Biomedical potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles from root extract of Asparagus officinalis

Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology - Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from medicinal plant extracts has gained importance due to its pharmacological potential. In the...     

Design and development of opto-electrochemical biosensing devices for diagnosing chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is emerging as one of the major causes of the increase in mortality rate and is expected to become 5th major cause by 2050. Many studies have shown that it is majorly related to various risk factors, and thus becoming one of the major health issues around the globe. Early detection of renal disease lowers the overall burden of disease by preventing individuals from developing kidney impairment. Therefore, diagnosis and prevention of CKD are becoming the major challenges, and in this situation, biosensors have emerged as one of the best possible solutions. Biosensors are becoming one of the preferred choices for various diseases diagnosis as they provide simpler, cost-effective and precise methods for onsite detection. In this review, we have tried to discuss the globally developed biosensors for the detection of CKD, focusing on their design, pattern, and applicability in real samples. Two major classifications of biosensors based on transduction systems, that is, optical and electrochemical, for kidney disease have been discussed in detail. Also, the major focus is given to clinical biomarkers such as albumin, creatinine, and others related to kidney dysfunction. Furthermore, the globally developed sensors for the detection of CKD are discussed in tabulated form comparing their analytical performance, response time, specificity as well as performance in biological fluids.     

Biocompatibility natural effect of rhamnolipids in bioremediation process on different biological systems at the site of contamination

Abstract

Rhamnolipid is known for its potential for degradation of various harmful and toxic contaminants. However, there is a lack of reports of their effects on different biological systems. Hence, the present study focuses on the assessment of rhamnolipid mixture for their biocompatibility nature. The in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies on the mouse fibroblast cell line (L929) and rabbit skin surface respectively showed that the crude rhamnolipid mixture exhibits a nontoxic behavior (p?<?0.05). Similar results were observed with Aedesalbo pictus larvae. However, studies on monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous seeds showed the toxic behavior of rhamnolipids above their critical micelle concentration values (5–200?mg.L???1). The antimicrobial property with respect to bacteria was found to be more prominent toward Gram positive (0.5?±?0.5?mg.L???1) compared to Gram negative bacteria (2.0?±?0.7?mg.L???1) and it was least in case of fungi (2.0?±?0.2?mg.L???1). The present study opens up a possibility to study the effects of rhamnolipids on the flora and fauna existing at the site of their application to ensure that it effectively remediates the environment without causing any harm to the on-site living systems.