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91.
Tsutomu Yoshida Shoko Shinoda Tsuneya Matsumoto Satoru Watarai 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2013,77(12):3093-3095
A strain of Alcaligenes isolated from soil was a good producer of β-glucuronidase, and the enzyme was purified from the cell-free extract by sequential column chromatography on DEAE-Toyopearl, Toyopearl HW-55F, and Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B. By these procedures, two β-glucuronidases designated as β-glucuronidases I and II were purified 240- and 508-fold, respectively. β-Glucuronidase I, with a molecular weight of 75,000, had an optimum pH at 7.5 and the enzyme II, with a molecular weight of 300,000, had maximum activity at pH 6.0. Both enzymes were strongly inhibited by saccharo-1,4-lactone, glucaro-δ-lactam, p-chloromercuribenzoate, Hg2+, and N-bromosuccinimide. β-Glucuronidase I was active toward estrogen-3-β-glucuronides and inert toward β-glucuronide conjugates of menthol, estrogen-17β-, estrogen-16α-, androsterone-3α-, testosterone-17β-, cortisol-17α-. β-Glucuronidase II hydrolyzed all of these substrates. β-Glucuronidase I was inhibited by phenolphthalein and its glucuronide. 相似文献
92.
Yoshiki Koriyama Yusuke Takagi Kenzo Chiba Matsumi Yamazaki Kayo Sugitani Kunizo Arai Hirokazu Suzuki Satoru Kato 《PloS one》2013,8(8)
Like other CNS neurons, mature retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are unable to regenerate their axons after nerve injury due to a diminished intrinsic regenerative capacity. One of the reasons why they lose the capacity for axon regeneration seems to be associated with a dramatic shift in RGCs’ program of gene expression by epigenetic modulation. We recently reported that (1R)-isoPropyloxygenipin (IPRG001), a genipin derivative, has both neuroprotective and neurite outgrowth activities in murine RGC-5 retinal precursor cells. These effects were both mediated by nitric oxide (NO)/S-nitrosylation signaling. Neuritogenic activity was mediated by S-nitrosylation of histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC2), which subsequently induced retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ) expression via chromatin remodeling in vitro. RARβ plays important roles of neural growth and differentiation in development. However, the role of RARβ expression during adult rat optic nerve regeneration is not clear. In the present study, we extended this hypothesis to examine optic nerve regeneration by IPRG001 in adult rat RGCs in vivo. We found a correlation between RARβ expression and neurite outgrowth with age in the developing rat retina. Moreover, we found that IPRG001 significantly induced RARβ expression in adult rat RGCs through the S-nitrosylation of HDAC2 processing mechanism. Concomitant with RARβ expression, adult rat RGCs displayed a regenerative capacity for optic axons in vivo by IPRG001 treatment. These neuritogenic effects of IPRG001 were specifically suppressed by siRNA for RARβ. Thus, the dual neuroprotective and neuritogenic actions of genipin via S-nitrosylation might offer a powerful therapeutic tool for the treatment of RGC degenerative disorders. 相似文献
93.
Yuji Shimizu Mio Nakazato Takaharu Sekita Koichiro Kadota Kazuhiko Arima Hironori Yamasaki Hisashi Goto Satoshi Shirahama Noboru Takamura Kiyoshi Aoyagi Takahiro Maeda 《Journal of physiological anthropology》2013,32(1):19
Background
Previous studies have reported an inverse association between height and risk of cardiovascular disease. However, evidence is limited for the association between risk of atherosclerosis and height. Further, although the association between atherosclerosis and body mass index (BMI) is reportedly positive, there have been no reports of studies on associations between height and atherosclerosis in relation to BMI.Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of Japanese men aged 30 to 89 years undergoing general health check-ups.Results
Of the 1,337 men, 312 were diagnosed with carotid atherosclerosis (carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) ≥ 1.1 mm), but no significant association was found between height and carotid atherosclerosis for the entire study group. Stratification by BMI status of those analytical findings disclosed a significant inverse association between height and carotid atherosclerosis among overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) but not among non-overweight (BMI < 25 kg/m2) men. The classical cardiovascular risk factors-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of carotid atherosclerosis for an increment of one SD (standard deviation) in height (6.70 cm) were 0.71 (0.54 to 0.94) for overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and 1.05 (0.87 to 1.27) for non-overweight (BMI < 25 kg/m2) men.Conclusion
Independent from classical cardiovascular risk factors, height was found to be inversely associated with carotid atherosclerosis for overweight but not for non-overweight men. 相似文献94.
Issei Ueda Shingo Kakeda Keita Watanabe Reiji Yoshimura Taro Kishi Osamu Abe Satoru Ide Junji Moriya Asuka Katsuki Hikaru Hori Nakao Iwata Jun Nakamura Yukunori Korogi 《PloS one》2016,11(3)
Background
Earlier studies implicated norepinephrine transporter (NET) gene (SLC6A2) polymorphisms in the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Recently, two single nucleotide SLC6A2 polymorphisms, G1287A in exon 9 and T-182C in the promoter region, were found to be associated with MDD in different populations. We investigated the relationship between the brain volume and these two polymorphisms of the SLC6A2 in MDD patients.Methods
We obtained 3D high-resolution T1-weighted images of 30 first-episode MDD patients and 48 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects (HS). All were divided into 4 groups based on polymorphism of either the G1287A or the T-182C genotype. VBM analysis examined the effects of diagnosis, genotype, and genotype-diagnosis interactions.Results
Diagnosis effects on the brain morphology were found in the left superior temporal cortex. No significant genotype effects were found in the T-182C and the G1287A. A significant genotype (G1287A)–diagnosis interaction was found in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. No significant genotype (T-182C)–diagnosis interaction effects were observed in any brain region.Conclusions
In MDD patients there seems to be a relationship between the volume of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and polymorphism of the SLC6A2 G1287A gene. 相似文献95.
