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81.
82.
钙对花生幼苗生长、活性氧积累和光抑制程度的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为探讨钙元素对花生幼苗生长的影响,以花育22为试材,用改良的Hoagland溶液进行培养,培养液钙离子(Ca2+)浓度分别为0、6和12 mmol/L(依次简称为CK、C6和C12),研究了不同Ca2+浓度培养下花生幼苗生长以及根系和叶片活性氧(ROS)的积累情况。结果表明,Ca2+显著提高花生植株的株高和鲜重,并降低根冠比,而且正常培养条件下,Ca2+显著提高根系活力、降低叶片和根系的ROS积累,而且C12幼苗的生理状态要好于C6。花生幼苗功能叶在高温(42℃)强光(1200μmol m-2s-1)胁迫处理下,与CK植株相比,C6和C12叶片的过氧化氢(H2O2)和超氧阴离子(O-2)的积累水平低、其叶片PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)高、光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的关闭程度低,而且C12幼苗的活性氧积累和光抑制程度都明显低于C6,表明高温强光胁迫下,Ca2+有利于减轻花生幼苗叶片的光抑制和ROS积累。C6和C12叶片的部分ROS清除酶活性以及有关渗透调节物质的含量明显高于CK,丙二醛(MDA)的含量明显低于CK,表明胁迫条件下Ca2+通过提高ROS清除酶活性和渗透调节物质含量降低ROS的积累和危害,保护花生类囊体膜从而保证花生正常生长。 相似文献
83.
根癌农杆菌介导的定点敲除技术在红色红曲菌中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
红曲菌(Monascus spp.)是一种重要的丝状真菌, 广泛应用于食品和医药领域中。目前, 由于对红曲菌遗传背景了解的很少, 因而对其重要功能基因的研究报道很少。本研究采用根癌农杆菌介导的转化技术对红色红曲菌(Monascus ruber)中推断的G-蛋白信号调节子mrfA基因的RGS功能域进行定点缺失研究, 探讨基于同源重组为基础的基因定点缺失技术在红曲菌基因功能鉴定中的可行性。构建的敲除载体pC805S左右同源臂长度分别为958 bp和824 bp, 将其转入受体菌M. ruber 中, 得到的138株转化子中, 有26株转化子发生了同源重组, 重组率达到18.8%。实验结果表明该技术作为红曲菌基因功能鉴定的方法是可行的。 相似文献
84.
85.
以黄河三角洲潮间带盐地碱蓬种子生成的幼苗为材料,研究了NaCl胁迫对盐地碱蓬生长与根系边缘细胞的影响。盐地碱蓬的第一个边缘细胞几乎与根尖同步产生,当根长达到13mm时,边缘细胞数目达到最大值。NaCl胁迫抑制边缘细胞的活性,但低浓度的NaCl处理增加边缘细胞的数目。低浓度NaCl处理时果胶甲基酯酶(PME)的活性比对照有明显增加,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随着NaCl浓度的增加呈现先上升后下降的趋势,低浓度NaCl可以增加盐地碱蓬根内过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性,NaCl处理时间和处理浓度都对过氧化物酶(POD)活性的影响不明显。这些结果表明,盐地碱蓬至少部分通过增加调控活性氧(ROS)水平增加PME活性及根系边缘细胞数目来抵抗NaCl胁迫。 相似文献
86.
基于地统计学的黄土高寒区典型林地土壤水分盈亏状况研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
土壤水分是黄土高寒区水循环、地下水补给和植被恢复的关键因素,基于地统计学研究土壤水分空间分布及其盈亏状况,揭示林地土壤水分的空间分布规律、变异特征及空间结构,对于区域植被恢复具有重要价值。以大通县安门滩小流域人工林地作为研究对象,运用地统计学方法对其5月、7月和9月的土壤储水量、林地耗水量和土壤水分盈亏量进行综合分析。研究结果表明:(1)土壤储水量总体表现为9月5月7月,而林地耗水量为7月9月5月,5—7月绝大多数林地的土壤水分呈亏损状态,而7—9月所有林地土壤水分都得到了补充,总体来看,5—9月研究区多数林地的土壤水分有所盈余,土壤储水量、林地耗水量和土壤水分盈亏量均采用指数模型作为最优理论变异函数模型;(2)5月、7月和9月土壤储水量呈南高北低、西高东低的空间分异规律,且西南-东北方向变异较东南-西北方向剧烈;各月林地耗水量在西南-东北方向变异较东南-西北方向剧烈,总体表现为西南部区域低于东北部区域;在5—7月、7—9月和5—9月这三个时期内,土壤水分盈亏量的取值均呈现出东北部区域小于西南部区域的特点。综上,当地土壤水分状况与林地耗水量分布格局并不完全匹配,虽然绝大部分林分能够维持土壤水分收支平衡,但部分山脚处的青杨林地和中部区域的华北落叶松林地出现了土壤水分亏损的现象。为防止林地水分环境恶化,在之后黄土高寒区的植被建设过程中,应适当调整林分配置。 相似文献
87.
