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31.
Akira Sawaguchi Hiromasa Tojo Jun-ichi Kawano Mitsuhiro Okamoto Tatsuo Suganuma 《Histochemistry and cell biology》2001,116(4):361-369
High-pressure freezing/freeze substitution followed by Lowicryl K4M embedding provided an excellent morphology and antigenicity of the gastric glands, as well as the intraluminal fluid contents. Taking advantage of this, we histochemically investigated the secretory dynamics of the zymogenic contents in rat gastric gland, with special references to phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) and phospholipase Cgamma1 (PLCgamma1). The combination of immunogold labeling and KMnO4-uranyl acetate-lead citrate staining for zymogenic contents clearly demonstrated the rapid diffusion of PLA(2) molecules from the exocytosed zymogenic contents into the mucinous contents in gastric glandular lumens. In contrast, the exocytosed PLCgamma1 molecules remained within the zymogenic contents in the glandular lumens. These findings indicated the distinction between the exocytosed PLA(2) and PLCgamma1 in their diffusion rate. In addition, the mucinous contents surrounding the exocytosed zymogenic contents were intensely labeled with Griffonia simplicifolia II lectin which specifically recognizes the mucin of mucous neck cells. Interestingly, some of the PLA(2) immunolabeling on the mucinous contents was associated with the apical membranes of gastric epithelial cells, especially that of parietal cells. The secretory dynamics of the zymogenic contents in rat gastric glands, including their interaction with the mucinous contents are discussed. 相似文献
32.
Y. Nakagome T. Ise M. Sakurai T. Nakajo E. Okamoto T. Takano Y. Nakahori Y. Tsuchida N. Nagahara Y. Takada Y. Ohsawa S. Sawaguchi A. Toyosaka N. Kobayashi E. Matsunaga S. Saito 《Human genetics》1984,67(3):245-248
Summary We attempted to determine wheter all cases of AWTA (anirida-Wilms tumor association) or any of the following groups of patients show 11p deletion: cases of Wilms tumor with congenital abnormalities other than aniridia, those without any congenital abnormalities, tumor itself in cases of Wilsm tumor without constitutional 11p deletion and cases of aniridia or hemihypertrophy without Wilms tumor. We studied a total of 29 index patients including five cases of AWTA, four cases of Wilms tumor with various congenital abnormalities, 16 cases of Wilms tumor without other abnormalities, three cases of aniridia in one of which Wilms tumor developed later and a case of hemihypertrophy.In all five cases of AWTA and in a case of aniridia who later developed Wilms tumor, 11p deletion involving the p13 band was detected. The mother of the latter also showed an identical 11p deletion. The common segment of deletion was the middle part of the p13. Two possible hypotheses on the mechanism through which Wilms tumor might develop were evaluated, based on the distribution of break points. All other cases, including five with tumor culture, showed a normal karyotype. 相似文献
33.
S Sawaguchi B Y Yue I L Chang F Wong E J Higginbotham 《Cellular and molecular biology, including cyto-enzymology》1992,38(6):587-604
The trabecular meshwork, a specialized tissue in the anterior chamber of the eye, plays a major role in the regulation of aqueous humor outflow. We studied the effects of ascorbic acid, a significant component in the aqueous humor, on gene expression of type I collagen in cultures of bovine trabecular meshwork cells. These cells were plated for 6 days, exposed to ascorbic acid in concentrations of 100, 250 and 500 micrograms/ml for 3 days and labeled with (3H)proline for the last 24 hrs. Cultures that did not receive ascorbic acid served as controls. Bacterial collagenase assays showed enhanced incorporation of (3H)proline into collagenous proteins in cultures treated with 100 and 250 micrograms/ml of ascorbic acid. Gel electrophoresis and fluorography revealed that ascorbic acid caused a 2.6- to 4.9-fold increase in production of alpha 1 (I) and alpha 2(I) collagen chains by trabecular meshwork cells. Such an increase was found, using a cDNA probe specific for pro alpha 1(I) chains, to be accompanied by an increase in steady-state mRNA levels. Similar findings were also yielded from in situ hybridization experiments. These results, coupled with previously demonstrated ascorbate-induced effects on glycosaminoglycan, fibronectin and laminin synthesis, suggest that ascorbic acid is a key mediator of the extracellular matrix production by trabecular meshwork cells. Fluctuations in its concentration may lead to alterations in the makeup and assembly of matrices underlying the cells. 相似文献
34.
