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991.
Sangmin Jeon Mithilesh Kumar Jha Jiyeon Ock Jungwan Seo Myungwon Jin Heejung Cho Won-Ha Lee Kyoungho Suk 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2013,288(33):24116-24127
Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), which is also known as 24p3 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), binds small, hydrophobic ligands and interacts with cell surface receptor 24p3R to regulate diverse cellular processes. In the present study, we examined the role of LCN2 in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain using a mouse model of spared nerve injury (SNI). Lcn2 mRNA levels were significantly increased in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord after SNI, and LCN2 protein was mainly localized in neurons of the dorsal and ventral horns. LCN2 receptor 24p3R was expressed in spinal neurons and microglia after SNI. Lcn2-deficient mice exhibited significantly less mechanical pain hypersensitivity during the early phase after SNI, and an intrathecal injection of recombinant LCN2 protein elicited mechanical pain hypersensitivity in naive animals. Lcn2 deficiency, however, did not affect acute nociceptive pain. Lcn2-deficient mice showed significantly less microglial activation and proalgesic chemokine (CCL2 and CXCL1) production in the spinal cord after SNI than wild-type mice, and recombinant LCN2 protein induced the expression of these chemokines in cultured neurons. Furthermore, the expression of LCN2 and its receptor was detected in neutrophils and macrophages in the sciatic nerve following SNI, suggesting the potential role of peripheral LCN2 in neuropathic pain. Taken together, our results indicate that LCN2 plays a critical role in the development of pain hypersensitivity following peripheral nerve injury and suggest that LCN2 mediates neuropathic pain by inducing chemokine expression and subsequent microglial activation. 相似文献
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994.
Ki Chan Kim Pitna Kim Hyo Sang Go Chang Soon Choi Jin Hee Park Hee Jin Kim Se Jin Jeon Ike Campomayor dela Pena Seol‐Heui Han Jae Hoon Cheong Jong Hoon Ryu Chan Young Shin 《Journal of neurochemistry》2013,124(6):832-843
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by three main behavioral symptoms including social deficits, impaired communication, and stereotyped and repetitive behaviors. ASD prevalence shows gender bias to male. Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA), a drug used in epilepsy and bipolar disorder, induces autistic symptoms in both human and rodents. As we reported previously, prenatally VPA‐exposed animals at E12 showed impairment in social behavior without any overt reproductive toxicity. Social interactions were not significantly different between male and female rats in control condition. However, VPA‐exposed male offspring showed significantly impaired social interaction while female offspring showed only marginal deficits in social interaction. Similar male inclination was observed in hyperactivity behavior induced by VPA. In addition to the ASD‐like behavioral phenotype, prenatally VPA‐exposed rat offspring shows crooked tail phenotype, which was not different between male and female groups. Both male and female rat showed reduced GABAergic neuronal marker GAD and increased glutamatergic neuronal marker vGluT1 expression. Interestingly, despite of the similar increased expression of vGluT1, post‐synaptic marker proteins such as PSD‐95 and α‐CAMKII expression was significantly elevated only in male offspring. Electron microscopy showed increased number of post‐synapse in male but not in female at 4 weeks of age. These results might suggest that the altered glutamatergic neuronal differentiation leads to deranged post‐synaptic maturation only in male offspring prenatally exposed to VPA. Consistent with the increased post‐synaptic compartment, VPA‐exposed male rats showed higher sensitivity to electric shock than VPA‐exposed female rats. These results suggest that prenatally VPA‐exposed rats show the male preponderance of ASD‐like behaviors including defective social interaction similar to human autistic patients, which might be caused by ectopic increase in glutamatergic synapses in male rats. 相似文献
995.
Sang Hyeon Jeong Jong Hoon Lee Ji Young Jung Se Hee Lee Moon Su Park Che Ok Jeon 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2013,103(3):503-512
Two moderately halophilic, facultatively aerobic, motile bacteria with flagella, designated strains 10-C-3T and 30-C-3, were isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Cells of the strains were observed to be ovoid-rods showing catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions and production of creamy-pink pigments. Growth of strain 10-C-3T was observed at 15–35 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 5.5–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5), and in the presence of 3–15 % (w/v) salts (optimum: 5–10 %). The two strains were found to contain C18:1 ω7c, C16:0, summed feature 3 (as defined by the MIDI system, comprising C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), and C12:0 3-OH as the major cellular fatty acids. The G+C contents of the genomic DNA of strains 10-C-3T and 30-C-3 were determined to be 63.2 and 63.1 mol%, respectively and the respiratory quinone detected was ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) only. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strains 10-C-3Tand 30-C-3 formed a distinct phyletic lineage within the genus Halomonas and are most closely related to Halomonas fontilapidosi 5CRT with 95.2 % of 16S rRNA sequence similarity. Strains 10-C-3Tand 30-C-3 shared 99.2 % of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and their DNA–DNA relatedness value was 96.6 ± 0.9 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular features, strains 10-C-3Tand 30-C-3 represent a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas cibimaris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 10-C-3T (= KACC 14932T = JCM 16914T). 相似文献
996.
