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41.
A mathematical model of the active transport of main ions in cells of archaebacteria has been constructed. A set of equations
has been developed and solved for ion fluxes through the bacterium membrane. The model is based on the principle “one ion—one
transport system.” Considering experimental data, the major transport mechanism was determined for each ion and the balance
equation was written on the basis of this mechanism in the stationary state. This allowed calculating values of the membrane
potential and intracellular concentrations of the ions independently. The calculated values of the intracellular concentrations
and resting potential are in qualitative agreement with the corresponding experimental values for cells of extremely halophilic
archaea. 相似文献
42.
Requirements on models of the active transport of ions in biomembranes have been formulated. The basic requirements include an explicit dependence of the resting potential and intracellular concentrations of ions on the difference of ATP-ADP chemical potentials, a consideration of the reversibility of the ionic pump operation, a correlation between theoretical and experimental data on the resting potential and intracellular concentrations of ions for different types of cells, the pump efficiency approaching 100%, and a tendency of the resting potential to the Donnan potential if the active transport is blocked. A model satisfying the aforementioned requirements has been proposed by the authors as an example. 相似文献
43.
By ammonium sulphate precipitation, phosphocellulose and DEAE-Sephacel chromatography and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration, a factor was separated from rat liver cytosol which was shown to suppress the inhibitory effect of the steroid deoxycorticosterone (DOC) on the specific [3H]glucocorticoid binding to cytoplasmic receptors. By SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of factor-containing fractions its Mr was suggested to be about 40000. The possible role of this factor in the regulation of glucocorticoid receptor apparatus function is discussed. 相似文献
44.
Deamer D Kuzina SI Mikhailov AI Maslikova EI Seleznev SA 《Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology》1991,27(3):212-217
Attempts to solve two fundamental questions are described: the first concerns which mechanisms were responsible for the self-assembly of membrane structures on the prebiotic Earth, and the second concerns the routes by which considerable amounts of membrane amphiphiles formed from simpler hydrocarbons. The physicochemical properties of several amphiphilic compounds extracted from the Murchison carbonaceous chondrite were studied, using infra-red and fluorescent spectroscopy, measurements of surface activity, chromato-mass spectrometry, and polarization and electron microscopy. The results supported previous observations that amphiphilic and aromatic hydrocarbons were present in significant quantities, and the first demonstration of surface activity among a number of acidic derivatives of hydrocarbons is reported. In addition, one fraction of the surface-active compounds can form bilayer structures, showing that membranes could have self-assembled on the prebiotic Earth. Photochemical oxidation of hydrocarbons is shown to be a likely source of the amphiphilic molecules required for the self-assembly of primary membrane structures. 相似文献
45.
Alexey V. Melkikh Vladimir D. Seleznev 《Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere》2008,38(4):343-353
Early stages of the evolution of life are considered in terms of control theory. A model is proposed for the transport of substances in a protocell possessing the property of robustness with regard to changes in the environmental concentration of a substance. 相似文献
46.
N. P. Vagin A. A. Ionin Yu. M. Klimachev A. A. Kotkov I. V. Kochetov A. P. Napartovich Yu. P. Podmar’kov O. A. Rulev L. V. Seleznev D. V. Sinitsyn M. P. Frolov N. N. Yuryshev 《Plasma Physics Reports》2006,32(5):429-439
Results are presented from experimental and theoretical studies of the production of singlet delta oxygen in a pulsed electron-beam-sustained discharge ignited in a large (~18-1) volume at a total gas mixture pressure of up to 210 Torr. The measured yield of singlet oxygen reaches 10.5%. It is found that varying the reduced electric field from ~2 to ~11 kV/(cm atm) slightly affects singlet oxygen production. It is shown experimentally that an increase in the gas mixture pressure or the specific input energy reduces the duration of singlet oxygen luminescence. The calculated time evolution of the singlet oxygen concentration is compared with experimental results. 相似文献
47.
A A Vorob'ev A S Seleznev L A Pavlova A Iang N N Ershova 《Antibiotiki i khimioterapii͡a》1999,44(3):15-18
Antimicrobial activity of Tomatol against laboratory strains of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538-P and Candida albicans ATCC 885-653 as well as against clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia spp. was tested. Tomatol was shown to have a broad antimicrobial spectrum including gram-positive and gram-negative organisms and Candida. The TLC investigation demonstrated that the Tomatol antimicrobial component was that of a complex of organic acids such as succinic, citric, tartaric and others. 相似文献
48.
49.
Striking resemblance of pathological alterations in the development of insects caused by 1) infection with microsporidia, 2) infection with other parasites, and 3) variety of adverse environmental factors is discussed. 相似文献
50.
A model of the active transport of ions through internal membranes of mitochondria is proposed. If concentrations of ions
in a cell are known, this model allows calculating concentrations of all main ions (H+, Ca+2, K+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl−) in the mitochondrion matrix and the resting potential across the membrane. The theoretical values satisfactorily agree with
available experimental data on the concentrations and the potentials, including different operating regimes of the adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) synthetase (the main regime, short circuiting or ATP synthetase blocking). The active transport of Mg2+ ions in exchange for protons was assumed. In accordance with the model, the ATP synthetase operation is possible only if
the stoichiometric coefficient of protons is 3. 相似文献