全文获取类型
收费全文 | 175篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 10篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 11篇 |
2011年 | 24篇 |
2010年 | 10篇 |
2009年 | 6篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 9篇 |
2006年 | 11篇 |
2005年 | 8篇 |
2004年 | 2篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有188条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Germanus S. Bah Sebastian Schneckener Steffen R. Hahnel Nicolas H. Bayang Helena Fieseler Gabriele M. Schmuck Ralph Krebber Anouk Sarr Carsten Terjung Henrietta F. Ngangyung David D. Ekale Youssouf M. Mfopit Lucien Rufener John Graham-Brown Vincent N. Tanya Martin Glenschek-Sieberth Daniel Kulke Benjamin L. Makepeace 《PLoS pathogens》2021,17(6)
Onchocerciasis (river blindness), caused by the filarial worm Onchocerca volvulus, is a neglected tropical disease mostly affecting sub-Saharan Africa and is responsible for >1.3 million years lived with disability. Current control relies almost entirely on ivermectin, which suppresses symptoms caused by the first-stage larvae (microfilariae) but does not kill the long-lived adults. Here, we evaluated emodepside, a semi-synthetic cyclooctadepsipeptide registered for deworming applications in companion animals, for activity against adult filariae (i.e., as a macrofilaricide). We demonstrate the equivalence of emodepside activity on SLO-1 potassium channels in Onchocerca volvulus and Onchocerca ochengi, its sister species from cattle. Evaluation of emodepside in cattle as single or 7-day treatments at two doses (0.15 and 0.75 mg/kg) revealed rapid activity against microfilariae, prolonged suppression of female worm fecundity, and macrofilaricidal effects by 18 months post treatment. The drug was well tolerated, causing only transiently increased blood glucose. Female adult worms were mostly paralyzed; however, some retained metabolic activity even in the multiple high-dose group. These data support ongoing clinical development of emodepside to treat river blindness. 相似文献
62.
Loucoubar C Paul R Bar-Hen A Huret A Tall A Sokhna C Trape JF Ly AB Faye J Badiane A Diakhaby G Sarr FD Diop A Sakuntabhai A Bureau JF 《PloS one》2011,6(9):e24085
Complex, high-dimensional data sets pose significant analytical challenges in the post-genomic era. Such data sets are not exclusive to genetic analyses and are also pertinent to epidemiology. There has been considerable effort to develop hypothesis-free data mining and machine learning methodologies. However, current methodologies lack exhaustivity and general applicability. Here we use a novel non-parametric, non-euclidean data mining tool, HyperCube®, to explore exhaustively a complex epidemiological malaria data set by searching for over density of events in m-dimensional space. Hotspots of over density correspond to strings of variables, rules, that determine, in this case, the occurrence of Plasmodium falciparum clinical malaria episodes. The data set contained 46,837 outcome events from 1,653 individuals and 34 explanatory variables. The best predictive rule contained 1,689 events from 148 individuals and was defined as: individuals present during 1992–2003, aged 1–5 years old, having hemoglobin AA, and having had previous Plasmodium malariae malaria parasite infection ≤10 times. These individuals had 3.71 times more P. falciparum clinical malaria episodes than the general population. We validated the rule in two different cohorts. We compared and contrasted the HyperCube® rule with the rules using variables identified by both traditional statistical methods and non-parametric regression tree methods. In addition, we tried all possible sub-stratified quantitative variables. No other model with equal or greater representativity gave a higher Relative Risk. Although three of the four variables in the rule were intuitive, the effect of number of P. malariae episodes was not. HyperCube® efficiently sub-stratified quantitative variables to optimize the rule and was able to identify interactions among the variables, tasks not easy to perform using standard data mining methods. Search of local over density in m-dimensional space, explained by easily interpretable rules, is thus seemingly ideal for generating hypotheses for large datasets to unravel the complexity inherent in biological systems. 相似文献
63.
