重组人睫状神经营养因子的聚乙二醇化修饰简

目的：研究重组人睫状神经营养因子（rhCNTF）突变体的聚乙二醇（PEG）化修饰,对rhCNTF的PEG化产物进行初步分离纯化及相关生物活性检测。方法：采用分子生物学技术经点突变得到rhCNTF的突变体cNm通过实验设计研究CN10的最佳PEG化条件;采用分子筛层析方式对偶联产物进行初步纯化,最后用ELISA和小鼠体重增长抑制法检测PEG化后的CN。。蛋白的生物活性。结果：能运用mPEG—MAL对CN,。进行定点修饰,PEG化后用Superdex200能够分离CN10;PEG化后的CN10每2d腹腔注射1次,对小鼠体重的增长抑制率可达50％,与rhCNTF每天注射2次的体重增长抑制作用相当。结论：CN10蛋白在PEG化修饰后,其减重效应持续时间明显延长。     

The Association of PTPN22 R620W Polymorphism Is Stronger with Late-Onset AChR-Myasthenia Gravis in Turkey

A functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the PTPN22 gene encoding a protein tyrosine phosphatase has been associated with autoimmune disorders including myasthenia gravis (MG). As the PTPN22 R620W polymorphism has a wide variation of allele frequencies among different populations, this polymorphism was investigated in MG in Turkey. An emphasis is put on MG subgroups according to autoantibody (Abs) production and presence of thymoma. DNA samples from 416 patients with clinically diagnosed generalized MG (231 with Abs to acetylcholine receptor, AChR-MG), 53 with Abs to muscle-specific kinase (MuSK-MG), 55 patients with no detectable Abs (SN-MG), 77 patients with thymoma (TAMG) and 293 healthy controls (HC) were genotyped for the SNP (PTPN22 R620W, C1858T, rs2476601). The PTPN22 T allele was increased in AChR-MG patients (odds ratio [OR]: 2.5, 95%CI: 1.2–5.1). The association was stronger in late disease-onset AChR (LOMG, OR: 3.1, 95%CI: 1.2–8.2). MuSK-MG, SN-MG and TAMG groups did not carry the variant allele more frequently than the HC. In contrast to findings in other autoimmune diseases, the distribution of the PTPN22 polymorphism in this population provides a susceptibility marker for AChR-MG. The strongest association is detected in patients with LOMG.     

微卫星标记的制备策略

微卫星标记作为一类重要的、成熟的分子遗传标记,凭借自身的高变异性、孟德尔遗传模 式、共显性遗传方式等优点,在遗传及其它相关领域发挥了十分重要的作用,而其主要的缺点是 必须知道所研究生物的微卫星序列及其旁侧序列。随着人类及模式生物基因组的深入研究,微 卫星标记的制备经历了从费时、费力、低效的传统法到周期短、效率高的富集法(选择性杂交法和 FIASCO法);从基因组构建文库筛选到公共数据库ESTs发掘;从实验室自制到花钱购买。总之, 随着方法与技术的不断改进,从目标生物中获得微卫星标记变得越来越简单、经济。     

酪氨酸酶的应用研究进展

酪氨酸酶具有重要的生理生化特性,在医药、环境、食品、精细化工等领域具有广泛的用 途。酪氨酸酶可以氧化L-酪氨酸合成L-多巴和黑色素,L-多巴用于帕金森症的治疗,黑色素能够 杀死HIV病毒。酪氨酸酶可用于环境工程领域处理含苯酚及胺类废水,用于精细化工领域催化 有机合成反应。综述了酪氨酸酶在各个领域的应用概况,阐明了其在工业生产领域的应用前景。     

CO2 efflux from a Mediterranean semi-arid forest soil. II. Effects of soil fauna and surface stoniness

Many forest soils in the Mediterranean basin areshallow and contain high amounts of gravel in theorganic layers. Recent studies on soil organic matteraccumulation have shown high amounts of organic matteroccurring mainly in soils with high levels ofstoniness at the soil surface. The gravel layer mayaffect the microclimatic conditions of the soilsurface and probably the distribution and activity ofsoil fauna.In order to quantify the combined effects soil fauna(epigeic macrofauna and earthworms) and stoniness onthe release of soil CO₂, we performed a threefactor field experiment by using a series ofreconstructed soil profiles. Factors 1 and 2 consistedof the exclusion/presence of soil epigeic macrofaunaand earthworms, and factor 3 of the presence/absenceof a gravel layer intermingled with the H horizon. Weincubated ¹⁴C straw in the H horizon and carriedout three 40 mm rainfall simulations.Soil respiration primarily depended on the season. Theeffects of soil fauna were generally small and did notcoincide with periods of high faunal activity. Thelargest effects of both earthworms and soil epigeicfauna were found after wetting the soil in summer. Theeffects of the earthworms were concentrated in themineral soil while the effects of the epigeic faunawere concentrated in the H horizon and mainly arosetowards the end of the experiment. This suggests thatthe effects of epigeic fauna may have beenunderestimated due to the length of the experiment.The gravel layer increased the effect of faunaprobably by creating more favorable microclimaticconditions. The accumulation of organic matter insoils with high levels of stoniness cannot beexplained by the effect of gravel on soil microclimatenor by its effect on the activity of soil fauna.     

细胞学研究的新工具--TRANSWELL

细胞组织培养技术对基础和应用性生命科学研究日益重要,需要发展与体内环境一致的培养器皿及细胞吸附物质。渗透支持系统包括各种形状,装置已成为培养特殊细胞的标准方法。实验设计因渗透膜可进行完全饲养并进行自然的新陈代谢活动而明显改善。     

应用Nd：YAG激光消除晶体后囊膜皱褶

目的：观察应用Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光,消除人工晶体植入术后,影响视力的后囊膜皱褶之效果。方法：国产ＪＹＺ－１Ａ型ＹＡＧ激光眼科治疗机。用单脉冲能量０．３５ｍＪ－１．５ｍＪ,治疗总能量１１．２ｍＪ６４．５ｍＪ击射晶体后囊膜皱褶深处,形成３４ｍｍ孔径管亮区。