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111.
Ineffectiveness of acute scalp expansion. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of this study was to test the ex vivo biomechanical properties of acutely expanded scalp flaps to quantitatively assess the efficacy of acute scalp expansion. A total of 14 fresh male cadavers were used for the study. In each cadaver, a rectangular (4 x 10 cm), laterally based flap was designed on each side of the scalp, starting from the superior margin of the external auditory canal. One randomly selected flap per scalp underwent acute intermittent expansion (a 3-minute expansion/3-minute rest cycle was performed three times with the maximum expansion achievable); the contralateral flap served as a control. After the expansion process, the acutely expanded flaps were measured to assess whether applied biomechanical stress caused any changes in flap dimensions. The biomechanical properties (stress/strain ratio, mean stiffness) of both expanded and control flaps were then assessed by means of a dynamometer and a force transducer. The obtained data showed that the biomechanical benefits provided by acute scalp expansion were not statistically different (p < 0.05) from those obtained by simple subgaleal undermining. No change of length nor gain in compliance was observed in the acutely expanded flaps as compared with control scalp flaps. In the authors' opinion, a possible explanation (to be further validated) for the lack of effect of acute scalp expansion might be that the inelastic galea aponeurotica did not allow mechanical creep to exploit the inherent elastic properties of the overlying scalp skin. 相似文献
112.
113.
Identification of aminopyrimidine‐sulfonamides as potent modulators of Wag31‐mediated cell elongation in mycobacteria
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János Pató Gaëlle S. Kolly Jana Korduláková Martin Forbak Joanna C. Evans Rita Székely Jan Rybniker Zuzana Palčeková Júlia Zemanová Isabella Santi François Signorino‐Gelo Liliana Rodrigues Anthony Vocat Adrian S. Covarrubias Monica G. Rengifo Kai Johnsson Sherry Mowbray Joseph Buechler Vincent Delorme Priscille Brodin Graham W. Knott José A. Aínsa Digby F. Warner Katarína Mikušová John D. McKinney Ruben C. Hartkoorn 《Molecular microbiology》2017,103(1):13-25
114.
The roles played by singlet oxygen (1O2) in photodynamic therapy are not fully understood yet. In particular, the mobility of 1O2 within cells has been a subject of debate for the last two decades. In this work, we report on the kinetics of 1O2 formation, diffusion, and decay in human skin fibroblasts. 1O2 has been photosensitized by two water-soluble porphyrins targeting different subcellular organelles, namely the nucleus and lysosomes, respectively. By recording the time-resolved near-IR phosphorescence of 1O2 and that of its precursor the photosensitizer's triplet state, we find that the kinetics of singlet oxygen formation and decay are strongly dependent on the site of generation. 1O2 photosensitized in the nucleus is able to escape out of the cells while 1O2 photosensitized in the lysosomes is not. Despite showing a lifetime in the microsecond time domain, 1O2 decay is largely governed by interactions with the biomolecules within the organelle where it is produced. This observation may reconcile earlier views that singlet oxygen-induced photodamage is highly localized, while its lifetime is long enough to diffuse over long distances within the cells. 相似文献
115.
Samiran Sona Gauri Santi M. Mandal Keshab C. Mondal Satyahari Dey Bikas R. Pati 《Bioresource technology》2009,100(18):4240-4243
A strain was selected by its highest extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production ability compare to other isolates from the same rhizospheric soil. The selected strain was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing and designated as SSB81. Phylogenetic analysis of the gene sequence showed its close relatedness with Azotobacter vinelandii and Azotobacter salinestris. Maximum EPS (2.52 g l−1) was recovered when the basal medium was supplemented with glucose (2.0%), riboflavin (1 mg l−1) and casamino acid (0.2%). The EPS showed a stable viscosity level at acidic pH (3.0–6.5) and the pyrolysis temperature was found to be at 116.73 °C with an enthalpy (ΔH) of 1330.72 Jg−1. MALDI TOF mass spectrometric result suggests that polymer contained Hex5Pent3 as oligomeric building subunit. SEM studies revealed that the polymer had a porous structure with small pore size distribution indicating the compactness of the polymer. This novel EPS may find possible application as a polymer for environmental bioremediation and biotechnological processes. 相似文献
116.
