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991.
Yamaguchi S Nishida Y Sasaki K Kambara M Kim CL Ishiguro N Nagatsuka T Uzawa H Horiuchi M 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2006,349(2):485-491
Sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and sulfated glycans inhibit formation of the abnormal isoform of prion protein (PrPSc) in prion-infected cells and prolong the incubation time of scrapie-infected animals. Sulfation of GAGs is not tightly regulated and possible sites of sulfation are randomly modified, which complicates elucidation of the fundamental structures of GAGs that mediate the inhibition of PrPSc formation. To address the structure-activity relationship of GAGs in the inhibition of PrPSc formation, we screened the ability of various regioselectively O-sulfated glycopyranosides to inhibit PrPSc formation in prion-infected cells. Among the glycopyranosides and their polymers examined, monomeric 4-sulfo-N-acetyl-glucosamine (4SGN), and two glycopolymers, poly-4SGN and poly-6-sulfo-N-acetyl-glucosamine (poly-6SGN), inhibited PrPSc formation with 50% effective doses below 20 microg/ml, and their inhibitory effect became more evident with consecutive treatments. Structural comparisons suggested that a combination of an N-acetyl group at C-2 and an O-sulfate group at either O-4 or O-6 on glucopyranoside might be involved in the inhibition of PrPSc formation. Furthermore, polymeric but not monomeric 6SGN inhibited PrPSc formation, suggesting the importance of a polyvalent configuration in its effect. These results indicate that the synthetic sulfated glycosides are useful not only for the analysis of structure-activity relationship of GAGs but also for the development of therapeutics for prion diseases. 相似文献
992.
A triad of serum response factor and the GATA and NK families governs the transcription of smooth and cardiac muscle genes. 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
993.
Satoko Watanabe Takehiro Kokuho Hitomi Takahashi Masashi Takahashi Takayuki Kubota Shigeki Inumaru 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2002,277(7):5090-5093
We investigated the ability of a baculovirus-insect cell system to produce sialylated glycoproteins. Despite the presence of enzymes for synthesizing complex-type N-glycans, the most frequent structure of insect N-glycan is the paucimannosidic type, Man(3)GlcNAc(2)(+/-Fuc). The reason for the overwhelming assembly of paucimannosidic N-glycans is not yet well understood. We hypothesized that this predominance might be due to insect-specific, Golgi-associated beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (GlcNAcase)-mediated removal of N-acetylglucosamine residues from the precursor N-glycan, thereby preventing its galactosylation and terminal sialylation. As we expected, the suppression of intrinsic GlcNAcase activity with a specific inhibitor, 2-acetamido-1,2-dideoxynojirimycin, allowed the accumulation of sialylated glycoproteins in the supernatants of insect cell cultures after baculoviral infection. Our observation indicates that GlcNAcase-dependent depletion of N-acetylglucosamine residues from intermediate N-glycans is critical for the assembly of paucimannosidic N-glycans in insect cells and, more importantly, that insect cells (under specific conditions) retain the ability to construct sialylated N-glycans like those in mammalian cells. 相似文献
994.
Nana Kato Satoko Kawabe Natsuki Ganeko Morio Yoshimura Yoshiaki Amakura 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2017,81(7):1285-1288
We investigated the inhibitory effects of several plant extracts on advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation. Among tested samples, the flower extract of Magnolia coco showed significant inhibition of AGE formation. We isolated and characterized procyanidin oligomer and four other compounds from the flowers, and evaluated their inhibitory effects on AGE formation and the AGE-derived crosslink-cleaving activity of the isolated compounds. 相似文献
995.
Satoko Miyatake Satomi Mitsuhashi Yukiko K. Hayashi Enkhsaikhan Purevjav Atsuko Nishikawa Eriko Koshimizu Mikiya Suzuki Kana Yatabe Yuzo Tanaka Katsuhisa Ogata Satoshi Kuru Masaaki Shiina Yoshinori Tsurusaki Mitsuko Nakashima Takeshi Mizuguchi Noriko Miyake Hirotomo Saitsu Kazuhiro Ogata Naomichi Matsumoto 《American journal of human genetics》2017,100(1):169-178
996.