Do-Won Jeong Hye-Rim Kim Seulhwa Han Che Ok Jeon Jong-Hoon Lee 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2013,104(6):1049-1062
Twelve isolates from jeotgal, a Korean high-salt-fermented seafood, identified as Staphylococcus equorum were compared by phenotypic and genotypic methods to determine their precise taxonomic identities at the subspecies level. Four strains and three strains had complete 16S rRNA gene sequence matches with S. equorum subsp. equorum DSM 20674T and S. equorum subsp. linens DSM 15097T, respectively. Five strains showed 99.9 % identity with the sequences of both type strains. In our DNA–DNA hybridization analyses among two type strains and two isolates, the similarities were over 72 % and were higher than the similarities presented at the subspecies proposal. Physiological characteristics such as sugar utilization, β-galactosidase activity, novobiocin resistance and salt tolerance, which were adopted for subspecies separation, could not be applied to assign the isolates to a taxonomic unit. Antibiotic susceptibility, hemolytic activity, biofilm formation and protein profiles did not present markers to divide the isolates into either of the subspecies. Multilocus sequence typing of the sequences of the 16S rRNA gene and five housekeeping genes did not produce any coherent relationship among the isolates and type strains. Repetitive element-PCR fingerprinting using ERIC (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus) primers classified 12 isolates to three genotypes, and the genotypes of both type strains coincided with two isolates expressing different characteristics. Based on these phenotypic and genotypic analyses results, we propose to unify the present two subspecies of S. equorum into one species, S. equorum. 相似文献
997.
The senescent endothelial cells show various phenotypes which can increase the incidence of inflammatory cardiovascular diseases, but the fundamental basis for such phenotypic changes of senescing cells remains to be elucidated. This study was undertaken to find transmembrane receptors that might be highly expressed in senescent endothelial cells and play a key role in cell death signal transduction. Comparison of mRNA expression in young and senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells, using a cDNA microarray method, provided a list of transmembrane receptors including the FAS receptor (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6) whose expression levels were significantly increased by cellular senescence. Additional studies focused on FAS demonstrated that a high expression of FAS receptor in senescent endothelial cells is responsible for the susceptibility to apoptotic cell death, as the siRNA-mediated suppression of FAS expression in senescent cells prevented the cell death, and overexpression of exogenous FAS in young cells increased cell death. We also verified that FAS expression level was closely associated with the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 involved in apoptosis. The senescence-induced transmembrane receptors including the FAS receptor may provide novel therapeutic targets to prevent cardiovascular diseases. 相似文献
998.
Taenia solium, T. saginata, and T. asiatica are taeniid tapeworms that cause taeniasis in humans and cysticercosis in intermediate host animals. Taeniases remain an important public health concerns in the world. Molecular diagnostic methods using PCR assays have been developed for rapid and accurate detection of human infecting taeniid tapeworms, including the use of sequence-specific DNA probes, PCR-RFLP, and multiplex PCR. More recently, DNA diagnosis using PCR based on histopathological specimens such as 10% formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded and stained sections mounted on slides has been applied to cestode infections. The mitochondrial gene sequence is believed to be a very useful molecular marker for not only studying evolutionary relationships among distantly related taxa, but also for investigating the phylo-biogeography of closely related species. The complete sequence of the human Taenia tapeworms mitochondrial genomes were determined, and its organization and structure were compared to other human-tropic Taenia tapeworms for which complete mitochondrial sequence data were available. The multiplex PCR assay with the Ta4978F, Ts5058F, Tso7421F, and Rev7915 primers will be useful for differential diagnosis, molecular characterization, and epidemiological surveys of human Taenia tapeworms. 相似文献
999.
Hyesung Jeon Yong‐Mei Jin Mi Hwa Choi Hyeyun Lee Minkyun Kim 《Physiologia plantarum》2013,147(2):218-233
The nature and importance of the DNA repair system in the chloroplasts of higher plants under oxidative stress or UV radiation‐induced genotoxicity was investigated via gain‐of‐functional approaches exploiting bacterial RecAs. For this purpose, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants and cell suspensions overexpressing Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa RecA fused to a chloroplast‐targeting transit peptide were first produced. The transgenic tobacco plants maintained higher amounts of chloroplast DNA compared with wild‐type (WT) upon treatments with methyl viologen (MV), a herbicide that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in chloroplasts. Consistent with these results, the transgenic tobacco leaves showed less bleaching than WT following MV exposure. Similarly, the MV‐treated transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the chloroplast RecA homologue RECA1 showed weak bleaching, while the recA1 mutant showed opposite results upon MV treatment. In addition, when exposed to UV‐C radiation, the dark‐grown E. coli RecA‐overexpressing transgenic tobacco cell suspensions, but not their WT counterparts, resumed growth and greening after the recovery period under light conditions. Measurements of UV radiation‐induced chloroplast DNA damage using DraI assays (Harlow et al. 1994) with the chloroplast rbcL DNA probe and quantitative PCR analyses showed that the transgenic cell suspensions better repaired their UV‐C radiation‐induced chloroplast DNA lesions compared with WT. Taken all together, it was concluded that RecA‐overexpressing transgenic plants are endowed with an increased chloroplast DNA maintenance capacity and enhanced repair activities, and consequently have a higher survival tolerance to genotoxic stresses. These observations are made possible by the functional compatibility of the bacterial RecAs in chloroplasts. 相似文献
1000.
Ginnae Ahn So Jin Bing Sung-Myung Kang Won-Woo Lee Seung-Hong Lee Hiroshi Matsuda Akane Tanaka Ik-Hyun Cho You-Jin Jeon Youngheun Jee 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2013