John D. Houle Arthi Amin Marie-Pascale Cote Michel Lemay Kassi Miller Harra Sandrow Lauren Santi Jed Shumsky Veronica Tom 《Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE》2009,(33)
Traumatic injury to the spinal cord (SCI) causes death of neurons, disruption of motor and sensory nerve fiber (axon) pathways and disruption of communication with the brain. One of the goals of our research is to promote axon regeneration to restore connectivity across the lesion site. To accomplish this we developed a peripheral nerve (PN) grafting technique where segments of sciatic nerve are either placed directly between the damaged ends of the spinal cord or are used to form a bridge across the lesion. There are several advantages to this approach compared to transplantation of other neural tissues; regenerating axons can be directed towards a specific target area, the number and source of regenerating axons is easily determined by tracing techniques, the graft can be used for electrophysiological experiments to measure functional recovery associated with axons in the graft, and it is possible to use an autologous nerve to reduce the possibility of graft rejection. In our lab we have performed both autologous (donor and recipient are the same animal) and heterologous (donor and recipient are different animals) grafts with comparable results. This approach has been used successfully in both acute and chronic injury situations. Regenerated axons that reach the distal end of the PN graft often fail to extend back into the spinal cord, so we use microinjections of chondroitinase to degrade inhibitory molecules associated with the scar tissue surrounding the area of SCI. At the same time we have found that providing exogenous growth and trophic molecules encourages longer distance axonal regrowth into the spinal cord. Several months after transplantation we perform a variety of anatomical, behavioral and electrophysiological tests to evaluate the recovery of function in our spinal cord injured animals. This experimental approach has been used successfully in several spinal cord injury models, at different levels of injury and in different species (mouse, rat and cat). Importantly, the peripheral nerve grafting approach is effective in promoting regeneration by acute and chronically injured neurons.Download video file.(224M, mp4) 相似文献
117.
Lipases secreted by Metarhizium anisopliae, an important biological control agent, could potentially be involved in the host infection process. Here, we present the activity profile during the host infection process and the effect of lipase activity inhibitor ebelactone B on infection. The previous treatment of spores with lipase activity inhibitor, ebelactone B, completely inhibited lipolytic activity and prevented the infection of the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus host. The results herein presented prove, for the first time, the importance of lipase activity in M. anisopliae host infection process. The filamentous fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is one of the most important and studied biological agents for the control of several arthropod pests, including the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Lipases secreted by M. anisopliae could potentially be involved in the host infection process. This work presents the activity profile during the host infection process and the effect of lipase activity inhibitor ebelactone B on infection. During the course of tick exposure to spores (6-120 h) lipase activity increased from 0.03 ± 0.00 U to 0.312 ± 0.068 U using rho NP palmitate as substrate. In zymograms, bands of lipase activity were detected in ticks treated with spores without inhibitor. The previous treatment of spores with lipase activity inhibitor, ebelactone B, completely inhibited lipolytic activity, at all times specified, and prevented the infection of the R. microplus host. Spores treated with the inhibitor did not germinate on the tick, although this effect was not observed in the culture medium. The results herein presented prove, for the first time, the importance of lipase activity in M. anisopliae host infection process. 相似文献
118.
Rhizobium–legume symbiotic interaction is an efficient model system for soil remediation and reclamation. We earlier isolated an arsenic
(As) (2.8 mM arsenate) tolerant and symbiotically effective Rhizobium strain, VMA301 from Vigna mungo and in this study we further characterized its efficacy for arsenic removal from the soil and its nitrogen fixation capacity.
Although nodule formation is delayed in plants with As-treated composite when the inoculum was prepared without arsenic in
culture medium, whereas it attains the significant number of nodules compare to plant grown in As-free soil when the inoculum
was prepared with arsenic supplemented medium. Arsenic accumulation was higher in roots than root nodules. Nitrogenase activity
is reduced to almost 2 fold in plants with As-treated soil but not abolished. These results suggest that this strain, VMA301,
has been able to establish an effective symbiotic interaction in V. mungo in As-contaminated soil and can perform dual role of arsenic bioremediation as well as soil nitrogen improvement. 相似文献
119.
Perić I Pavlicević I Zagorac N Katić R Santić Z Pavlov N Stipić M Tocilj J 《Collegium antropologicum》2011,35(4):1143-1147
Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for all respiratory tract diseases. Unfortunately, the symptoms develop slowly, thus patients feel the consequences of the slowly developing inflammation too late. The inflammation first develops in the area of respiratory bronchioles. In this stage, the disease is asymptomatic. The study included a sample of 31 smokers, mean age 36.38 years, with normal spirometry indices, acid-base status and arterial blood gases. The mean smoking index was 11.28 smoking/years. All subjects were healthy, without any subjective health problems or disease indicators. The aim was to define dead lung area (V/Q) as an early indicator of changes in smokers. Study results demonstrated the mean shunt value in smokers of 8.25%, which showed positive correlation with smoking. The shunt size yielded negative correlation with the forced expiratory volume in one second and midexpiratory flow in smokers. In conclusion, determination of lung shunt is a simple method that is sensitive enough in the diagnosis of initial lung lesion due to cigarette smoking. 相似文献
120.
Santiago Esteban-Martín Robert Bryn Fenwick J?rgen ?dén Benjamin Cossins Carlos W. Bertoncini Victor Guallar Magnus Wolf-Watz Xavier Salvatella 《PLoS computational biology》2014,10(7)
Correlated inter-domain motions in proteins can mediate fundamental biochemical processes such as signal transduction and allostery. Here we characterize at structural level the inter-domain coupling in a multidomain enzyme, Adenylate Kinase (AK), using computational methods that exploit the shape information encoded in residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) measured under steric alignment by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). We find experimental evidence for a multi-state equilibrium distribution along the opening/closing pathway of Adenylate Kinase, previously proposed from computational work, in which inter-domain interactions disfavour states where only the AMP binding domain is closed. In summary, we provide a robust experimental technique for study of allosteric regulation in AK and other enzymes. 相似文献