of integrins may be cell-type specific. The clarification of the mechanisms of integrin affinity modulation should help explain rapid changes in cell adhesion that occur during cell migration, aggregation and the cell cycle. 相似文献
37.
若干种枝角类卵鞍表面亚显微结构的比较研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以扫描电镜对发头裸腹溞、蚤状溞、隆线溞指名亚种以及隆线溞东湖一亚种的卵鞍分别进行了比较研究,发现卵鞍表面的亚显微结构有明显的差异,但亚种之间差异较小。隆线溞指名亚种与隆线溞东湖一亚种二者的卵鞍在光学显微镜下看不出有什么差异,然而亚显微结构却互不相同。这就为东湖一新亚种的确定提供了一项可靠的依据,同时也进一步证实卵鞍的超微结构确可作为枝角类分类的表征。 相似文献
38.
本实验主要观察并比较了大鼠冷适应前后直肠温度(RT)、血清游离脂肪酸(SFFA)浓度、肩胛间棕色脂肪组织(IBAT)和肝脏cAMP含量的变化及其对去甲肾上腺素(NE)反应性的改变。结果表明:①冷适应28d大鼠在冷环境中RT稳定,NE刺激后RT上升幅度大于常温对照组(P<0.005);②冷适应1d组SFFA升高,冷适应28d组SFFA接近对照组,且对NE刺激无反应,对照组给NE后SFFA与RT一致性升高;③冷适应28d组IBAT的cAMP升高,而肝脏的cAMP含量三组间无显著性差异。NE刺激后,冷适应28d组IBAT和肝脏cAMP均升高,与RT反应一致,而对照组不变。结果提示,在5±3℃适应28d的大鼠已建立冷适应机制,非寒颤产热(NST)容量增加,在冷适应的不同时期,肝脏和IBAT调节NST的机制不同。 相似文献
39.
电刺激乌拉坦麻醉的大鼠下丘脑外侧区(LH)可使缰核(Hb)内51.0%的单位兴奋,15.7%的单位抑制,其中发生兴奋反应的单位有15.4%可被逆行激活。双侧Hb内微量注射利多卡因,电刺激LH引起的升压反应可被阻断42.0±28.0%;反之,双侧LH内微量注射利多卡固,电刺激Hb引起的升压反应可被阻断62.0±26.4%。结果表明,LH与Hb在血压调节中相互依赖,具有协同作用。 相似文献
40.
人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子神经营养作用的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本实验研究了人酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(haFGF)的体外神经营养作用。结果表明,haFGF在体外能明显促进鸡胚(E-8)脊髓组织神经突起的生长,并能明显改变新生大鼠脑星形胶质细胞的形态,使扁平、多角形紧密联接的细胞转化为具有纤维样突起的胶质细胞,同时对胶质细胞DNA合成也有一定促进作用。实验还证明,haFGF可增加体外培养新生大鼠海马神经元的存活,且大大增加神经元胞体体积及突起长度。 相似文献