Industrial attributes of β-glucanase produced by Bacillus sp. CSB55 and its potential application as bio-industrial catalyst

Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - The β-glucanase produced from Bacillus sp. CSB55 not only depicts the potent industrial characteristics but also relates as bio-industrial catalyst...     

Correction to: Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

Virologica Sinica - The corrected legend is given below.     

绵马贯众多糖超声提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性分析

绵马贯众是中国传统常用中药,本研究以温度、时间、超声功率、液料比为影响因子,多糖得率为评价指标,通过响应面法优化超声辅助提取绵马贯众多糖的工艺条件,同时测定其基本理化性质及抗氧化活性。研究结果表明,绵马贯众多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为:温度64℃、时间60 min、超声功率210 W、液料比27 mL/g。此时多糖得率为9.57%,与预测值接近。理化性质分析表明绵马贯众多糖为含少量蛋白的酸性多糖。体外抗氧化研究表明绵马贯众多糖具有很强的DPPH自由基清除活性,IC50值为0.29 mg/mL;较好的羟基自由基清除活性,其IC50值为1.10 mg/mL;对DNA的氧化损伤有显著的保护作用。绵马贯众多糖可以作为一种潜在的抗氧化剂应用于食品和化妆品等领域。     

Base excision repair but not DNA double‐strand break repair is impaired in aged human adipose‐derived stem cells

The decline in DNA repair capacity contributes to the age‐associated decrease in genome integrity in somatic cells of different species. However, due to the lack of clinical samples and appropriate tools for studying DNA repair, whether and how age‐associated changes in DNA repair result in a loss of genome integrity of human adult stem cells remains incompletely characterized. Here, we isolated 20 eyelid adipose‐derived stem cell (ADSC) lines from healthy individuals (young: 10 donors with ages ranging 17–25 years; old: 10 donors with ages ranging 50–59 years). Using these cell lines, we systematically compared the efficiency of base excision repair (BER) and two DNA double‐strand break (DSB) repair pathways—nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR)—between the young and old groups. Surprisingly, we found that the efficiency of BER but not NHEJ or HR is impaired in aged human ADSCs, which is in contrast to previous findings that DSB repair declines with age in human fibroblasts. We also demonstrated that BER efficiency is negatively associated with tail moment, which reflects a loss of genome integrity in human ADSCs. Mechanistic studies indicated that at the protein level XRCC1, but not other BER factors, exhibited age‐associated decline. Overexpression of XRCC1 reversed the decline of BER efficiency and genome integrity, indicating that XRCC1 is a potential therapeutic target for stabilizing genomes in aged ADSCs.     

Structure and Properties of Organogels Developed by Diosgenin in Canola Oil

Food Biophysics - In this study, naturally occurring ingredient diosgenin was utilized as an organogelator for structuring canola oil. Results show that stable diosgenin-based organogel can be...     

Structural and sequence comparisons of bacterial enoyl-CoA isomerase and enoyl-CoA hydratase

Crystal structures of enoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) isomerase from Bosea sp. PAMC 26642 (BoECI) and enoyl-CoA hydratase from Hymenobacter sp. PAMC 26628 (HyECH) were determined at 2.35 and 2.70 Å resolution, respectively. BoECI and HyECH are members of the crotonase superfamily and are enzymes known to be involved in fatty acid degradation. Structurally, these enzymes are highly similar except for the orientation of their C-terminal helix domain. Analytical ultracentrifugation was performed to determine the oligomerization states of BoECI and HyECH revealing they exist as trimers in solution. However, their putative ligand-binding sites and active site residue compositions are dissimilar. Comparative sequence and structural analysis revealed that the active site of BoECI had one glutamate residue (Glu135), this site is occupied by an aspartate in some ECIs, and the active sites of HyECH had two highly conserved glutamate residues (Glu118 and Glu138). Moreover, HyECH possesses a salt bridge interaction between Glu98 and Arg152 near the active site. This interaction may allow the catalytic Glu118 residue to have a specific conformation for the ECH enzyme reaction. This salt bridge interaction is highly conserved in known bacterial ECH structures and ECI enzymes do not have this type of interaction. Collectively, our comparative sequential and structural studies have provided useful information to distinguish and classify two similar bacterial crotonase superfamily enzymes.     

Sequence analysis of the first B5 subgenogroup strain of enterovirus 71 isolated in Korea

Journal of Microbiology - Enterovirus A71 (EV71), the main etiological agent of handfoot- mouth disease (HFMD), circulates in many areas of the world and has caused large epidemics since 1997,...     

Effects of Temperature on Transcriptome Profiles in Cardiocrinum cathayanum Leaves

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology - Cardiocrinum cathayanum (Endl.) Lindl. (Liliaceae) is a promising species for ornamental and pharmaceutical usage. However, genomic responses of C. cathayanum...