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191.
Kilian Dill Sungho Hu Murugan Sutharchanadevi Alan R. Katritzky 《Journal of Protein Chemistry》1988,7(4):341-348
The environment of the N-terminal amino groups of glycophorins AM and AN has been studied using13C-NMR spectroscopy and pyrylium salts as amino-blocking agents. The extent of amino blocking was monitored by13C-reductive methylation of the residual free amino groups. The pyrylium ions reacted with the N-terminal amino groups of the two glycophorins at almost identical rates, which is thought to indicate that the overriding steric bulk of the pyrylium salt may determine the rate of the reaction. The difference in the rates of modification of lysine residues of glycophorins AM and AN by the pyrylium ions did indicate that there may exist an environmental difference around the lysine residues between the two glycophorins. This environmental difference may result from solution aggregation of the glycophorin A molecules or from some differences in the pKa values of the five lysine residues found in glycophorins AM and AN. 相似文献
192.
Raghul Murugan Ravi Rajesh Manikandan Velayutham Annie Juliet Pushparathinam Gopinath Jesu Arockiaraj 《Cell biology international》2023,47(1):123-134
Aminoglycoside antibiotics such as gentamicin are used frequently to treat bacterial infections in humans. Excessive consumption of these antibiotics lead to renal dysfunction. One of the factors contributing to renal dysfunction is oxidative damage, which causes apoptosis. Hence, this study investigates the effect of the antioxidant compound deacetyl epoxyazadiradione (DEA) in reducing cell death induced by gentamicin treatment in kidney cells (Madin–Darby canine kidney cells). The antioxidant experiments showed that reactive oxygen species level is decreased up to 27.06 ± 0.18% in 150 µM of DEA treatment. At this concentration, the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase increased from 0.4 ± 0.04 to 1.46 ± 0.05 µmol/min/L and catalase increased from 7.48 ± 0.39 to 17.6 ± 0.74 U/mg. The relative folds of gene expression of mitochondrial enzymes such as GST, GPx and GR restored from 0.596 ± 0.019, 0.521 ± 0.013 and 0.775 ± 0.014 to 0.866 ± 0.013, 0.669 ± 0.015 and 0.8615 ± 0.028, respectively. Consequently, the percentage of cell viability increases upto 91.8 ± 2.01 from 61.93 ± 1.63 with much less fragmentation in genomic DNA. Additionally, molecular docking results showed that DEA could bind to Bax, Bcl- 2, Caspase- 3 and Caspase- 9 proteins. These results indicate that DEA could reduce cell apoptosis by reducing oxidative stress due to antibiotics and interrupting the apoptotic signal pathway in kidney cells. 相似文献
193.
194.
Changes in Soil Microbial Biomass and Residual Indices as Ecological Indicators of Land Use Change in Temperate Permanent Grassland 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rajasekaran Murugan Ralf Loges Friedhelm Taube André Sradnick Rainer Georg Joergensen 《Microbial ecology》2014,67(4):907-918
The relationship between microbial biomass, residues and their contribution to microbial turnover is important to understand ecosystem C storage. The effects of permanent grassland (100 % ryegrass—PG), conversion to modified grassland (mixture of grass and clover—MG) or maize monoculture (MM) on the dynamics of soil organic C (SOC), microbial biomass, fungal ergosterol and microbial residues (bacterial muramic acid and fungal glucosamine) were investigated. Cattle slurry was applied to quantify the effects of fertilisation on microbial residues and functional diversity of microbial community across land use types. Slurry application significantly increased the stocks of microbial biomass C and S and especially led to a shift in microbial residues towards bacterial tissue. The MM treatment decreased the stocks of SOC, microbial biomass C, N and S and microbial residues compared with the PG and MG treatments at 0–40 cm depth. The MM treatment led to a greater accumulation of saprotrophic fungi, as indicated by the higher ergosterol-to-microbial biomass C ratio and lower microbial biomass C/S ratio compared with the grassland treatments. The absence of a white clover population in the PG treatment caused a greater accumulation of fungal residues (presumably arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which do not contain ergosterol but glucosamine), as indicated by the significantly higher fungal C-to-bacterial C ratio and lower ergosterol-to-microbial biomass C ratio compared with the MG treatment. In addition to these microbial biomass and residual indices, the community level physiological profiles (CLPP) demonstrated distinct differences between the PG and MG treatments, suggesting the potential of these measurements to act as an integrative indicator of soil functioning. 相似文献
195.
196.
