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71.
Lixin Wang Sachiko Mogami Seiichi Yakabi Hiroshi Karasawa Chihiro Yamada Koji Yakabi Tomohisa Hattori Yvette Taché 《PloS one》2015,10(9)
Abdominal surgery inhibits food intake and induces c-Fos expression in the hypothalamic and medullary nuclei in rats. Rikkunshito (RKT), a Kampo medicine improves anorexia. We assessed the alterations in meal microstructure and c-Fos expression in brain nuclei induced by abdominal surgery and the modulation by RKT in mice. RKT or vehicle was gavaged daily for 1 week. On day 8 mice had no access to food for 6–7 h and were treated twice with RKT or vehicle. Abdominal surgery (laparotomy-cecum palpation) was performed 1–2 h before the dark phase. The food intake and meal structures were monitored using an automated monitoring system for mice. Brain sections were processed for c-Fos immunoreactivity (ir) 2-h after abdominal surgery. Abdominal surgery significantly reduced bouts, meal frequency, size and duration, and time spent on meals, and increased inter-meal interval and satiety ratio resulting in 92–86% suppression of food intake at 2–24 h post-surgery compared with control group (no surgery). RKT significantly increased bouts, meal duration and the cumulative 12-h food intake by 11%. Abdominal surgery increased c-Fos in the prelimbic, cingulate and insular cortexes, and autonomic nuclei, such as the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, central amygdala, hypothalamic supraoptic (SON), paraventricular and arcuate nuclei, Edinger-Westphal nucleus (E-W), lateral periaqueduct gray (PAG), lateral parabrachial nucleus, locus coeruleus, ventrolateral medulla and nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). RKT induced a small increase in c-Fos-ir neurons in the SON and E-W of control mice, and in mice with surgery there was an increase in the lateral PAG and a decrease in the NTS. These findings indicate that abdominal surgery inhibits food intake by increasing both satiation (meal duration) and satiety (meal interval) and activates brain circuits involved in pain, feeding behavior and stress that may underlie the alterations of meal pattern and food intake inhibition. RKT improves food consumption post-surgically that may involve modulation of pain pathway. 相似文献
72.
So Kato Yasushi Oshima Hiroyuki Oka Hirotaka Chikuda Yujiro Takeshita Kota Miyoshi Naohiro Kawamura Kazuhiro Masuda Junichi Kunogi Rentaro Okazaki Seiichi Azuma Nobuhiro Hara Sakae Tanaka Katsushi Takeshita 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
Objectives
The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score is widely used to assess the severity of clinical symptoms in patients with cervical compressive myelopathy, particularly in East Asian countries. In contrast, modified versions of the JOA score are currently accepted as the standard tool for assessment in Western countries. The objective of the present study is to compare these scales and clarify their differences and interchangeability and verify their validity by comparing them to other outcome measures.Materials and Methods
Five institutions participated in this prospective multicenter observational study. The JOA and modified JOA (mJOA) proposed by Benzel were recorded preoperatively and at three months postoperatively in patients with cervical compressive myelopathy who underwent decompression surgery. Patient reported outcome (PRO) measures, including Japanese Orthopaedic Association Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ), the Short Form-12 (SF-12) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI), were also recorded. The preoperative JOA score and mJOA score were compared to each other and the PRO values. A Bland-Altman analysis was performed to investigate their limits of agreement.Results
A total of ninety-two patients were included. The correlation coefficient (Spearman’s rho) between the JOA and mJOA was 0.87. In contrast, the correlations between JOA/mJOA and the other PRO values were moderate (|rho| = 0.03 – 0.51). The correlation coefficient of the recovery rate between the JOA and mJOA was 0.75. The Bland-Altman analyses showed that limits of agreement were 3.6 to -1.2 for the total score, and 55.1% to -68.8% for the recovery rates.Conclusions
In the present study, the JOA score and the mJOA score showed good correlation with each other in terms of their total scores and recovery rates. Previous studies using the JOA can be interpreted based on the mJOA; however it is not ideal to use them interchangeably. The validity of both scores was demonstrated by comparing these values to the PRO values. 相似文献73.
