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排序方式: 共有412条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
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63.
Brender JR Dürr UH Heyl D Budarapu MB Ramamoorthy A 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2007,1768(9):2026-2029
A key factor in the development of Type II diabetes is the loss of insulin producing pancreatic beta-cells. The amyloidogenic human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (hIAPP also known as human amylin) is believed to play a crucial role in this biological process. Previous studies have shown that hIAPP forms small aggregates that kill beta-cells by disrupting the cellular membrane. In this study, we report membrane fragmentation by hIAPP using solid-state NMR experiments on nanotube arrays of anodic aluminum oxide containing aligned phospholipid membranes. In a narrow concentration range of hIAPP, an isotropic (31)P chemical shift signal indicative of the peptide-induced membrane fragmentation was detected. Solid-state NMR results suggest that membrane fragmentation is related to peptide aggregation as the presence of Congo Red, an inhibitor of amyloid formation, prevented membrane fragmentation and the non-amyloidogenic rat-IAPP did not cause membrane fragmentation. The disappearance of membrane fragmentation at higher concentrations of hIAPP suggests an alternate kinetic pathway to fibril formation in which membrane fragmentation is inhibited. 相似文献
64.
Most of the plant mitochondrial (mt) genomes that have been mapped are believed to be organized as master circle molecules
from which sub-genomic molecules arise through homologous recombination. We have evidence to suggest that a major part of
the rice mt genome is organized as independent, sub-genomic molecules or mt chromosomes, one of which has already been mapped.
This study is aimed at the identification of the other molecular entities that comprise the genome.
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the native rice mt DNA and Southern analysis with different mt gene probes have shown
that in addition to the 117 kb mt chromosome, at least four more such molecules of sizes 130 kb, 95 kb, 70 kb and 56 kb account
for most of the rice mt genome. A majority of the rice mt genes that encode products involved in oxidative phosphorylation
are distributed among these five chromosomes. Partial restriction map of the 95 kborf 25/cox 3 chromosome, indicating the sites for the enzymesBglII andHindIII has also been determined. 相似文献
65.
AtCHX13 is a plasma membrane K+ transporter 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhao J Cheng NH Motes CM Blancaflor EB Moore M Gonzales N Padmanaban S Sze H Ward JM Hirschi KD 《Plant physiology》2008,148(2):796-807
Potassium (K+) homeostasis is essential for diverse cellular processes, although how various cation transporters collaborate to maintain a suitable K+ required for growth and development is poorly understood. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome contains numerous cation:proton antiporters (CHX), which may mediate K+ transport; however, the vast majority of these transporters remain uncharacterized. Here, we show that AtCHX13 (At2g30240) has a role in K+ acquisition. AtCHX13 suppressed the sensitivity of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutant cells defective in K+ uptake. Uptake experiments using (86)Rb+ as a tracer for K+ demonstrated that AtCHX13 mediated high-affinity K+ uptake in yeast and in plant cells with a K(m) of 136 and 196 microm, respectively. Functional green fluorescent protein-tagged versions localized to the plasma membrane of both yeast and plant. Seedlings of null chx13 mutants were sensitive to K+ deficiency conditions, whereas overexpression of AtCHX13 reduced the sensitivity to K+ deficiency. Collectively, these results suggest that AtCHX13 mediates relatively high-affinity K+ uptake, although the mode of transport is unclear at present. AtCHX13 expression is induced in roots during K+-deficient conditions. These results indicate that one role of AtCHX13 is to promote K+ uptake into plants when K+ is limiting in the environment. 相似文献
66.
Annadurai Senthilkumar Krishnan Kannathasan Venugopalan Venkatesalu 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(7):1297-1300
The antibacterial activity of the leaf essential oil of Blumea mollis was assayed against 14 clinically isolated bacterial strains on Muller–Hinton Agar medium and Muller–Hinton Agar medium with
5% sheep blood. The essential oil had promising antibacterial activity against all the bacterial strains tested. The highest
mean zone of inhibition and lowest values of minimum inhibitory concentration were recorded against methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus followed by beta hemolytic Streptococcus pyogenes. The Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive than Gram-negative bacteria. Among the bacterial strains tested, Psudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to the essential oil. The results of the present study suggest that the essential oil of B. mollis is one of the new medicinal resources as an antibacterial agent against the bacterial strains tested. 相似文献
67.
