Electron microscopic study of compactization of individual DNA molecules in films during the interaction with histone H1]

The protein-free method was applied for the investigation of histone H1 DNA complexes formation. The main advantage of this method is the possibility to get intramolecular compact structures at interaction of individual spread molecules of DNA with histone H1. It was shown that in the presence of 0.2-5 micrograms/ml of histone H1 in hypophase there are three types of structures on electronmicroscopic preparations: fibres of non-compacted DNA, compact fibres with twisted strands of duplex DNA and compacted rod-like and circular structures where separate fibres of duplex DNA could not be distinguished. The study of compact structures morphology allows to conclude that they are formed by side-by-side association of DNA fibres, as it takes place in the case of triple rings formation at the compactization of circular DNA due to trivaline binding. At increasing ionic strength there is a tendency for transition from second type structures to the third type structures. The latter can be explained by transition from non-cooperative to cooperative binding of histone H1 to DNA.     

The effect of hypoxia on oxidative phosphorylation and lipid peroxidation in rat liver mitochondria upon lung inflammation

Hypoxic trainings of rats (maintenance in the test chamber at the "altitude" 4 km above the sea level for 7 hours a day for two weeks) prevent pneumonia-induced activation of peroxidation for lipids of the liver mitochondria. This increases the phosphorylating respiration rate when lipemic serum is used as an oxidation substrate (not succinate). In these experiments the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation (delta ADP/delta O) when either succinate and glutamate or glutamate and malate have been oxidated corresponded to the values typical of intact animals and was higher when lipemic serum was used. It is supposed that rearrangement of energy reactions of mitochondria is connected with intensification of utilization of lipids and conjugation between their oxidation and phosphorylation. This rearrangement is apparently aimed to prevent the energy deficiency in the organism which arises in patients with pneumonia.     

Pathomorphological picture of the testes of mice administered antitumor antibiotics and their comparative evaluation

A single administration of the LD50 of bruneomycin, carminomycin, rubomycin or olivomycin and the use of the antibiotics for 10 days in a dose 2 times higher than the therapeutic one and amounting to 10 per cent of the LD50 induced dystrophic and destructive changes in the sexual glands of mice. The changes in the testis were more pronounced after the single use of the antibiotics. Recovery processes were observed in the testis beginning from the middle of the third week after the use of carminomycin and rubomycin and from the end of the second week after the use of olivomycin. Bruneomycin was an exception: the pronounced destructive changes in the sexual glands after its single or repeated use persisted within the observation period.     

Microflora of gastric juice and its sensitivity to antibiotics in post-gastrectomy gastritis

Fifty four patients with postresection gastritis and 13 healthy adults were examined. 141 microbial cultures belonging to 33 species were isolated from the gastric juice of the patients. In the healthy persons 27 cultures belonging to 7 species were isolated from the gastric juice. In the gastric juice of the patients there predominated enteric bacteria and enterococci (64.8 +/- 6.5 and 57.4 +/- 6.7 per cent respectively). Among the enteric bacteria Escherichia coli and Proteus spp. were the most frequent. Contamination of the gastric juice by such microbes amounted to 10(5)-10(9) microbial bodies per 1 ml. The isolates were mainly sensitive to gentamicin (84.8 +/- 2.9 per cent).     

Nuclear antigens detectable with human autoantibodies

Sera of patients with rheumatic diseases often contain autoantibodies to nuclear antigens. Problems of the specificity of autoantibodies and of their usage for studying nuclear components and of the whole nuclear organization are reviewed.     

The identification of kinetochore proteins by using the sera of patients with collagenoses

Sera of rheumatology patients with antikinetochore autoantibodies are identified. Immunoblot of human cell proteins showed that all the sera contained autoantibodies to kinetochore proteins A and B. In Chinese hamster cells proteins with m. m. 45 kD, 100 kD and 110 kD are presumably kinetochore proteins, whereas in murine cells these are proteins with m. m. 45 kD 85 kD and 100 kD.     

Serum antibodies to brain protein antigens in cerebral palsy in children]

Using special brain antigen test-system ELITEST-24, ELISA assays of the serum of children with cerebral palsy were conducted. The data obtained were compared to relevant characteristics of the sera from neurologically and somatically healthy persons and patients with diagnoses of multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, epilepsy and hepato-cerebral dystrophy according to special PC program VIZUAL and DIAGNOST. High specificity of the cerebral palsy anti-brain antigens reactivity was revealed by ELITEST technique. Moreover, the comparison of the mother-child pair immunoreactivity has been conducted. Evidence for hypothesis of epigenetically performing of children antibodies repertoires by mother-during-pregnancy immune status were obtained. Possible immunopathologic mechanisms of the disease are discussed.     

Role of virus-induced autoreactive T-lymphocytes, T-suppressors and the serum factor regulating their activity in the pathogenesis of experimental infection caused by the Langat virus in mice

The precursors of autoreactive T-lymphocytes (PARTL) have been detected in the spleen of mice infected with Langat virus. When introduced into syngeneic recipients, PARTL differentiate in their lymph nodes into autoreactive T-lymphocytes (ARTL) causing a fatal autoimmune disease in the syngeneic recipients in vivo and capable of destroying syngeneic cell cultures in vitro. In the thymus of mice infected with Langat virus T-suppressors (TS) inhibiting the differentiation of PARTL into ARTL have been detected. The serum of intact mice has been shown to contain the serum blocking factor (SBF) which suppresses the differentiation of PARTL and the activity of TS from donors having common H-2 haplotypes of the gene complex with serum donors. In the course of viral infection the decrease of SBF activity and, simultaneously, the activation of PARTL and TS occur. The activation of PARTL and TS in infected mice may be suppressed by the injection of the serum of intact donors identical in H-2 haplotypes. The injection of ARTL induced by Langat virus into syngeneic recipients infected with this virus provokes the transformation of asymptomatic infection into acute infection, while TS and SBF blocking the differentiation of PARTL protect the animals from death.