Characterization of thermostable FMN-dependent NADH azoreductase from the moderate thermophile Geobacillus stearothermophilus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ken’ichiro Matsumoto Yuichi Mukai Daiki Ogata Fumi Shozui John Masani Nduko Seiichi Taguchi Toshihiko Ooi 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2010,86(5):1431-1438
The gene encoding an FMN-dependent NADH azoreductase, AzrG, from thermophilic Geobacillus stearothermophilus was cloned and functionally expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant AzrG is a homodimer of 23 kDa and bore FMN as a flavin cofactor. The optimal temperature of AzrG was
85 °C for the degradation of Methyl Red (MR). AzrG remained active for 1 h at 65 °C and for 1 month at 30 °C, demonstrating
both superior thermostability and long-term stability of the enzyme. AzrG efficiently decolorized MR, Ethyl Red at 30 °C.
Furthermore, the enzyme exhibited a wide-range of degrading activity towards several tenacious azo dyes, such as Acid Red
88, Orange I, and Congo Red. These results suggested the sustainable utilization of G. stearothermophilus as an azo-degrading strain for AzrG carrying whole-cell wastewater treatments for azo pollutants under high temperature conditions. 相似文献
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76.
He PJ Hirata M Yamauchi N Hashimoto S Hattori MA 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2007,302(1-2):111-118
The circadian clock is responsible for the generation of circadian rhythms in hormonal secretion and metabolism. These peripheral
clocks could be reset by various cues in order to adapt to environmental variations. The ovary can be characterized as having
highly dynamic physiology regulated by gonadotropins. Here, we aimed to address the status of circadian clock in the ovary,
and to explore how gonadotropins could regulate clockwork in granulosa cells (GCs). To this end, we mainly utilized the immunohistochemistry,
RT-PCR, and real-time monitoring of gene expression methods. PER1 protein was constantly abundant across the daily cycle in
the GCs of immature ovaries. In contrast, PER1 protein level was obviously cyclic through the circadian cycle in the luteal
cells of pubertal ovaries. In addition, both FSH and LH induced Per1 expression in cultured immature and mature GCs, respectively. The promoter analysis revealed that the Per1 expression was mediated by the cAMP response element binding protein. In cultured transgenic GCs, both FSH and LH also induced
the circadian oscillation of Per2. However, the Per2 oscillation promoted by FSH quickly dampened within only one cycle, whereas the Per2 oscillation promoted by LH was persistently maintained. Collectively, these findings strongly suggest that both FSH and LH
play an important role in regulating circadian clock in the ovary; however, they might exert differential actions on the clockwork
in vivo due to each specific role within ovarian physiology. 相似文献
77.
Rajendar B Sato Y Nishizawa S Teramae N 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2007,17(13):3682-3685
At an abasic site in an oligo-DNA duplex, isoxanthopterin (IX)(dagger) can bind to thymine (T) and cytosine (C) with strong affinity compared to adenine and guanine, but the base selectivity for T against C is moderate. In order to improve both binding affinity and base selectivity for T against C, a methyl group is introduced to IX, which is known as 3-methyl isoxanthopterin (3-MIX),(dagger) by which binding affinity for C is expected to decrease. Indeed, 3-MIX specifically binds to T more strongly than IX and loses its binding affinity for C. The improved binding ability of 3-MIX for T would be suitable for the practical use in SNP typing related to T. 相似文献
78.
Expression of antimicrobial peptide genes encoding Enbocin and Gloverin isoforms in the silkworm, Bombyx mori 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kaneko Y Furukawa S Tanaka H Yamakawa M 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2007,71(9):2233-2241
Antimicrobial peptides, Enbocin and Gloverin isoforms from the silkworm Bombyx mori, were analyzed for expression of these peptide genes. Tissue-specific expression of Enbocin and Bmgloverin isoform genes was observed mainly in the fat body upon injection of Escherichia coli. Peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide triggered expression of these genes in vivo. On the other hand, lipid A activated Bmgloverin isoform genes but not Enbocin isoform genes. These results illustrate the fact that expression of Enbocin and Bmgloverin isoform genes is inducible by bacteria and that the effects of bacterial cell wall components on the activation of these peptide genes are not necessarily the same. In addition, selective activation of the Enbocin2, Bmgloverin2, and Bmgloverin4 genes by BmRelB rather than BmRelA was observed, providing additional evidence for the occurrence of selective activation of antimicrobial peptide genes by a Rel protein. These results suggest complex regulatory mechanisms in insect antimicrobial peptide genes by bacterial cell wall components. 相似文献
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