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101.
Joel A. Mathews Alison S. Williams Jeffrey D. Brand Allison P. Wurmbrand Lucas Chen Fernanda MC. Ninin Huiqing Si David I. Kasahara Stephanie A. Shore 《PloS one》2014,9(5)
Ozone is an air pollutant that causes pulmonary symptoms. In mice, ozone exposure causes pulmonary injury and increases bronchoalveolar lavage macrophages and neutrophils. We have shown that IL-17A is important in the recruitment of neutrophils after subacute ozone exposure (0.3 ppm for 24–72 h). We hypothesized that γδ T cells are the main producers of IL-17A after subacute ozone. To explore this hypothesis we exposed wildtype mice and mice deficient in γδ T cells (TCRδ−/−) to ozone or room air. Ozone-induced increases in BAL macrophages and neutrophils were attenuated in TCRδ−/− mice. Ozone increased the number of γδ T cells in the lungs and increased pulmonary Il17a mRNA expression and the number of IL-17A+ CD45+ cells in the lungs and these effects were abolished in TCRδ−/− mice. Ozone-induced increases in factors downstream of IL-17A signaling, including G-CSF, IL-6, IP-10 and KC were also decreased in TCRδ−/− versus wildtype mice. Neutralization of IL-17A during ozone exposure in wildtype mice mimicked the effects of γδ T cell deficiency. TNFR2 deficiency and etanercept, a TNFα antagonist, also reduced ozone-induced increases in Il17a mRNA, IL-17A+ CD45+ cells and BAL G-CSF as well as BAL neutrophils. TNFR2 deficient mice also had decreased ozone-induced increases in Ccl20, a chemoattractant for IL-17A+ γδ T cells. Il17a mRNA and IL-17A+ γδ T cells were also lower in obese Cpefat versus lean WT mice exposed to subacute ozone, consistent with the reduced neutrophil recruitment observed in the obese mice. Taken together, our data indicate that pulmonary inflammation induced by subacute ozone requires γδ T cells and TNFα-dependent recruitment of IL-17A+ γδ T cells to the lung. 相似文献
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Mario C.N. Saparrat Marta N. Cabello Angélica M. Arambarri 《Biotechnology letters》2002,24(16):1375-1377
Tetraploa aristata CLPS 419 produced maximum extracellular laccase activity at over 9 mU ml–1 in shaking cultures supplemented with glucose and 3.5 mU ml–1 in sucrose-grown ones. Laccase activity did not exceed 0.7 mU ml–1 in stationary cultures with glucose and was not detected in similar cultures with sucrose or in ones grown on lignin. 相似文献
104.
Cadmium (Cd) is an industrial and environmental pollutant that produces toxic effects on gametogenesis, pre- and post-implantation embryos, and the placenta. Because the effects of acute Cd intoxication on the placenta are not well understood, we investigated changes in its glycosylated components in Cd treated dams at days 4, 7, 10 and 15 of gestation using lectin histochemistry. CdCl2 was administered to pregnant rats; control animals received sterile normal saline. Placentas were processed for DBA, Con A, SBA, PNA, UEA-I, RCA-I and WGA lectin histochemistry to evaluate changes in the carbohydrate pattern of the placenta that might modify cell interactions and contribute to embryonic alterations. Lectin binding was analyzed in the yolk sac; trophoblast giant cells; trophoblast I, II and III; spongiotrophoblast cells and endovascular trophoblast cells in the chorioallantoic placenta. Our lectin binding patterns showed that Cd caused alteration of SBA and DBA labeling of trophoblast-derived cells, which suggested increased expressions of α and β GalNAc. Cd also caused decreased UEA-1 binding affinity, which indicated fewer α-L-Fuc residues in placentas of Cd treated dams. The nonreactivity in trophoblast I of the control placentas incubated with Con-A contrasted with the labeling in placentas of experimental dams, which indicated increased expression of terminal α-D-Man, and α-D-Glc residues. We found that Cd altered the reactivity of placenta to several lectins, which indicated modification of the glycotype presented by the fetal component of the placenta. We report that Cd exerts a deleterious effect on the glycosylation pattern of the placenta. 相似文献
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Lt. Col. Joseph F. Metzger MC USA Alice Kase B.S. Chauncey W. Smith USAF MSC 《Mycopathologia》1962,17(4):335-344
Summary A method is presented for the preparation of immune sera and detection by immunofluorescence ofC. immitis, S. schenckii, B. dermatitidis, C. neoformans, andC. albicans in surgical and autopsy material. Formalin fixation does not affect the antigens of the mycotic agents. There are no cross reactions except withC. immitis andC. neoformans, which can be differentiated by the site of the specific fluorescence in each organism. 相似文献
109.
EDC3 phosphorylation regulates growth and invasion through controlling P‐body formation and dynamics
Jeremiah J Bearss Sathish KR Padi Neha Singh Marina CardoVila Jin H Song Ghassan Mouneimne Nikita Fernandes Yang Li Matthew R Harter Jaime MC Gard Anne E Cress Wolfgang Peti Andrew DL Nelson J Ross Buchan Andrew S Kraft Koichi Okumura 《EMBO reports》2021,22(4)
Regulation of mRNA stability and translation plays a critical role in determining protein abundance within cells. Processing bodies (P‐bodies) are critical regulators of these processes. Here, we report that the Pim1 and 3 protein kinases bind to the P‐body protein enhancer of mRNA decapping 3 (EDC3) and phosphorylate EDC3 on serine (S)161, thereby modifying P‐body assembly. EDC3 phosphorylation is highly elevated in many tumor types, is reduced upon treatment of cells with kinase inhibitors, and blocks the localization of EDC3 to P‐bodies. Prostate cancer cells harboring an EDC3 S161A mutation show markedly decreased growth, migration, and invasion in tissue culture and in xenograft models. Consistent with these phenotypic changes, the expression of integrin β1 and α6 mRNA and protein is reduced in these mutated cells. These results demonstrate that EDC3 phosphorylation regulates multiple cancer‐relevant functions and suggest that modulation of P‐body activity may represent a new paradigm for cancer treatment. 相似文献
110.
Mario C. N. Saparrat Geraldine E. Fermoselle Sebastián A. Stenglein Mónica B. Aulicino Pedro A. Balatti 《Mycopathologia》2009,168(1):41-47
Pseudocercospora griseola is the causal agent of angular leaf spot of common bean (ALS). It has undergone parallel coevolution with its host and two
major groups have been defined, “Andean” (P. griseola f. griseola) and “Mesoamerican” (P. griseola f. mesoamericana). The aim of this study was to analyze the nature and the level of the dark pigment synthesized by the representatives of
each group. After 21 days of incubation on potato dextrose agar medium, P. griseola f. griseola isolate S3b developed colonies with diameters of 17.5 ± 1.3 mm and concentric rings of pigmentation. Isolate T4 of P. griseola f. mesoamericana presented smaller colonies (9.9 ± 0.3 mm) with a uniform dark-gray color. Both isolates, S3b and T4, produced the same pigment,
a 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-melanin, although different in quantity and structural features as suggested by the IR spectrum.
The P. griseola f. griseola isolate S3b had a higher growth rate and melanin content as well as smaller sensitivity to melanin synthesis inhibitors compared
to the isolate T4 of P. griseola f. mesoamericana. These results suggest a possible link between melanin and growth in P. griseola. 相似文献