T Sawaguchi 《Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology》1992,58(3):130-145
In an attempt to reveal factors associated with neocortical development in monkeys and apes (anthropoids), relationships between the relative size of the neocortex and differences in ecology and social structure were examined for 24 genera of 11 subfamilies. Relative sizes of the neocortex (RSNs) in a given group were assessed as the difference between actual neocortical volume and the volume expected from an allometric relationship between neocortical volume and the volume of the rest of the brain. We found that RSNs are related to diet and social structure: frugivorous anthropoids had higher values of RSNs than folivorous anthropoids, and polygynous anthropoids had significantly higher values of RSNs than monogynous anthropoids. Furthermore, RSNs were positively correlated with the size of the troop. These results suggest that development of the neocortex is associated with both diet and social structure in anthropoids. 相似文献
35.
Selection pressures in the evolution of morphological characters which are exclusive to primates were discussed. While the
evolutionary change in some morphological characters of primates can be explained by natural or sexual selection, there are
also morphological characters of primates, such as some regions of neocortices, which are involved in social interactions
and whose evolutionary changes can hardly be explained by natural or sexual selection alone. Furthermore, recent studies have
demonstrated that relative sizes of brain, neocortex and some thalamic nuclei of brains differ significantly by social structure
in primates. Based on these and other findings, we propose here that “active” selection pressures may have favored a variety
of morphological characters related to social interactions, the selection pressures which are derived from social interactions
and are operative within animals or troops. The introduction of concept of active selection will be useful in developing conceptual
frameworks for understanding of the mechanism of evolution of primates, in particular, of hominids. 相似文献
36.
Reading BJ Hiramatsu N Sawaguchi S Matsubara T Hara A Lively MO Sullivan CV 《Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)》2009,11(2):169-187
Three complete cDNAs encoding different forms of vitellogenin (Vtg) were isolated from a white perch (Morone americana) liver cDNA library and characterized with respect to immunobiochemical and functional features of the three Vtgs and their
product yolk proteins (YPs) in this species and in the congeneric striped bass (Morone saxatilis). The two longest cDNAs encoded Vtgs with a complete suite of yolk protein domains that, based on comparisons with vtg sequences from other species, were categorized as VtgAa and VtgAb using the current nomenclature for multiple teleost Vtgs.
The shorter cDNA encoded a Vtg that lacked a phosvitin domain, had a shortened C-terminus, and was categorized as VtgC. Mapping
of peptide sequences from the purified Vtgs and their derived YPs to Vtg sequences deduced from the cDNAs definitively identified
the white perch VtgAa, VtgAb, and VtgC proteins. Detailed comparisons of the primary structures of each Vtg with partial or
complete sequences of Morone yolk proteins or of Vtgs from other fishes revealed conserved and variant structural elements of teleost Vtgs with functional
significance, including, as examples, signal peptide cleavage sites, dimerization sites, cathepsin D protease recognition
sites, and receptor-binding domains. These comparisons also yielded an interim revision of the classification scheme for multiple
teleost Vtgs.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
37.
