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21.
Maria Fiorella Contarino Paul F. C. Groot Johan N. van der Meer Lo J. Bour Johannes D. Speelman Aart J. Nederveen Pepijn van den Munckhof Marina A. J. Tijssen Peter Rick Schuurman Anne-Fleur van Rootselaar 《PloS one》2012,7(10)
Background
Functional MRI combined with electromyography (EMG-fMRI) is a new technique to investigate the functional association of movement to brain activations. Thalamic stereotactic surgery is effective in reducing tremor. However, while some patients have satisfying benefit, others have only partial or temporary relief. This could be due to suboptimal targeting in some cases. By identifying tremor-related areas, EMG-fMRI could provide more insight into the pathophysiology of tremor and be potentially useful in refining surgical targeting.Objective
Aim of the study was to evaluate whether EMG-fMRI could detect blood oxygen level dependent brain activations associated with tremor in patients with Essential Tremor. Second, we explored whether EMG-fMRI could improve the delineation of targets for stereotactic surgery.Methods
Simultaneous EMG-fMRI was performed in six Essential Tremor patients with unilateral thalamotomy. EMG was recorded from the trembling arm (non-operated side) and from the contralateral arm (operated side). Protocols were designed to study brain activations related to voluntary muscle contractions and postural tremor.Results
Analysis with the EMG regressor was able to show the association of voluntary movements with activity in the contralateral motor cortex and supplementary motor area, and ipsilateral cerebellum. The EMG tremor frequency regressor showed an association between tremor and activity in the ipsilateral cerebellum and contralateral thalamus. The activation spot in the thalamus varied across patients and did not correspond to the thalamic nucleus ventralis intermedius.Conclusion
EMG-fMRI is potentially useful in detecting brain activations associated with tremor in patients with Essential Tremor. The technique must be further developed before being useful in supporting targeting for stereotactic surgery. 相似文献22.
H. J. P. M. Koenen Marjon J. Smit Marleen M. J. A. Simmelink Bart Schuurman Robert H. J. Beelen Sybren Meijer 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》1996,42(5):310-316
Milky spots in the greater omentum are small accumulations of leucocytes that consist mainly of macrophages and have recently
shown to be a selective dissemination site of intraperitoneal (i. p.) inoculated tumour cells. However, milky-spot macrophages
show tumoricidal activity and may, therefore, be an excellent source of effector cells suited for local immunotherapy. In
the present study we first examined whether granulocyte/macrophage- colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) treatment of isolated
milky-spot macrophages affects the cytotoxicity against syngeneic colon carcinoma cells (CC531) in vitro. Secondly, we studied
the influence of intraperitoneal GM-CSF administration on the number and antitumour activity of milky-spot and peritoneal
macrophages. All studies were performed in Wag/Rij rats in which a syngeneic colon carcinoma cell line (CC531) is available.
The results of the in vitro study showed that GM-CSF treatment of the omental macrophages led to an increased cytotoxicity
against the tumour cell line. Intraperitoneal administration of 1000 U GM-CSF daily for 7 consecutive days demonstrated both
an enhanced antitumour activity of the milky-spot macrophages and an increase in the milky-spot macrophage population. An
increase in the proliferative capacity, according to bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, was shown in the milky-spot macrophages.
Taking into account both the enhanced macrophage number and their enhanced activity upon i. p. GM-CSF treatment, the milky-spot
macrophages may provide a rationale for local intraperitoneal immunotherapy in the prevention of intra-abdominal tumour growth.
Received: 11 April 1996 / Accepted: 21 May 1996 相似文献
23.
Retrotransposon BARE-1 and Its Role in Genome Evolution in the Genus Hordeum. 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
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CM Vicient A Suoniemi K Anamthawat-Jnsson J Tanskanen A Beharav E Nevo AH Schulman 《The Plant cell》1999,11(9):1769-1784
24.
25.
Physiological functions of beneficial elements 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
26.
Gordon W Slysz Charles AH Baker Benjamin M Bozsa Anthony Dang Andrew J Percy Melissa Bennett David C Schriemer 《BMC bioinformatics》2009,10(1):162
Background
Hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (H/DX-MS) experiments implemented to characterize protein interaction and protein folding generate large quantities of data. Organizing, processing and visualizing data requires an automated solution, particularly when accommodating new tandem mass spectrometry modes for H/DX measurement. We sought to develop software that offers flexibility in defining workflows so as to support exploratory treatments of H/DX-MS data, with a particular focus on the analysis of very large protein systems and the mining of tandem mass spectrometry data. 相似文献27.