Harding-Esch EM Holland MJ Schémann JF Molina S Sarr I Andreasen AA Roberts C Sillah A Sarr B Harding EF Edwards T Bailey RL Mabey DC 《PLoS neglected tropical diseases》2011,5(8):e1234
Background
The clinical signs of active trachoma are often present in the absence of ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in low prevalence and mass treated settings. Treatment decisions are currently based on the prevalence of clinical signs, and this may result in the unnecessary distribution of mass antibiotic treatment. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a prototype point-of-care (POC) test, developed for field diagnosis of ocular C. trachomatis, in low prevalence settings of The Gambia and Senegal.Methodology/Principal Findings
Three studies were conducted, two in The Gambia and one in Senegal. Children under the age of 10 years were screened for the clinical signs of trachoma. Two ocular swabs were taken from the right eye. The first swab was tested by the POC test in the field and the result independently graded by two readers. The second swab was tested for the presence of C. trachomatis by Amplicor Polymerase Chain Reaction. In Senegal, measurements of humidity and temperature in the field were taken. A total of 3734 children were screened, 950 in the first and 1171 in the second Gambian study, and 1613 in Senegal. The sensitivity of the prototype POC test ranged between 33.3–67.9%, the specificity between 92.4–99.0%, the positive predictive value between 4.3–21.0%, and the negative predictive value between 98.0–99.8%. The rate of false-positives increased markedly at temperatures above 31.4°C and relative humidities below 11.4%.Conclusions/Significance
In its present format, this prototype POC test is not suitable for field diagnosis of ocular C. trachomatis as its specificity decreases in hot and dry conditions: the environment in which trachoma is predominantly found. In the absence of a suitable test for infection, trachoma diagnosis remains dependent on clinical signs. Under current WHO recommendations, this is likely resulting in the continued mass treatment of non-infected communities. 相似文献64.
Mbaye PS Sarr A Sire JM Evra ML Ba A Daveiga J Diallo A Fall F Chartier L Simon F Vray M 《PloS one》2011,6(7):e22291
Background and Aims
Despite the high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Africa, few studies have been performed among African patients. We sought to evaluate liver stiffness measurement by FibroScan® (LSM) and two biochemical scores (FibroTest®, Fibrometer®) to diagnose liver fibrosis in Senegalese CHB patients with HBV plasma DNA load ≥3.2 log10 IU/mL and normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values.Methods
LSM and liver fibrosis biochemical markers were performed on 225 consecutive HBV infected Senegalese patients with high viral load. Patients with an LSM range between 7 and 13 kPa underwent liver biopsy (LB). Two experienced liver pathologists performed histological grading using Metavir and Ishak scoring.Results
225 patients were evaluated (84% male) and LB was performed in 69 patients, showing F2 and F3 fibrosis in 17% and 10% respectively. In these patients with a 7–13 kPa range of LSM, accuracy for diagnosis of significant fibrosis according to LB was unsatisfactory for all non-invasive markers with AUROCs below 0.70. For patients with LSM values below 7 kPa, FibroTest® (FT), and Fibrometer® (FM) using the cut-offs recommended by the test promoters suggested a fibrosis in 18% of cases for FT (8% severe fibrosis) and 8% for FM. For patients with LSM values greater than 13 kPa, FT, FM suggested a possible fibrosis in 73% and 70%, respectively.Conclusion
In highly replicative HBV-infected African patients with normal ALT and LSM value below 13 kPa, FibroScan®, FibroTest® or Fibrometer® were unsuitable to predict the histological liver status of fibrosis. 相似文献65.
Dolores Genn Marika Rossel Anouk Sarr Florian Battilotti Olivier Rais Ryan O. M. Rego Maarten J. Voordouw 《The ISME journal》2021,15(8):2390
Pathogen species often consist of genetically distinct strains, which can establish mixed infections or coinfections in the host. In coinfections, interactions between pathogen strains can have important consequences for their transmission success. We used the tick-borne bacterium Borrelia afzelii, which is the most common cause of Lyme disease in Europe, as a model multi-strain pathogen to investigate the relationship between coinfection, competition between strains, and strain-specific transmission success. Mus musculus mice were infected with one or two strains of B. afzelii, strain transmission success was measured by feeding ticks on mice, and the distribution of each strain in six different mouse organs and the ticks was measured using qPCR. Coinfection and competition reduced the tissue infection prevalence of both strains and changed their bacterial abundance in some tissues. Coinfection and competition also reduced the transmission success of the B. afzelii strains from the infected hosts to feeding ticks. The ability of the B. afzelii strains to establish infection in the host tissues was strongly correlated with their transmission success to the tick vector. Our study demonstrates that coinfection and competition between pathogen strains inside the host tissues can have major consequences for their transmission success.Subject terms: Microbial ecology, Bacteria 相似文献
66.