Sawaguchi S Kagawa H Ohkubo N Hiramatsu N Sullivan CV Matsubara T 《Molecular reproduction and development》2006,73(6):719-736
Full-length cDNAs encoding three forms of vitellogenin (Vg) were obtained from a liver cDNA library of estrogen-treated red seabream, Pagrus major. Two of the three Vg sequences had high homology with type-A and -B Vgs (VgA and VgB) of other teleosts. The third red seabream Vg was classified as a type-C or phosvitinless (Pvl) Vg due to its lack of a phosvitin (Pv) domain. Two Vg preparations (610 and 340 kDa) from blood serum of estradiol-treated fish were biochemically characterized. Analyses of precursor-product relationships by examination of N-terminal amino acid sequences verified cleavage of the 610 kDa Vg into a 540 kDa lipovitellin (Lv) and a 32 kDa beta'-component. Each of these yolk preparations comprising both VgA- and VgB-derived polypeptides. The 340 kDa Vg, which was immunologically verified to be a PvlVg, was accumulated by vitellogenic oocytes with no alterations to its native molecular mass. During oocyte maturation, the VgA- and VgB-derived yolk proteins were differentially processed, presumably to generate a pool of free amino acids for oocyte hydration or for allocation of specific types of nutrients, amino acids, and proteins, to the developing embryo. Conversely, the 340 kDa Vg-derived yolk protein is unlikely to contribute to oocyte hydration or diffusible nutrients since the molecule underwent only minor proteolytic nicking during oogenesis. The present study elucidates for the first time specific functions of three different forms of Vg and their product yolk proteins in a higher taxonomic group of marine teleosts that spawn pelagic eggs. 相似文献
38.
Sayaka Akieda-Asai Masako Sugiyama Takashi Miyazawa Shuichi Koda Ichiro Okano Kazuyo Senba Paul-Emile Poleni Yoshiyuki Hizukuri Atsushi Okamoto Kenichi Yamahara Eri Mutoh Fumiyo Aoyama Akira Sawaguchi Mayumi Furuya Mikiya Miyazato Kenji Kangawa Yukari Date 《Journal of lipid research》2013,54(1):85-96
A high-fat diet (HFD) is a well-known contributing factor in the development of obesity. Most rats fed HFDs become obese. Those that avoid obesity when fed HFDs are considered diet resistant (DR). We performed a microarray screen to identify genes specific to the mesenteric fat of DR rats and revealed high expression of guanylin and guanylyl cyclase C (GC-C) in some subjects. Our histologic studies revealed that the cellular source of guanylin and GC-C is macrophages. Therefore, we developed double-transgenic (Tg) rats overexpressing guanylin and GC-C in macrophages and found that they were resistant to the effects of HFDs. In the mesenteric fat of HFD-fed Tg rats, Fas and perilipin mRNAs were downregulated, and those of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation were upregulated, compared with the levels in HFD-fed wild-type rats. In vitro studies demonstrated that lipid accumulation was markedly inhibited in adipocytes cocultured with macrophages expressing guanylin and GC-C and that this inhibition was reduced after treatment with guanylin- and GC-C-specific siRNAs. Our results suggest that the macrophagic guanylin-GC-C system contributes to the altered expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, leading to resistance to obesity. 相似文献
39.
40.
Katsumata Y Kawaguchi Y Baba S Hattori S Tahara K Ito K Iwasaki T Yamaguchi N Oyama M Kozuka-Hata H Hattori H Nagata K Yamanaka H Hara M 《Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP》2011,10(6):M110.005330
Our objective was to identify new serum autoantibodies associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), focusing on those found in patients with central nervous system (CNS) syndromes. Autoantigens in human brain proteins were screened by multiple proteomic analyses: two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis/Western blots followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis and immunoprecipitation followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry shotgun analysis. The presence of serum IgG autoantibodies against 11 selected recombinant antigens was assessed by Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the sera of 106 SLE patients and 100 normal healthy controls. The O.D. values in sera from SLE patients were significantly higher than those of controls for the antigens crystallin αB (p = 0.0002), esterase D (p = 0.0002), APEX nuclease 1 (p < 0.0001), ribosomal protein P0 (p < 0.0001), and PA28γ (p = 0.0005); the first three are newly reported. The anti-esterase D antibody levels were significantly higher in the CNS group than in the non-CNS group (p = 0.016). Moreover, when the SLE patients were categorized using CNS manifestations indicating neurologic or psychiatric disorders, the anti-APEX nuclease 1 antibody levels were significantly elevated in SLE patients with psychiatric disorders (p = 0.037). In conclusion, the association of SLE with several new and previously reported autoantibodies has been demonstrated. Statistically significant associations between anti-esterase D antibodies and CNS syndromes as well as between anti-APEX nuclease 1 antibodies and psychiatric disorders in SLE were also demonstrated. The combined immunoproteomic approaches used in this study are reliable and effective methods for identifying SLE autoantigens. 相似文献