全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3342篇 |
免费 | 195篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
3541篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 49篇 |
2021年 | 66篇 |
2020年 | 46篇 |
2019年 | 68篇 |
2018年 | 111篇 |
2017年 | 70篇 |
2016年 | 137篇 |
2015年 | 191篇 |
2014年 | 218篇 |
2013年 | 243篇 |
2012年 | 303篇 |
2011年 | 273篇 |
2010年 | 189篇 |
2009年 | 182篇 |
2008年 | 219篇 |
2007年 | 189篇 |
2006年 | 135篇 |
2005年 | 141篇 |
2004年 | 112篇 |
2003年 | 109篇 |
2002年 | 82篇 |
2001年 | 72篇 |
2000年 | 82篇 |
1999年 | 53篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 11篇 |
1995年 | 12篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有3541条查询结果,搜索用时 16 毫秒
81.
Byung Hoon Jo Im Gyu Kim Jeong Hyun Seo Dong Gyun Kang Hyung Joon Cha 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2013,79(21):6697-6705
Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that reversibly catalyzes the hydration of carbon dioxide (CO2). It has been suggested recently that this remarkably fast enzyme can be used for sequestration of CO2, a major greenhouse gas, making this a promising alternative for chemical CO2 mitigation. To promote the economical use of enzymes, we engineered the carbonic anhydrase from Neisseria gonorrhoeae (ngCA) in the periplasm of Escherichia coli, thereby creating a bacterial whole-cell catalyst. We then investigated the application of this system to CO2 sequestration by mineral carbonation, a process with the potential to store large quantities of CO2. ngCA was highly expressed in the periplasm of E. coli in a soluble form, and the recombinant bacterial cell displayed the distinct ability to hydrate CO2 compared with its cytoplasmic ngCA counterpart and previously reported whole-cell CA systems. The expression of ngCA in the periplasm of E. coli greatly accelerated the rate of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) formation and exerted a striking impact on the maximal amount of CaCO3 produced under conditions of relatively low pH. It was also shown that the thermal stability of the periplasmic enzyme was significantly improved. These results demonstrate that the engineered bacterial cell with periplasmic ngCA can successfully serve as an efficient biocatalyst for CO2 sequestration. 相似文献
82.
Eun-Mi Kim Joo-Hyun Seo Juhan Kim Jun-Seong Park Duck-Hee Kim Byung-Gee Kim 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2013,97(18):8031-8039
Using enrichment culture, Sphingobacterium multivorum GIN723 (KCCM80060) was isolated as having activity for deglycosylation of compound K and ginsenoside F1 to produce ginsenoside aglycons such as S-protopanaxadiol (PPD(S)) and S-protopanaxatriol (PPT(S)). Through BLAST search, purified enzyme from S. multivorum GIN723 was revealed to be the outer membrane protein. The purified enzyme from S. multivorum GIN723 has unique specificity for the glucose moiety. However, it has activity with PPD and PPT group ginsenosides such as ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, F2, CK, Rh2, Re, and F1. From these results, it was predicted that the enzyme has activity on several ginsenosides. Therefore, the biotransformation pathway from Rb1, which is a major, highly glycosylated compound of ginseng, was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. The dominant biotransformation pathway from Rb1 to PPD(S) was determined to be Rb1 → Gp-XVII → Gp-LXXV → CK → PPD(S). S. multivorum GIN723 can be used as a whole cell biocatalyst because its activity as whole cells is nine times higher than its activity as cell extracts. The specific activity of whole cells is 2.89 nmol/mg/min in the production of PPD(S). On the other hand, the specific activity of cell extracts is 0.32 nmol/mg/min. The productivity of this enzyme in whole cell form is 500 mg/1 l of cultured cell. Its optimum reaction condition is 10 mM of calcium ions added to a phosphate buffer with a pH of 8.5. 相似文献
83.
84.
Hiroyuki Nishimura Hiromasa Hasegawa Akira Seo Hidenori Nakano Junya Mizutani 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(11):2397-2398
A monohalomethane-producing enzyme, S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent halide ion methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.-) was purified from the marine microalga Pavlova pinguis by two anion exchange, hydroxyapatite and gel filtration chromatographies. The methyltransferase was a monomeric molecule having a molecular weight of 29,000. The enzyme had an isoelectric point at 5.3, and was optimally active at pH 8.0. The Km for iodide and SAM were 12 mM and 12 μM, respectively, which were measured using a partially purified enzyme. Various metal ions had no significant effect on methyl iodide production, suggesting that the enzyme does not require metal ions. The enzyme reaction strictly depended on SAM as a methyl donor, and the enzyme catalyzed methylation of the I-,Br-, and Cl- to corresponding monohalomethanes and of bisulfide to methyl mercaptan. 相似文献
85.
