Measurements on the grade of the human skull base and angle determinations]

1. The angle between the Os sphenoidale and the Clivus has been determined on 106 skulls. The mean was 117.68 degrees. 2. The altitude of the Foramen magnum with respect to the Frankfort plane was determined at -1.96 cm on the average. 3. The angle of inclination of the Foramen magnum to the Frankfort plane was determined from the altitude of the Basion and Opisthion and from the length of the Foramen magnum. The mean was -13.71 degrees. 4. In the inner base of the skull the altitudes of following structures have been determined: Planum sphenoidale (mean 2.34 cm), ground of the Fossa hypophysialis (1.32 cm), ground of the middle cranial fossa (-0.03 cm), ground of the posterior cranial fossa (-2.30 cm), upper edge of the Os petrosum (1.12 cm), Tuberculum jugulare (-0.21 cm), ground of the Meatus acusticus internus (0.45 cm). 5. In order to provide numerical data for the step-like building of the inner base of the skull, the differences between the altitudes of important structures from the inner base have been determined: Margo superior partis petrosae - Tuberculum jugulare (mean 1.35 cm). Opisthion - ground of the posterior cranial fossa (0.11 cm), Planum sphenoidale - ground of the middle cranial fossa (2.38 cm), ground of the middle cranial fossa - ground of the posterior cranial fossa (2.27 cm), Margo superior partis petrosae - ground of the posterior cranial fossa (3.35 cm), Margo superior partis petrosae - ground of the middle cranial fossa (1.15 cm).     

Role of carbohydrate in determining the immunochemical properties of the major glycoprotein (gp71) of Friend murine leukemia virus.

Treatment of Friend leukemia virus gp71 with protease-free glycosidase enzymes results in removal of the major portion of the carbohydrate without affecting the amount of protein present. The digested material migrates as protein of about 60,000 to 65,000 molecular weight on sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Analyses of the serological properties of gp71 after enzyme treatment indicated that the type, group, and interspecies determinants were not destroyed. In contrast, treatment with proteolytic enzymes led to the complete destruction of the gp71 molecule, including the total elimination of its serological reactivity as measured by direct and competition radioimmunoassay and by a serum cytotoxicity assay. We conclude that the carbohydrate portion of gp71 is not of major significance in defining the antigenic determinants of this viral glycoprotein.     

Die flavonolglykoside von Equisetum silvaticum

Ten glycosides of kaempferol and quercetin, including the hitherto unknown kaempferol and quercetin 3-rutinoside-7-rhamnosides, have been isolated from Equisetum silvaticum L.     

Maturation of a hypermodified nucleoside in transfer RNA.

E. coli C6 rel- met- cys- was cultured in a fully supplemented medium and in media lacking cysteine or methionine. tRNA isolated from the three cultures containted, respectively, a normal complement of modified nucleosides; a deficiency in thiolated nucleosides and a deficiency in methylated nucleosides. Both sulfur-deficient tRNA and methyl-deficient tRNA contained large amounts of N-6- (delta-2-isopentenyl) adenosine and small amounts of the 2-methylthio derivative. Methyl-deficient tRNA contained, in addition a large amount of a cytokinin active, differently modified nucleoside that is believed to be a sulfur derivative of N6-(delta-2-isopentenyl) adenosine. The structure of this compound is unknown. When methly-deficient tRNA and the precusor the tRNA-Tyr su3-+ A25 were enzymatically methylated in vitro, methyl groups were incorporated into derivatives of isopentenyladenosine. These results indicate that the biosynthesis of the 2-methylthio derivative of isopentenyladenosine may occur in a sequential manner, i.e., thiolation of isopentenyladenosine followed by methylation.     

Family studies of hereditary hemochromatosis in Denmark and the Faroe Islands

Summary Pedigree studies were performed based on one Faroese and four Danish probands with overt idiopathic hemochromatosis (IH). The study consisted of HLA typing and determination of biochemical iron status indicators (serum transferrin saturation, serum ferritin). In total, 130 persons were evaluated. The screening identified 6 homozygous (h/h) subjects with preclinical IH, 46 heterozygous (h/n), and 8 normal (n/n) subjects, while 39 subjects were classified as normal or heterozygous (n/h?). One family demonstrated both a homozygous x heterozygous as well as a heterozygous x heterozygous mating. Recombination between the HLA region and IH locus occurred possibly in three subjects in three different families. The significance of detailed screening in families with probands with IH is discussed.