A. S. Karunas B. B. Yunusbaev Yu. Yu. Fedorova G. F. Gimalova N. N. Ramazanova L. L. Gur’eva L. A. Mukhtarova Sh. Z. Zagidullin E. I. Etkina E. K. Khusnutdinova 《Molecular Biology》2011,45(6):911-920
Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease caused by a complex interaction of environmental influences
and genetic susceptibility. The first genome-wide association study of bronchial asthma discovered a significant association
between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within the genomic region 17q12-q21 and childhood bronchial asthma
in individuals of European descent. This result was later replicated in a number of independent population samples of European
and Asian origin. Here we report the results of the first genome-wide association study of bronchial asthma in the Volga-Urals
region of Russia. The study involved 358 unrelated patients with physician-diagnosed bronchial asthma and 369 disease-free
control subjects of different ethnicity (Russians, Tatars, and Bashkirs). DNA specimens were genotyped using an Illumina Human610
quad array as a part of the GABRIEL project (EC contract no. LSHB-CT-2006-018996). After QC filtering procedures, a final
set of 550 915 SNPs genotyped in 330 patients and 348 controls was tested for association with bronchial asthma. Five markers
on chromosome 17q12-21 showed significant association with bronchial asthma (p ≤ 4.79 × 10−7). The rs7216389 SNP located in GSDMB intron 1 showed the strongest evidence for association (p = 1.01 × 10−7). Association with childhood asthma (p = 1.97 × 10−6 for rs7216389) was stronger than with late-onset asthma (p = 1.8 × 10−4 for rs7216389). A replication study of three SNPs located within GSDMB confirmed association only with childhood asthma. In sum, these results suggest that genetic variants of 17q12–q21 play an
important role in susceptibility to bronchial asthma in the Volga-Urals region of Russia. 相似文献
88.
Ochratoxin production was tested in 172 strains representing species in sections Fumigati, Circumdati, Candidi, and Wentii of the genus Aspergillus by an immunochemical method using a monoclonal antibody preparation against ochratoxin A. Ochratoxin A was detected in Aspergillus ochraceus, A. alliaceus, A. sclerotiorum, A. sulphureus, A. albertensis, A. auricomus, and A. wentii strains. This is the first report of production of ochratoxins in the latter three species. Ochratoxin production by these species was confirmed by high-performance thin-layer chromatography and by high-performance liquid chromatography. The chemical methods also indicated the production of ochratoxin B by all of the Aspergillus strains mentioned above. 相似文献
89.
Coexistence of nitrifiers, denitrifiers and Anammox bacteria in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor as revealed by PCR-DGGE 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Y. Xiao G.M. Zeng Z.H. Yang Y.Sh. Liu Y.H. Ma L. Yang R.J. Wang Zh.Y. Xu 《Journal of applied microbiology》2009,106(2):496-505
Aims: The bacterial diversity in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) treating landfill leachate was studied to explain the mechanism of nitrogen removal.
Methods and Results: The total microbial DNA was extracted from samples collected from landfill leachate and biofilm of the reactor with the removal efficiencies of NH4 + -N higher than 97% and that of chemical oxygen demand (determined by K2 Cr2 O7 , CODCr ) higher than 86%. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprints based on total community 16S rRNA genes were analyzed with statistical methods, and excised DNA bands were sequenced. The results of phylogenetic analyses revealed high diversity within the SBBR biofilm community, and DGGE banding patterns showed that the community structure in the biofilm remained stable during the running period.
Conclusions: A coexistence of nitrifiers, including ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, denitrifiers, including aerobic or anaerobic denitrifying bacteria and Anammox bacteria were detected, which might be the real matter of high removal efficiencies of NH4 + -N and CODCr in the reactor.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The findings in this study indicated that PCR-DGGE analysis could be used for microbial community detection as prior method, and the SBBR technique could provide preferable growing environment for bacteria with N removal function. 相似文献
Methods and Results: The total microbial DNA was extracted from samples collected from landfill leachate and biofilm of the reactor with the removal efficiencies of NH
Conclusions: A coexistence of nitrifiers, including ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, denitrifiers, including aerobic or anaerobic denitrifying bacteria and Anammox bacteria were detected, which might be the real matter of high removal efficiencies of NH
Significance and Impact of the Study: The findings in this study indicated that PCR-DGGE analysis could be used for microbial community detection as prior method, and the SBBR technique could provide preferable growing environment for bacteria with N removal function. 相似文献
90.
A main problem in the vegetative propagation of ornamental plants in vitro is the epigenetic instability of cells removed from their organized environment. With calluses of leaf explants of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana Poelln., cv. Yucatan, the role of plant growth regulators (PGRs) in the occurrence of fasciation was studied.In various combinations of auxins and cytokinins, the auxin 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) gave only deformed, inseparable shoot primordia. The most rapid callus induction with regeneration of well-developed sprouts was obtained with the natural IAA (indoleacetic acid) and Z (zeatin).As a first symptom of fasciation, aberration in decussate phyllotaxis can be observed. At increasing concentrations of IAA + Z, this symptom gradually decreased but fasciation proper increased. The optimum concentration was at 1 M for both PGRs. Reduction of exposure to the PGRs from six to three weeks reduced the epigenetic instability. 相似文献