Ambrin Fatima Jan Hoeber Jens Schuster Eriko Koshimizu Carolina Maya-Gonzalez Boris Keren Cyril Mignot Talia Akram Zafar Ali Satoko Miyatake Junpei Tanigawa Takayoshi Koike Mitsuhiro Kato Yoshiko Murakami Uzma Abdullah Muhammad Akhtar Ali Rein Fadoul Loora Laan Casimiro Castillejo-Lpez Maarika Liik Zhe Jin Bryndis Birnir Naomichi Matsumoto Shahid M. Baig Joakim Klar Niklas Dahl 《American journal of human genetics》2022,109(3):542-546
997.
Viruses are widespread in all major groups of fungi. The transmission of fungal viruses occurs intracellularly during cell division, sporogenesis, and cell fusion. They apparently lack an extracellular route for infection. Recent searches of the collections of field fungal isolates have detected an increasing number of novel viruses and lead to discoveries of novel genome organizations, expression strategies and virion structures. Those findings enhanced our understanding of virus diversity and evolution. The majority of fungal viruses have dsRNA genomes packaged in spherical particles, while ssRNA mycoviruses, possessing or lacking the ability to form particles, have increasingly been reported. This review article discusses the current status of mycovirus studies and virocontrol (biocontrol) of phytopathogenic fungi using viruses that infect them and reduce their virulence. Selected examples of virocontrol-associated systems include the chestnut/chestnut blight/hypovirus and fruit trees/white root rot fungus/mycoviruses. Natural dissemination and artificial introduction of hypovirulent fungal strains efficiently contributed to virocontrol of chestnut blight in European forests. Attempts to control white root rot with hypovirulence-conferring mycoviruses are now being made in Japan. 相似文献
998.
Localization of organic anion transporting polypeptide 3 (oatp3) in mouse brain parenchymal and capillary endothelial cells 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Ohtsuki S Takizawa T Takanaga H Hori S Hosoya K Terasaki T 《Journal of neurochemistry》2004,90(3):743-749
Organic anion transporting polypeptide 3 (oatp3) transports various CNS-acting endogenous compounds, including thyroid hormones and prostaglandin E2, between extra- and intracellular spaces, suggesting a possible role in CNS function. The purpose of this study was to clarify the expression and localization of oatp3 in the mouse brain. RT-PCR analysis revealed that oatp3 mRNA is expressed in brain capillary-rich fraction, conditionally immortalized brain capillary endothelial cells, choroid plexus, brain and lung, but not in liver or kidney, where oatp1, 2 and 5 mRNAs were detected. Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-oatp3 antibody suggests that oatp3 protein is localized at the brush-border membrane of mouse choroid plexus epithelial cells. Furthermore, intense immunoreactivity was detected in neural cells in the border region between hypothalamus and thalamus, and in the olfactory bulb. Immunoreactivity was also detected in brain capillary endothelial cells in the cerebral cortex. These localizations in the mouse brain suggest that oatp3 plays roles in blood-brain and -cerebrospinal fluid barrier transport of organic anions and signal mediators, and in hormone uptake by neural cells. 相似文献
999.
We studied the biochemical properties of a plant receptor-like kinase to gain insights into the regulatory mechanism of this largest class of plant kinases. SYMRK (symbiosis receptor kinase) is required for early signal transduction leading to plant root symbioses with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and phosphate-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Amino acid substitutions in positions critical for activity of other related kinases cause a nonsymbiotic plant phenotype, suggesting that SYMRK kinase activity is required for symbiosis. SYMRK is capable of intermolecular autophosphorylation. Nonphosphorylated SYMRK is less active than the phosphorylated version, suggesting the phosphorylation status of SYMRK determines its activity. Three Ser/Thr residues were identified as residues required for full kinase activation through targeted mutagenesis. Using quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis, two of these were confirmed to be phosphorylated in vitro. These crucial phosphorylation sites are conserved among various plant receptor-like kinases as well as animal Pelle/interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase. Despite the distinct domain architecture of receptor-like kinases versus Pelle/interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase, our results suggest the existence of conserved activation mechanisms. 相似文献
1000.