B. S. Sandeep T. C. Kishor Mohan K. Murugan 《Journal of plant biochemistry and biotechnology.》2014,23(2):221-224
Polygalacturonase-3 was isolated and purified to homogeneity from palmyrah palm (Borassus flabellifer L.) fruit using Con A-Sepharose affinity column. The purified enzyme migrated as a single band on native and SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 66 kDa by size elution chromatography. Optimum polygalacturonase activity as a function of pH and temperature was determined using polygalacturonic acid as substrate. Optimum pH and temperature values ranged between the pH?4.0–5.0 and temperature 30–40 °C. At the optimum pH and temperature, the Km and Vmax values were determined by Lineweaver–Burk method. The value Km (0.33 mM) reveals that polygalacturonase has significant reactivity towards polygalacturonic acid. The enzyme showed varied responses towards divalent and monovalent metal ions. Ca2+ activated the polygalacturonase-3 enzyme protein. Both teepol and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide inhibited polygalacturonase-3 activity by 44 %, while 2-mercaptoethanol stimulated the enzyme marginally. 相似文献
197.
K. Muthuchelian C. Murugan R. Harigovindan N. Nedunchezhian G. Kulandaivelu 《Biologia Plantarum》1996,38(1):133-136
Erythrina variegata Lam. seedlings were grown under low (100 mM NaCl) and high (250 mM NaCl) salinity. Seedlings exposed to high salinity for
10 d showed significant reduction in growth rate and biomass production while the root/shoot ratio increased. In contrast
to pigment and protein contents, starch and saccharide contents increased in salt stressed seedlings. When the seedlings were
subsequently sprayed with triacontanol (1 mg kg-1) the salinity effect was partially ameliorated and growth, biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents increased. 相似文献
198.
Transdifferentiation of human gingival mesenchymal stem cells into functional keratinocytes by Acalypha indica in three‐dimensional microenvironment 下载免费PDF全文
Dinesh Murugan Girija Mangathayaru Kalachaveedu Suresh Ranga Rao Rajasekaran Subbarayan 《Journal of cellular physiology》2018,233(11):8450-8457
Gingival tissue is reportedly a promising, easily accessible, abundant resource of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for use in various tissue engineering strategies. Human gingival MSC (HGMSCs) were successfully isolated from gingival tissue and characterized. To analyze in a two‐dimensional form, HGMSCs were cultured with basal medium and induced with 25 µg/ml of Acalypha indica. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot analysis showed the presence of keratinocyte‐specific markers, including cytokeratin‐5 and involucrin. To further assess its capability for stratification akin to human keratinocytes, HGMSCs were encapsulated in a HyStem®‐HP Cell Culture Scaffold Kit and cultured in the presence of A. indica. Calcein AM staining indicated that the HyStem®‐HP Scaffold Kit has excellent biocompatibility. Immunofluorescence and qPCR analysis revealed the presence of keratinocyte‐specific markers. The study concluded that the three‐dimensional microenvironment is a novel method for inducing epidermal differentiation of HGMSCs to engineer epidermal substitutes with the help of A. indica, which provides an alternative strategy for skin tissue engineering. 相似文献
199.
Chuka Okoli Selvaraj Sengottaiyan N. Arul Murugan Asalapuram R. Pavankumar Hans Ågren Gunaratna Kuttuva Rajarao 《Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics》2013,31(10):1182-1190
The design of novel protein–nanoparticle hybrid systems has applications in many fields of science ranging from biomedicine, catalysis, water treatment, etc. The main barrier in devising such tool is lack of adequate information or poor understanding of protein–ligand chemistry. Here, we establish a new strategy based on computational modeling for protein and precursor linkers that can decorate the nanoparticles. Moringa oleifera (MO2.1) seed protein that has coagulation and antimicrobial properties was used. Superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPION) with precursor ligands were used for the protein–ligand interaction studies. The molecular docking studies reveal that there are two binding sites, one is located at the core binding site; tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) or 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTES) binds to this site while the other one is located at the side chain residues where trisodium citrate (TSC) or Si60 binds to this site. The protein–ligand distance profile analysis explains the differences in functional activity of the decorated SPION. Experimentally, TSC-coated nanoparticles showed higher coagulation activity as compared to TEOS- and APTES-coated SPION. To our knowledge, this is the first report on in vitro experimental data, which endorses the computational modeling studies as a powerful tool to design novel precursors for functionalization of nanomaterials; and develop interface hybrid systems for various applications. 相似文献
200.
Palanisamy Divyalakshmi Devaraj Murugan Chockalingam Lajapathi Rai 《Biotechnology letters》2017,39(12):1883-1888