Joppe Nijman Femke S. Mandemaker Malgorzata A. Verboon-Maciolek Susan C. Aitken Anton M. van Loon Linda S. de Vries Rob Schuurman 《PloS one》2014,9(9)
Background
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection is a leading cause of long-term sequelae. Cytomegalovirus is also frequently transmitted to preterm infants postnatally, but these infections are mostly asymptomatic. A correlation between cytomegalovirus genotypes and clinical manifestations has been reported previously in infants with congenital infection, but not in preterm infants with postnatal infection.Objectives
The main objective of this study was to investigate cytomegalovirus genotype distribution in postnatal and congenital cytomegalovirus infection and its association with disease severity.Methods
Infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands between 2003–2010 and diagnosed with postnatal or congenital cytomegalovirus infection were included. Classification of cytomegalovirus isolates in genotypes was performed upon amplification and sequencing of the cytomegalovirus UL55 (gB) and UL144 genes. Clinical data, cerebral abnormalities, neurodevelopmental outcome and viral load were studied in relation to genotype distribution.Results
Genotyping results were obtained from 58 preterm infants with postnatal cytomegalovirus infection and 13 infants with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Postnatal disease was mild in all preterm infants and all had favourable outcome. Infants with congenital infection were significantly more severely affected than infants with postnatal infection. Seventy-seven percent of these infants were symptomatic at birth, 2/13 died and 3/13 developed long-term sequelae (median follow-up 6 (range 2–8) years). The distribution of cytomegalovirus genotypes was comparable for postnatal and congenital infection. UL55 genotype 1 and UL144 genotype 3 were predominant genotypes in both groups.Conclusions
Distribution of UL55 and UL144 genotypes was similar in asymptomatic postnatal and severe congenital CMV infection suggesting that other factors rather than cytomegalovirus UL55 and UL144 genotype are responsible for the development of severe disease. 相似文献28.
De Vry J Prickaerts J Jetten M Hulst M Steinbusch HW van den Hove DL Schuurman T van der Staay FJ 《Hormones and behavior》2012,62(1):10-17
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling has been implicated in the onset of depression and in antidepressant efficacy, although the exact role of this neurotrophin in the pathophysiology of depression remains to be elucidated. Also, the interaction between chronic stress, which may precede depression, corticosteroids and BDNF is not fully understood. The present study aimed at investigating whether long-lasting, recurrent tethering of sows during a period of 1.5 or 4.5 years leads to enduring effects on measures that may be indicative of chronic stress, compared with animals kept in a group housing system ('loose' sows). Immediately after slaughter, the frontal cortex, dorsal and ventral hippocampus were dissected and protein levels of BDNF and its receptors were analyzed and compared with plasma cortisol levels and adrenal weights. Results indicate that tethering stress reduced BDNF protein levels in the dorsal hippocampus and the frontal cortex, but not in the ventral hippocampus. In addition, levels of TrkB, the high affinity receptor for BDNF, were increased in the dorsal hippocampus. Plasma cortisol levels and adrenal weight were increased after tethering. These stress effects on BDNF levels were more pronounced after 4.5 years of recurrent tethering and negatively correlated in particular in the frontal cortex with cortisol levels and adrenal weight. This suggests that the stress effect of tethered housing on neurotrophin levels may be mediated via cortisol. Taken together, these data indicate that recurrent tethering stress in sows over 4.5 years results in a loss of neurotrophic support by BDNF, mediated by an overactive neuroendocrine system. 相似文献
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30.
The liver is a target for toxic chemicals such as cadmium (Cd). When the liver is damaged, hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are activated and transformed into myofibroblast-like cells, which are responsible for liver fibrosis. Curcuma longa has been reported to exert a hepato-protective effect under various pathological conditions. We investigated the effects of C. longa administration on HSC activation in response to Cd induced hepatotoxicity. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into: group 1 (control), group 2 (Cd treated), group 3 (C. longa treated) and group 4 (Cd and C. longa treated). After 6 weeks, liver specimens were prepared for light and electron microscopy examination of histological changes and immunohistochemical localization of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) as a specific marker for activated HSC. Activated HSC with a positive αSMA immune reaction were not detected in groups 1 and 3. Large numbers of activated HSC with αSMA immune reactions were observed in group 2 in addition to Cd induced hepatotoxic changes including excess collagen deposition in thickened portal triads, interlobular septa with hepatic lobulation, inflammatory cell infiltration, a significant increase in Kupffer cells and degenerated hepatocytes. In group 4, we observed a significant decrease in HSC that expressed αSMA with amelioration of the hepatotoxic changes. C. longa administration decreased HSC activation and ameliorated hepatotoxic changes caused by Cd in adult rats. 相似文献