Jun Hyung Seo Hyo Geun Bae Da Hee Park Beom Seok Kim Jong Wook Lee Jung In Lee Dong Hyun Kim Seok Won Lee Bong Bo Seo 《Genes & genomics.》2013,35(1):117-124
Numerous studies on Oenothera species have been investigated for the physiological and ecological characteristics. However, no such an information based on molecular cytogenetic has yet been introduced, in turn, is very essential for identifying sequence polymorphisms of rRNA genes with their loci on mitotic phases for further biological researches. In this study, sequence variations of rRNA genes in Oenothera odorata and O. laciniata were examined to identify informative factors as unique or repeat sequences in intra- and inter-specific variations. Intra-specific variation revealed that the sequences of the rRNA genes including the spacer regions were highly conserved revealing only a few variations. From the inter-specific variation, spacer regions of species were completely different as (1) non-homologous sequences in NTS and (2) different type repeat sequences in ITS 1, 2 and 5.8S rRNA, whereas the remaining coding regions were highly conserved. FISH was carried out on mitotic phases using the 5S rDNA of the analyzed sequences. From the interphase and metaphase chromosomes of the examined species, two loci of 5S rDNA in O. odorata and four loci in O. laciniata were confirmed on the telomeric region of the short arm. Due to the small size and unclear centromere of the chromosomes, karyotype could not be completed. However, we confirmed that the chromosomes are organized by meta- and acrocentric chromosomes and the chromosomes with identified loci were assumed to be paired by the location of loci at the telomeric region on the short arm with relative lengths. 相似文献
86.
87.
88.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with a higher risk of morbidity and/or mortality for various chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of MetS and its components with olfactory dysfunction in a representative Korean population. We analyzed the data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008–2010). A total of 11,609 adults who underwent otolaryngological examination were evaluated. The olfactory function was classified as normosmia or hyposmia by a self-report questionnaire according to the sense problems of smell during the past 3 months. MetS was diagnosed if a participant had at least three of the following: (1) WC ≥90 cm in men and ≥80 cm in women; (2) fasting blood sugar ≥ 100 mg/dL or medication use for elevated glucose; (3) fasting triglyceride ≥ 150 mg/dL or cholesterol-lowering medication use; (4) HDL-cholesterol <40 mg/dL in men and <50 mg/dL in women or cholesterol-lowering medication use; and (5) SBP ≥ 130 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 85 mmHg or antihypertensive drug use for patients with a history of hypertension. The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in the study population was 6.3%. The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction was significantly higher in older people with MetS than in those without MetS in both sexes (male, 42.0 ± 3.4% vs. 34.7 ± 0.9%, p = 0.0354; female, 46.2 ± 2.8% vs. 37.8 ± 0.8%, p = 0.0026). However, elevated waist circumference, elevated fasting glucose, elevated triglycerides, reduced HDL cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, severe stress, depressed mood, and suicidal ideation were significantly associated with olfactory dysfunction only in women. After controlling for confounders, olfactory dysfunction was significantly associated with MetS (odds ratio, 1.352; 95% confidence interval, 1.005–1.820) only in women. MetS are associated with olfactory dysfunction only in Korean women. 相似文献
89.
Joonbae Seo Natalia N. Singh Eric W. Ottesen Senthilkumar Sivanesan Maria Shishimorova Ravindra N. Singh 《PloS one》2016,11(4)
Humans carry two nearly identical copies of Survival Motor Neuron gene: SMN1 and SMN2. Loss of SMN1 leads to spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), the most frequent genetic cause of infant mortality. While SMN2 cannot compensate for the loss of SMN1 due to predominant skipping of exon 7, correction of SMN2 exon 7 splicing holds the promise of a cure for SMA. Previously, we used cell-based models coupled with a multi-exon-skipping detection assay (MESDA) to demonstrate the vulnerability of SMN2 exons to aberrant splicing under the conditions of oxidative stress (OS). Here we employ a transgenic mouse model and MESDA to examine the OS-induced splicing regulation of SMN2 exons. We induced OS using paraquat that is known to trigger production of reactive oxygen species and cause mitochondrial dysfunction. We show an overwhelming co-skipping of SMN2 exon 5 and exon 7 under OS in all tissues except testis. We also show that OS increases skipping of SMN2 exon 3 in all tissues except testis. We uncover several new SMN2 splice isoforms expressed at elevated levels under the conditions of OS. We analyze cis-elements and transacting factors to demonstrate the diversity of mechanisms for splicing misregulation under OS. Our results of proteome analysis reveal downregulation of hnRNP H as one of the potential consequences of OS in brain. Our findings suggest SMN2 as a sensor of OS with implications to SMA and other diseases impacted by low levels of SMN protein. 相似文献
90.
Moonkyung Ko Jung Hyun Cho Hyo-Hyoun Seo Hyun-Hwa Lee Ha-Young Kang Thai Son Nguyen Hyun Cheol Soh Young Soon Kim Jeong-Il Kim 《Planta》2016,244(2):379-392