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61.
Quality assurance and risk reduction guidelines 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mody DR Davey DD Branca M Raab SS Schenck UG Stanley MW Wright RG Arbyn M Beccati D Bishop JW Collaço LM Cramer SF Fitzgerald P Heinrich J Jhala NC Montanari G Kapila K Naryshkin S Suprun HZ 《Acta cytologica》2000,44(4):496-507
Cervical cancer continues to be a major cause of death in women worldwide. The major problem facing most women is the unavailability of screening Pap tests in poor and underdeveloped countries. While rates of cancer deaths have decreased 60-80% in developed countries since the Pap test became available, the accuracy of Paps was challenged recently. In order to instill public confidence and promote optimal patient care, measures to improve the quality of the entire screening process should be undertaken. Continuous quality improvement processes are more appropriate than traditional quality assurance monitors. Although no standards can be defined that are applicable to all laboratory settings and nations, this document provides current views on universal quality procedures and risk reduction. Procedure/policy manuals, workload assessment, hierarchic/peer review, discrepancy analysis, rescreening studies and cytohistologic correlation are examples of universally applicable quality tools. The variability in practices in different parts of the world is also discussed. 相似文献
62.
L. Lens S. Van Dongen P. Galbusera T. Schenck E. Matthysen T. Van De Casteele 《Journal of evolutionary biology》2000,13(6):889-896
As habitat disturbance and inbreeding increasingly stress natural populations, ecologists are in urgent need of simple estimators to measure their impact. It has been argued that developmental instability (DI) could be such a measure. Observed associations between DI and environmental or genetic stress, however, are largely inconsistent. We here test whether an interaction between habitat disturbance and inbreeding could, at least partly, explain these discordant patterns. We therefore studied individual estimates of fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and of inbreeding in three populations of the critically endangered Taita thrush that are differentially exposed to habitat disturbance following severe forest fragmentation. As predicted, the relationship between DI and inbreeding was pronounced under high levels of disturbance, but weak or nonexistent under less disturbed conditions. Examining this relationship with mean d2, an allelic distance estimator assumed to reflect ancestral inbreeding, did not reveal any significant trend, hence suggesting that inbreeding effects in the Taita thrush are fairly recent. 相似文献
63.
Genetic variability and gene flow in the globally, critically-endangered Taita thrush 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Peter Galbusera Luc Lens Tine Schenck Edward Waiyaki Erik Matthysen 《Conservation Genetics》2000,1(1):45-55
Analysis of 155 individuals with seven polymorphicmicrosatellite DNA markers showed significant genetic differentiationbetween the only three remaining subpopulations of the globally,critically-endangered Taita thrush. Small, recently-disturbedsubpopulations such as studied here may violate the assumptions ofmutation-drift and gene flow-drift equilibrium inherent to mostpopulation genetic tools that estimate gene flow. We thereforeidentified putative dispersers using two recently-developed assignmenttests based on individual genotypes. Previous-generation and currentmigration rates between any two subpopulations were estimated at one andzero individuals per generation, respectively. Strong congruence withnon-genetic estimates of between-fragment dispersal provided indirectevidence for the accuracy of the assignment test. From a conservationperspective, the available demographic and genetic data suggest asubstantial threat to the long-term survival of at least the smallestsubpopulation. 相似文献
64.
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66.
W. THEUNIS S. BLÄHSER R. HUYBRECHTS A. DE LOOF 《Invertebrate reproduction & development.》2013,57(1-3):111-117
Summary Materials immunologically related to luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) were localised in cerebral tissue of Locusta migratoria and Sarcophaga bullata by means of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Several polyclonal and a monoclonal antisera were used. From the third larval instar a positive reaction was observed in cells located in several parts of the brain. Each antiserum reacted with a constant number of well defined cells and nerve fibers. No differences between sexes were observed. 相似文献
67.
Galy A Schenck A Sahin HB Qurashi A Sahel JA Diebold C Giangrande A 《Developmental biology》2011,(1):37-46
Cell rearrangements shape organs and organisms using molecular pathways and cellular processes that are still poorly understood. Here we investigate the role of the Actin cytoskeleton in the formation of the Drosophila compound eye, which requires extensive remodeling and coordination between different cell types. We show that CYFIP/Sra-1, a member of the WAVE/SCAR complex and regulator of Actin remodeling, controls specific aspects of eye architecture: rhabdomere extension, rhabdomere terminal web organization, adherens junctions, retina depth and basement membrane integrity. We demonstrate that some phenotypes manifest independently, due to defects in different cell types. Mutations in WAVE/SCAR and in ARP2/3 complex subunits but not in WASP, another major regulator of Actin nucleation, phenocopy CYFIP defects. Thus, the CYFIP-SCAR-ARP2/3 pathway orchestrates specific tissue remodeling processes. 相似文献
68.
Yun J. Zhu Heather McCafferty Greg Osterman Steven Lim Ricelle Agbayani Axel Lehrer Susan Schenck Ewald Komor 《Transgenic research》2011,20(3):503-512
Sugarcane yellow leaf syndrome, characterized by a yellowing of the leaf midrib followed by leaf necrosis and growth suppression,
is caused by sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV). We produced SCYLV-resistant transgenic sugarcane from a susceptible cultivar (H62-4671) and determined the amount
of virus present following inoculation. The transgenic plants were produced through biolistic bombardment of cell cultures
with an untranslatable coat protein gene. Presence of the transgene in regenerated plants was confirmed using PCR and Southern
blot analysis. The transgenic lines were inoculated by viruliferous aphids and the level of SCYLV in the plants was determined.
Six out of nine transgenic lines had at least 103-fold lower virus titer than the non-transformed, susceptible parent line. This resistance level, as measured by virus titer
and symptom development, was similar to that of a resistant cultivar (H78-4153). The selected SCYLV-resistant transgenic sugarcane
lines will be available for integration of the resistance gene into other commercial cultivars and for quantification of viral
effects on yield. 相似文献
69.
A genome survey of Moniliophthora perniciosa gives new insights into Witches' Broom Disease of cacao
Jorge MC Mondego Marcelo F Carazzolle Gustavo GL Costa Eduardo F Formighieri Lucas P Parizzi Johana Rincones Carolina Cotomacci Dirce M Carraro Anderson F Cunha Helaine Carrer Ramon O Vidal Raíssa C Estrela Odalys García Daniela PT Thomazella Bruno V de Oliveira Acássia BL Pires Carolina S Maria Rio Marcos Renato R Araújo Marcos H de Moraes Luis AB Castro Karina P Gramacho Marilda S Gonçalves José P Moura Neto Aristóteles Góes Neto Luciana V Barbosa Mark J Guiltinan Bryan A Bailey Lyndel W Meinhardt Julio CM Cascardo Gonçalo AG Pereira 《BMC genomics》2008,9(1):1-25
70.
Michele Guescini Davide Sisti Marco BL Rocchi Laura Stocchi Vilberto Stocchi 《BMC bioinformatics》2008,9(1):326