Dharmarajan Sriram Perumal Yogeeswari Prathiba Dhakla Palaniappan Senthilkumar Debjani Banerjee Thimmappa H. Manjashetty 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2009,19(4):1152-1154
Eighteen 5-nitrofuran-2-yl derivatives were prepared by reacting 5-nitro-2-furfural with various (sub)phenyl/pyridyl thiosemicarbazide using microwave irradiation. The compounds were tested for their in vitro activity against tubercular and various non-tubercular mycobacterium species in log-phase and 6-week-starved cultures. Compound N-(3,5-dibromopyridin-2-yl)-2-((5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylene)hydrazinecarbothioamide (4r) was found to be the most potent compound (MIC: 0.22 μM) and was 3 times more active than standard isoniazid (INH) and equally active as rifampicin (RIF) in log-phase culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. In starved M. tuberculosis H37Rv, 4r inhibited with MIC of 13.9 μM and was found to be 50 times more active than INH and slightly more active than RIF. 相似文献
68.
D.M. Madson A.R. Patterson S. Ramamoorthy N. Pal X.J. Meng T. Opriessnig 《Theriogenology》2009,72(6):747-754
The objectives of this study were to determine if vaccination against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) or previous PCV2 infection of the dam are sufficient to prevent fetal infection when dams are artificially inseminated with PCV2-spiked semen. Nine sows (Sus domestica) were allocated into three groups of three dams each: The PCV2 naïve negative control Group 1 was artificially inseminated with extended PCV2 DNA negative semen during estrus, whereas the extended semen used in the vaccinated Group 2 (PCV2 vaccine was given 8 wk before insemination) and PCV2-exposed Group 3 (infected with PCV2 12 wk before insemination) was spiked with 5 mL of PCV2 inoculum with a titer of 104.2 tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) per milliliter at each breeding. The dams in the vaccinated and PCV2-exposed groups were positive for PCV2 antibody but negative for PCV2 DNA in serum at the time of insemination. Three negative control dams, two vaccinated dams, and three dams with previous PCV2 exposure became pregnant and maintained pregnancy to term. After artificial insemination, viremia was detected in one of three vaccinated dams and in two of three dams with previous PCV2 exposure. At farrowing, PCV2 infection was not detected in any piglets or fetuses expelled from the negative control dams or from dams with previous PCV2 exposure. In litters of the vaccinated dams, 15 of 24 live-born piglets were PCV2 viremic at birth, with 6 of 26 fetuses having detectable PCV2 antigen in tissues. In conclusion, vaccine-induced immunity did not prevent fetal infection in this sow model using semen spiked with PCV2. 相似文献
69.
Energy dynamics in the C4 species dominated montane subtropical grassland at Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, the Western Ghats, India 下载免费PDF全文
The energy dynamics in Thiashola grassland, a montane subtropical vegetation in Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, the Western Ghats, India is studied for a period of one year. The study revealed that the energy content in unit biomass of C3 and C4 species has not varied significantly. However, the C4 species in total due to higher net primary production, entrapped 8.5 times greater solar energy (28.82 kcal/m2/day) than that of their C3 counterparts. Of the total energy fixed, the C3 and C4 species, respectively channeled 4.07 kcal/m2/day and 13.3 kcal/m2/day to the aboveground standing live compartment. The transfer rate of energy to standing dead compartment from standing live part were 3.22 kcal/m2/day and 10.36 kcal/m2/day for C3 and C4 species, respectively and both the C3 and C4 together transferred 4.81 kcal/m2/day of energy from standing dead to litter compartment. The total dissipation of energy from the system is determined to be 4401.11 kcal/m2/yr and the surplus quantity of 38.37% of energy is accumulated in the aboveground parts of both C3 and C4 species which indicates the availability of substantial amount of energetic fodder to the wild herbivores in the Thiashola grassland. 相似文献
70.
Nanga RP Brender JR Vivekanandan S Ramamoorthy A 《Biochimica et biophysica acta》2011,1808(10):2337-2342
Human islet amyloid polypeptide is a hormone coexpressed with insulin by pancreatic beta-cells. For reasons not clearly understood, hIAPP aggregates in type II diabetics to form oligomers that interfere with beta-cell function, eventually leading to the loss of insulin production. The cellular membrane catalyzes the formation of amyloid deposits and is a target of amyloid toxicity through disruption of the membrane's structural integrity. Therefore, there is considerable current interest in solving the 3D structure of this peptide in a membrane environment. NMR experiments could not be directly utilized in lipid bilayers due to the rapid aggregation of the peptide. To overcome this difficulty, we have solved the structure of the naturally occurring peptide in detergent micelles at a neutral pH. The structure has an overall kinked helix motif, with residues 7-17 and 21-28 in a helical conformation, and with a 3(10) helix from Gly 33-Asn 35. In addition, the angle between the N- and C-terminal helices is constrained to 85°. The greater helical content of human IAPP in the amidated versus free acid form is likely to play a role in its aggregation and membrane disruptive activity. 相似文献