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91.
Mahmoudi Shahram Rezaie Sassan Daie Ghazvini Roshanak Hashemi Seyed Jamal Badali Hamid Foroumadi Alireza Diba Kambiz Chowdhary Anuradha Meis Jacques F. Khodavaisy Sadegh 《Mycopathologia》2019,184(5):607-613
Mycopathologia - The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro interactions of geldanamycin (Hsp90-inhibitor) with triazoles and echinocandins against common and emerging Candida species.... 相似文献
92.
Shima Bakhshalizadeh Ali Bani Shahram Abdolmalaki Jesús T. Ponce‐Palafox 《Zeitschrift fur angewandte Ichthyologie》2019,35(2):403-407
The effect of two feeding rates (0.5 and 1.5% of total body weight) was assessed on the growth of pectoral fin spines of captive juvenile great sturgeon, Huso huso, after second year of life. The fish received Oxytetracycline (OTC) twice in the first and second years of their lives under basic diet. During the 5‐month experimental period, juveniles (mean 1,187.4 g, 0.1 standard deviation [SD]), n = 50) were reared with two feeding rates under similar conditions in 10 fiberglass tanks (1.5 m3). The fish were fed manually with a commercial diet twice a day (35% Biomar, Nersac, France) throughout the experiment. The OTC marks were distinguished in all pectoral fin spine sections under ultraviolet light. The means of the first and second annular radii were 806.6 µm (27.2 SD) and 2,246.5 µm (50.2 SD), respectively. The marginal increment analysis beyond the second OTC mark revealed a significantly smaller marginal increment for low feeding rate treatment (143.9, 11.2 SD) as compared to the high feeding rate one (269.0, 14.6 SD). The results indicate the slower growth rate in the fish fed the low feeding treatments seen in the pectoral fin spine formation, which can be used as an indicator of recent feeding history in sturgeon juveniles. The best daily feeding rate for great sturgeon of 2,460 g was determined to be 1.5% body weight/day in this study. 相似文献
93.
Aminlari Ladan Shekarforoush Seyed Shahram Hosseinzadeh Saeid Nazifi Saeed Sajedianfard Javad Eskandari Mohammad Hadi 《Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins》2019,11(4):1163-1171
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins - The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus coagulans on serum lipid profile and lowering potential of... 相似文献
94.
Heydari Zahra Rahaie Mahdi Alizadeh Ali Mohammad Agah Shahram Khalighfard Solmaz Bahmani Sahar 《Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins》2019,11(4):1155-1162
Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins - A wide range of sources supports that the link between diet and colorectal cancer may be due to an imbalance of the intestinal microflora. In this case, it... 相似文献
95.
Environmental pollution has increased human attention toward developing green spaces every day. One of the most important goals in developing green spaces is to create beautiful and pleasant scenes and consequently creating mental relaxation; turfs are the most important plants for this purpose. One factor which affects the growth of plants in arid and semi-arid regions is the salinity of the water and soil; therefore, using some types of turfgrasses which are tolerant to salinity is a key factor for culturing them more in the city landscapes in such regions. The aim of this study was to investigate the physio-morphological and structural changes in common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers., as more tolerant species) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L., as less tolerant species) under salt stress condition. The salt stress treatments were applied by seven concentrations of NaCl + CaCl2 (1:1 proportion based on the final EC) including: 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5 and 15.0 dS m?1. This study was conducted in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangements, each treatment with four replications. Data were analyzed and means were compared using LSD test at 5 % level. Results showed that with increasing salinity levels Kentucky bluegrass started to decrease in visual quality at 2.5 dS m?1, but bermudagrass’ visual quality was still acceptable at 5.0 dS m?1. Furthermore, increasing the salinity level caused a reduction in the following indices in both species: shoot height, shoot fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight, leaf area, photosynthetic rate, total chlorophyll, and starch level. However, the reducing sugar levels and indices of proline, and catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes had shown an increasing trend while salinity increased. However, reducing sugar levels, and catalase and superoxide dismutase activities decreased at salinity levels higher than 10 dS m?1. Structural studies showed that bermudagrass, with help of bulliform cells, could prevent water loss and tolerate the higher salinity levels. Based on these results, it can be concluded that under the no salinity condition Kentucky bluegrass has more folded leaves than common bermudagrass, however, bermudagrass is more tolerant because of thicker epidermis. Under high salinity conditions, bermudagrass kept their leaves folded, whereas the leaf structure was drastically damaged in bluegrass and no folded leaf was seen at 15 dS m?1. Further ultrastructural studies are needed to clarify more the changes occurring in leaves under salinity stress condition. 相似文献
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97.