Ricardo Guerra Peixe Marcela Santana Bastos Boechat Alba Lucinia Peixoto Rangel Rh?nia Fran?a Gomes Rosa Maria Luiza Petzl-Erler Lilian MG Bahia-Oliveira 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2014,109(1):99-107
The association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the interferon (IFN)-γ
gene ( IFNG ) with different types of retinal scar lesions
presumably caused by toxoplasmosis were investigated in a cross-sectional
population-based genetic study. Ten SNPs were investigated and after Bonferroni
correction, only the associations between SNPs rs2069718 and
rs3181035 with retinal/retinochoroidal scar lesions type A (most
severe scar lesions) and C (least severe scar lesions), respectively, remained
significant. The associations of two different IFNG SNPs with two
different types of retinal lesions attributable to toxoplasmosis support the
hypothesis that different inflammatory mechanisms underlie the development of these
lesions. The in vitro analysis of IFN-γ secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear
cells stimulated with Toxoplasma gondii antigens was also
investigated. The association between SNP rs2069718 and type A scar
lesions revealed that differential IFN-γ levels are correlated with distinct
genotypes. However, no correlation was observed with IFN-γ secretion levels and the
SNP rs3181035 , which was significantly associated with type C scar
lesions. Our findings strongly suggest that immunogenetic studies of individuals with
congenital or postnatally acquired infection are needed to better understand the role
of IFN-γ and its polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis. 相似文献
67.
Florian Gehre Mebrat Ejo Kristina Fissette Pim de Rijk Cécile Uwizeye Elie Nduwamahoro Odin Goovaerts Dissou Affolabi Martin Gninafon Fanny M. Lingoupou Mamadou Dian Barry Oumou Sow Corinne Merle Piero Olliaro Fatoumata Ba Marie Sarr Alberto Piubello Juergen Noeske Martin Antonio Leen Rigouts Bouke C de Jong 《PloS one》2014,9(12)
In this study, we retrospectively analysed a total of 605 clinical isolates from six West or Central African countries (Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Guinea-Conakry, Niger and Senegal). Besides spoligotyping to assign isolates to ancient and modern mycobacterial lineages, we conducted phenotypic drug-susceptibility-testing for each isolate for the four first-line drugs. We showed that phylogenetically modern Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains are more likely associated with drug resistance than ancient strains and predict that the currently ongoing replacement of the endemic ancient by a modern mycobacterial population in West/Central Africa might result in increased drug resistance in the sub-region. 相似文献
68.
B. Diao M. R. Sy B. Fall Y. Sow A. Sarr S. Mohamed B. Sine P. A. Fall A. K. Ndoye M. Ba B. A. Diagne 《Andrologie》2012,22(1):29-35
Introduction
Male responsibility in couple infertility has been established in several studies. The purpose of this research was to report varicocele clinical and spermatic aspects and assess the outcomes of open retroperitoneal varicocelectomy.Patients and methods
Our study is a retrospective assessment of the outcomes of open retroperitoneal varicocelectomy at the urology department of Aristide Le Dantec teaching hospital (Senegal). Our focus is on patients with varicocelectomy facing couple infertility (inability for sexually active couples who are not using contraceptive methods to obtain a pregnancy over a year), patients among which no other infertility cause was revealed in their partner or partners in polygamist households. To assess the results, we compared the averages of preoperative and postoperative spermatic parameters by using the Z test (comparison test of two averages on two mated series). A difference was regarded as significant if P ?? 0.05.Results
Five hundred and fourteen cases were examined over 6 years (January 2005?CDecember 2010). The average age of the patients was 36.5 ± 7.3 years. The infertility was primary in 62.4%. The analysis of the preoperative spermograms revealed that severe oligozoospermia (33.7%) was the most common abnormalities in the sperm cells concentrations. The abnormalities in the sperm cells concentrations were variously connected with an asthenozoospermia and to a theratozoospermia. The patients were monitored with an average hindsight of 22 months (6?C48 months). The improvement of the parameters was more significant on the concentration and the mobility of sperm cells. The natural pregnancy rate obtained in our study was 20.8%. The registered pregnancies were more important in the group IV (48%). No case of natural pregnancy was noted in the group I but an induction of the spermatogenesis was noted in 20.5% of the cases. About two thirds of natural pregnancies (64%) were noted during the first 12 post-operative months.Conclusion
The surgical treatment of varicocele allows improving the spermatic parameters. Not only do these improvements help obtain natural pregnancies but also simplify the techniques of ART planned with the preoperative spermatic parameters. 相似文献69.