全文获取类型
收费全文 | 227篇 |
免费 | 22篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 6篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 4篇 |
2015年 | 7篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 15篇 |
2012年 | 7篇 |
2011年 | 9篇 |
2010年 | 17篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 6篇 |
2007年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 8篇 |
2003年 | 8篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1958年 | 5篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
1956年 | 2篇 |
1955年 | 2篇 |
1954年 | 2篇 |
1953年 | 4篇 |
1952年 | 4篇 |
1951年 | 2篇 |
1949年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有249条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
The intestinal microflora can be considered a postnatally acquired organ that is composed of a large diversity of bacteria that perform important functions for the host and can be modulated by environmental factors, such as nutrition. Specific components of the intestinal microflora, including lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, have been associated with beneficial effects on the host, such as promotion of gut maturation and integrity, antagonisms against pathogens and immune modulation. Beyond this, the microflora seems to play a significant role in the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis and prevention of inflammation. The contribution of the intestinal epithelial cell in the first line of defense against pathogenic bacteria and microbial antigens has been recognized. However, the interactions of intestinal epithelial cells with indigenous bacteria are less well understood. This review will summarize the increasing scientific attention to mechanisms of the innate immune response of the host towards different components of the microflora, and suggest a potential role for selected probiotic bacteria in the regulation of intestinal inflammation. 相似文献
72.
Leaf temperature of desert sand dune plants: perspectives on the adaptability of leaf morphology 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The leaf temperature of six annual and six perennial plant species was monitored during spring and summer on a sand dune ecosystem in the delta Mediterranean coast of Egypt. During winter, leaves of all tested perennial species attained temperatures higher than the air temperature at night and shortly after sunrise, with maximum leaf–air temperature differences reaching up to 8°C. The lowest differences were less than 1°C. Around noon, the leaves of several species attained temperatures lower than that of the air whereas others showed higher temperatures. The opposite was true during summer, when leaf temperatures were lower than air temperature. The maximum leaf–air temperature differences occurred after midnight towards sunrise and reached up to 10°C. The lowest differences were found around noon and were of less than 5°C. The annual plant species have more pronounced variations than perennials in their leaf temperatures during the night and for most of the day. The leaves were heated or cooled a few degrees above or below the air temperature. The results are discussed in relation to the morphological characters of the leaves. The variation in leaf temperature at different times of the day was significantly related to leaf morphology, specific leaf area, thickness, volume, leaf area index and the surrounding environment. 相似文献
73.
74.
75.
Twisting integrin receptors increases endothelin-1 gene expression in endothelial cells 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Chen J Fabry B Schiffrin EL Wang N 《American journal of physiology. Cell physiology》2001,280(6):C1475-C1484
A magnetic twisting stimulator was developedbased on the previously published technique of magnetic twistingcytometry. Using ligand-coated ferromagnetic microbeads, thisdevice can apply mechanical stresses with varying amplitudes, duration,frequencies, and waveforms to specific cell surface receptors.Biochemical and biological responses of the cells to the mechanicalstimulation can be assayed. Twisting integrin receptors with RGD(Arg-Gly-Asp)-containing peptide-coated beads increased endothelin-1(ET-1) gene expression by >100%. In contrast, twisting scavengerreceptors with acetylated low-density lipoprotein-coated beads ortwisting HLA antigen with anti-HLA antibody-coated beads did not leadto alterations in ET-1 gene expression. In situ hybridization showedthat the increase in ET-1 mRNA was localized in the cells that werestressed with the RGD-coated beads. Blocking stretch-activated ionchannels with gadolinium, chelating Ca2+ with EGTA, orinhibiting tyrosine phosphorylation with genistein abolishedtwist-induced ET-1 mRNA elevation. Abolishing cytoskeletal tension withan inhibitor of the myosin ATPase, with an inhibitor of myosin lightchain kinase, or with an actin microfilament disrupter blockedtwisted-induced increases in ET-1 expression. Our results areconsistent with the hypothesis that the molecular structural linkage ofintegrin-cytoskeleton is an important pathway for stress-induced ET-1gene expression. 相似文献
76.
77.
Shoot apices of Spinacia oleracea plants have been induced toflower either by: (a) subjecting leaves to 24 h long day, or(b) exposure to a short photoperiod but displaced by 8 h (displacedshort day) in the usual 24 h short-day cycle, or (c) exposureto low temperature (5 °C) during the dark period of thenormal short day. A quantitative cytochemical assay of pentosephosphate pathway activity during floral induction indicatesan approximate doubling of the rate of activity when comparedto that of vegetative apices (short day) (21 °C). Exposure to either low temperature, or a displaced short photoperiodstimulates pentose phosphate pathway activity in the shoot apexin a manner similar to that seen by long-day induction. Thischange in metabolic activity is accompanied by changes in theshape of the shoot apex which resembles that seen at an earlystage during floral induction. Spinacia oleracea, pentose phosphate pathway, shoot apex, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, floral induction, chilling, displaced short day 相似文献
78.
79.
Hamza Gadhoumi Martinez-Rojas Enriqueta Tounsi Moufida Saidani Hayouni EL Akrem 《Biology Bulletin》2021,48(6):667-672
Biology Bulletin - Erodium glaucophyllum, Erodium hirtum and Erodium guttatum were medicinal herbs from a southern Mediterranean known for its health benefits. There is a strong demand for the find... 相似文献
80.
Polly J Phillips-Mason Sonya EL Craig Susann M Brady-Kalnay 《Cell Adhesion & Migration》2011,5(4):298-305
Dissolution of cell-cell adhesive contacts and increased cell-extracellular matrix adhesion are hallmarks of the migratory and invasive phenotype of cancer cells. These changes are facilitated by growth factor binding to receptor protein tyrosine kinases (RTKs). In normal cells, cell-cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), including some receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs), antagonize RTK signaling by promoting adhesion over migration. In cancer, RTK signaling is constitutive due to mutated or amplified RTKs, which leads to growth factor independence or autonomy. An alternative route for a tumor cell to achieve autonomy is to inactivate cell-cell CAMs such as RPTPs. RPTPs directly mediate cell adhesion and regulate both cadherin-dependent adhesion and signaling. In addition, RPTPs antagonize RTK signaling by dephosphorylating molecules activated following ligand binding. Both RPTPs and cadherins are downregulated in tumor cells by cleavage at the cell surface. This results in shedding of the extracellular, adhesive segment and displacement of the intracellular segment, altering its subcellular localization and access to substrates or binding partners. In this commentary we discuss the signals that are altered following RPTP and cadherin cleavage to promote cell migration. Tumor cells both step on the gas (RTKs) and disconnect the brakes (RPTPs and cadherins) during their invasive and metastatic journey.Key words: receptor protein tyrosine kinase, receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase, cadherins, cell adhesion, signal transduction, phospholipase C gamma, protein kinase C, catenins, IQGAP1 protein, regulated intramembrane proteolysis 相似文献