Paul T. Kroeger Jr. Shahram Jevin Poureetezadi Robert McKee Jonathan Jou Rachel Miceli Rebecca A. Wingert 《Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE》2014,(89)
The zebrafish has become a mainstream vertebrate model that is relevant for many disciplines of scientific study. Zebrafish are especially well suited for forward genetic analysis of developmental processes due to their external fertilization, embryonic size, rapid ontogeny, and optical clarity – a constellation of traits that enable the direct observation of events ranging from gastrulation to organogenesis with a basic stereomicroscope. Further, zebrafish embryos can survive for several days in the haploid state. The production of haploid embryos in vitro is a powerful tool for mutational analysis, as it enables the identification of recessive mutant alleles present in first generation (F1) female carriers following mutagenesis in the parental (P) generation. This approach eliminates the necessity to raise multiple generations (F2, F3, etc.) which involves breeding of mutant families, thus saving the researcher time along with reducing the needs for zebrafish colony space, labor, and the husbandry costs. Although zebrafish have been used to conduct forward screens for the past several decades, there has been a steady expansion of transgenic and genome editing tools. These tools now offer a plethora of ways to create nuanced assays for next generation screens that can be used to further dissect the gene regulatory networks that drive vertebrate ontogeny. Here, we describe how to prepare haploid zebrafish embryos. This protocol can be implemented for novel future haploid screens, such as in enhancer and suppressor screens, to address the mechanisms of development for a broad number of processes and tissues that form during early embryonic stages. 相似文献
98.
It's time to regulate: Coping with product‐induced nongenetic clonal instability in CHO cell lines via regulated protein expression 下载免费PDF全文
Clonal instability and titer loss during Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line development (CLD) has several underlying causes, the most prominent of which are DNA copy number loss and DNA silencing. However, in some cases, clonal instability is due to the toxicity of the therapeutic protein(s) that clones express. Unlike DNA copy number loss, which may occur in some clones or DNA silencing that is prevalent in certain regions of the genome, the hallmark of product induced clonal instability is its manifestation in all the selected clones. To circumvent such product induced clonal instability, we have developed a vector construct that utilizes a regulated protein expression system in which the constitutive expression of the target protein(s) is prevented unless doxycycline is added to the culture. We have then successfully used this system to express, at high titers, an antibody for which constitutive expression results in clonal instability perhaps due to intracellular accumulation of the antibody. Our data shows that unlike the constitutively expressed or continuously induced clones, uninduced clones do not display instability. Furthermore, maintaining the uninduced clones in culture for months or subjecting them to freeze‐thaws did not have any effects on their titers. All together, our findings suggest that a regulated expression system could be suitable for production of difficult proteins that trigger instability. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 30:1432–1440, 2014 相似文献
99.
Demehri S Namiranian K Mehr SE Rastegar H Shariftabrizi A Gaskari SA Roushanzamir F Dehpour AR 《Life sciences》2003,73(2):209-220
In the present study, the status of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors during cholestasis was investigated by the inhibitory effect of clonidine on the electrically stimulated contractions of mice vas deferens (MVD) and guinea pig ileum (GPI). Clonidine inhibited the contractions in both tissues in a dose-dependent manner. Compared to unoperated animals, there was a significant right-shift in the clonidine concentration-curves of both tissues obtained from 5-day bile-duct ligated (BDL) animals (p < 0.01), implying the hyporesponsiveness of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors during cholestasis. Chronic treatment with naltrexone (3 mg/kg/day) reversed the right-shift induced by cholestasis in both tissues. Administration of N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (20 mg/kg/day) also partially reversed cholestasis-induced effect on IC(50) of clonidine. These two treatments had no effect on IC(50) of tissues from controls. Chronic yohimbine treatment (5 mg/kg/day) recovered the effect of cholestasis on MVD, but sensitized the ileum of unoperated and BDL guinea pigs to clonidine to a similar extent, providing evidence for the role of the augmented adrenergic state of cholestasis in the hyporesponsiveness of norepinephrine-releasing neurons of MVD. We concluded that cholestasis is associated with the decreased responsiveness of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors and the cholestasis-associated augmented opioidergic tone and increased NO production contribute to this process. 相似文献
100.
Gholamreza Ahmadi Lakalayeh Reza Faridi-Majidi Reza Saber Alireza Partoazar Shahram Ejtemaei Mehr Amir Amani 《AAPS PharmSciTech》2012,13(4):1386-1395
Nanoemulsions are increasingly being investigated for their fascinating capability of loading both hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules while their stability is still an issue, being affected by various factors. In this study, to evaluate the dominant factors affecting the stability of nanoemulsions, artificial neural networks (ANNs) were implemented. Nanoemulsions of almond oil in water containing oleic acid-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared using a mixture of Tween 80 and Span 80 as surfactant system and ethanol as a co-surfactant. The ratio of transparency of the samples at 30 min and 7 days after preparation was taken as an indication of the stability of samples. Four independent variables, namely, concentration of nanoparticle, surfactant, oil, and alcohol were investigated to find their relations with the dependent variable (i.e., transparency ratio). Using ANNs modeling, it was concluded that the stability is affected by all variables, with all variables showing reverse effect on the stability beyond an optimum amount.Key words: artificial neural networks, nanoemulsion, optimization, stability, superparamagnetic iron oxide 相似文献