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11.
Yukiko?MATSUURAEmail author Yoshihiko?SASAMOTO Kenji?SATO Yoshiyuki?TAKAHASHI Masatsugu?SUZUKI Noriyuki?OHTAISHI 《Ecological Research》2004,19(4):397-404
The ovarian cycle and conception of sika deer were studied to reveal factors responsible for delayed conception. Concentration of progesterone in feces from 12 female Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis Heude, 1884) was measured during the mating season in 2000. The cyclic pattern of fecal progesterone synchronized with estrous symptoms, which could hence be interpreted as indicating ovarian cycle. All observed females ovulated by 14 October. However, during the early mating season, females did not permit copulation at ovulation, and the length of luteal phase following ovulation without estrus was 9.8±4.6 days (5–24days). Most females conceived at the first copulation, which were confirmed by progesterone profiles that was sustained at a high level after the copulation. This indicates the presence of a functional corpus luteum, a state of pregnancy. Thus, some females had repeated ovulation without copulation several times, creating a 3–4week variation in the timing of conception. But some females conceived very late in the mating season after the repetition of ovulation and copulation. 相似文献
12.
Etsuko FUJII Atsuhiko KATO Yu Jau CHEN Koichi MATSUBARA Yasuyuki OHNISHI Masami SUZUKI 《Experimental Animals》2015,64(2):181-190
Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of tumors are increasingly becoming important tools for
translational research in oncology. The NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid
Il2rgtm1Sug/Jic (NOG) mouse is an efficient host for PDXs. Thus as
a basis for future development of methods to obtain PDXs from various disease types, we
have studied the factors that affect the outcome of transplantation of human colorectal
cancer in NOG mice. Of the original donor cases examined, 73% had successful engraftment.
The outcome of donor-matched tissues was consistent in most cases, and was thought to show
that the condition of the host did not affect engraftment. Next we analyzed the tumor
aggressiveness in terms of histology grade of the original tumor and found that they were
related to engraftment. Detailed histopathological examination of the transplanted tissues
strongly indicated that lymphocytes engrafted with the tumor cells affect engraftment. As
a factor related to transplantation of lymphocytes, we studied the human IgG concentration
in the serum of tumor-bearing mice, but there was no tendency for higher concentrations to
result in unsuccessful engraftment. Finally, we studied the type, density and location of
T cells in the original donor tissue to determine the immune contexture and found that the
unsuccessful engraftment cases tended to have an adequate or coordinated immune contexture
compared to successful engraftment cases. From these results, we concluded that the
aggressiveness and the T cell infiltration of the original tumor affect the outcome of
transplantation in the NOG mouse. 相似文献
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We directly evaluated the role of extrafloral nectaries (EFN) in ant attraction and herbivore exclusion by experimental removal of EFN in the laboratory. When EFN of Vicia faba Linnaeus (Leguminosae) were artificially removed, the number of workers of Tetramorium tsushimae Emery (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) visiting the plant decreased, and the efficiency of herbivore exclusion by ants also decreased. Herbivore exclusion by ants was mostly ineffective on a plant when less than four workers visited the plant, but when more than four workers visited, the time a herbivore resided on the plant decreased rapidly with increasing numbers of visiting ants. Therefore, the efficiency of herbivore exclusion from a plant is determined by the number of ants visiting, and EFN play an important role in ant attraction. 相似文献
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N6-Benzyladenine (BA) was applied to intact bean (Phaseolusvulgaris L.) primary leaves at 2 and 6 days after imbibition,when they were in the cell division and post-cell division stages,respectively. BA treatment at day 2 temporarily inhibited an increase in chlorophyllcontent in the following day, but stimulated it in later days.No such inhibition by BA was observed for changes with timein DNA, RNA, and protein content and f. wt. On the other hand,BA treatment at day 6 enhanced RNA and protein content, withoutsignificant influence on DNA and chlorophyll content and f.wt. The mode of cytokinin action on greening in leaves during cell-divisiongrowth seems to be different from that in etiolated cotyledons. Phaseolus vulgaris L., bean, greening, benzyladenine, DNA, RNA, protein 相似文献
18.
Predatory risk increased due to egg‐brooding in Armadillidium vulgare (Isopoda: Oniscidea) 下载免费PDF全文
Cost of reproduction is associated with a reduction in subsequent survival or future breeding success. A decrease in survival rate of parents during or after reproduction reduces the probability of their future reproduction. However, few studies have demonstrated such survival costs to parents. Females of Armadillidium vulgare hold their eggs in a marsupium and brood these until the young hatch. Caring for eggs in a marsupium seems to place a large burden on brooding females, and it restricts their predator avoidance behaviour. As such, costs of care may increase the mortality rates of brooding females. To reveal the costs of parental care, we examined the effects of egg brooding on behaviour and predation risk. Egg‐brooding females decreased speed of locomotion and rolling duration, and were killed by predators at a higher rate. Our results indicate that egg brooding in A. vulgare has costs in the form of predation risk. 相似文献
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Masahito Hashimoto Fumiko Kirikae Taeko Dohi Seizi Adachi Shoichi Kusumoto Yasuo Suda Tsuyoshi Fujita Hideo Naoki Teruo Kirikae 《European journal of biochemistry》2002,269(15):3715-3721
Bacteroides vulgatus has been shown to be involved in the aggravation of colitis. Previously, we separated two potent virulence factors, capsular polysaccharide (CPS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), from a clinical isolate of B. vulgatus and characterized the structure of CPS. In this study, we elucidated the structures of O-antigen polysaccharide (OPS) and lipid A in the LPS. LPS was subjected to weak acid hydrolysis to produce the lipid A fraction and polysaccharide fraction. Lipid A was isolated by preparative TLC, and its structure determined by MS and NMR to be similar to that of Bacteroides fragilis except for the number of fatty acids. The polysaccharide fraction was subjected to gel-filtration chromatography to give an OPS-rich fraction. The structure of OPS was determined by chemical analysis and NMR spectroscopy to be a polysaccharide composed of the following repeating unit: [-->4)alpha-L-Rhap(1-->3)beta-D-Manp(1-->]. 相似文献
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