96.
Al‐Sayed Al‐Soudy Tsuyoshi Nakanishi Seiya Mizuno Yoshikazu Hasegawa Hossam H. Shawki Megumi C. Katoh Walaa A. Basha Abdelaziz E. Ibrahim Hany A. El‐Shemy Hiroyoshi Iseki Atsushi Yoshiki Youhei Hiromori Hisamitsu Nagase Satoru Takahashi Hisashi Oishi Fumihiro Sugiyama 《Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000)》2016,54(7):389-397
Spermatogenesis is a complex and highly regulated process by which spermatogonial stem cells differentiate into spermatozoa. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of the process, the Cre/loxP system has been widely utilized for conditional gene knockout in mice. In this study, we generated a transgenic mouse line that expresses Cre recombinase under the control of the 2.5 kbp of the Prolactin family 3, subfamily b, member 1 (Prl3b1) gene promoter (Prl3b1‐cre). Prl3b1 was initially reported to code for placental lactogen 2 (PL‐2) protein in placenta along with increased expression toward the end of pregnancy. PL‐2 was found to be expressed in germ cells in the testis, especially in spermatocytes. To analyze the specificity and efficiency of Cre recombinase activity in Prl3b1‐cre mice, the mice were mated with reporter R26GRR mice, which express GFP ubiquitously before and tdsRed exclusively after Cre recombination. The systemic examination of Prl3b1‐cre;R26GRR mice revealed that tdsRed‐positive cells were detected only in the testis and epididymis. Fluorescence imaging of Prl3b1‐cre;R26GRR testes suggested that Cre‐mediated recombination took place in the germ cells with approximately 74% efficiency determined by in vitro fertilization. In conclusion, our results suggest that the Prl3b1‐cre mice line provides a unique resource to understand testicular germ‐cell development. genesis 54:389–397, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
97.
Mari Kawamura Tadashi Yamamoto Keisuke Yamashiro Shinsuke Kochi Chiaki Yoshihara‐Hirata Hidetaka Ideguchi Hiroaki Aoyagi Kazuhiro Omori Shogo Takashiba 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2019,23(2):1211-1223
The recruitment of tissue‐resident stem cells is important for wound regeneration. Periodontal ligament cells (PDL cells) are heterogeneous cell populations with stemness features that migrate into wound sites to regenerate periodontal fibres and neighbouring hard tissues. Cell migration is regulated by the local microenvironment, coordinated by growth factors and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Integrin‐mediated cell adhesion to the ECM provides essential signals for migration. We hypothesized that PDL cell migration could be enhanced by selective expression of integrins. The migration of primary cultured PDL cells was induced by platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB). The effects of blocking specific integrins on migration and ECM adhesion were investigated based on the integrin expression profiles observed during migration. Up‐regulation of integrins α3, α5, and fibronectin was identified at distinct localizations in migrating PDL cells. Treatment with anti‐integrin α5 antibodies inhibited PDL cell migration. Treatment with anti‐integrin α3, α3‐blocking peptide, and α3 siRNA significantly enhanced cell migration, comparable to treatment with PDGF‐BB. Furthermore, integrin α3 inhibition preferentially enhanced adhesion to fibronectin via integrin α5. These findings indicate that PDL cell migration is reciprocally regulated by integrin α3‐mediated inhibition and α5‐mediated promotion. Thus, targeting integrin expression is a possible therapeutic strategy for periodontal regeneration. 相似文献
98.
Takefumi Yamashita Eiichi Mizohata Satoru Nagatoishi Takahiro Watanabe Makoto Nakakido Hiroko Iwanari Yasuhiro Mochizuki Taisuke Nakayama Yuji Kado Yuki Yokota Hiroyoshi Matsumura Takeshi Kawamura Tatsuhiko Kodama Takao Hamakubo Tsuyoshi Inoue Hideaki Fujitani Kouhei Tsumoto 《Structure (London, England : 1993)》2019,27(3):519-527.e5
99.
Small-angle X-ray scattering experiments were carried out to investigate the structural changes of cardiac thin filaments induced by the cardiomyopathy-causing E244D mutation in troponin T (TnT). We examined native thin filaments (NTF) from a bovine heart, reconstituted thin filaments containing human cardiac wild-type Tn (WTF), and filaments containing the E244D mutant of Tn (DTF), in the absence and presence of Ca2+. Analysis by model calculation showed that upon Ca2+-activation, tropomyosin (Tm) and Tn in the WTF and NTF moved together in a direction to expose myosin-binding sites on actin. On the other hand, Tm and Tn of the DTF moved in the opposite directions to each other upon Ca2+-activation. These movements caused Tm to expose more myosin-binding sites on actin than the WTF, suggesting that the affinity of myosin for actin is higher for the DTF. Thus, the mutation-induced structural changes in thin filaments would increase the number of myosin molecules bound to actin compared with the WTF, resulting in the force enhancement observed for the E244D mutation. 相似文献
100.
Takashi Yazawa Yoshitaka Imamichi Koh‐ichi Yuhki Junsuke Uwada Daisuke Mikami Masayuki Shimada Kaoru Miyamoto Takeshi Kitano Satoru Takahashi Toshio Sekiguchi Nobuo Suzuki Md. Rafiqul Islam Khan Fumitaka Ushikubi Akihiro Umezawa Takanobu Taniguchi 《Molecular reproduction and development》2019,86(7):786-797