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91.
Karen Harrington-Brock Marta Cabrera Deborah D. Collard Carolyn L. Doerr Rob McConnell Martha M. Moore Hernan Sandoval James C. Fuscoe 《Mutation research》1999,431(2):1889
A pilot biomarker study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of using the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) gene in peripheral blood lymphocytes as a biomarker for detecting genetic effects of arsenic exposure. Blood and urine samples were obtained from workers highly exposed to arsenic in a copper roasting plant in Antofagasta, Chile. Individuals were classified according to their job titles into three potential exposure groups: high, medium, and low. To confirm exposure, arsenic concentration was determined in urine samples. The HPRT mutant frequencies were measured in lymphocytes from 15 individuals ranging in age from 24 to 66 years. The mean mutant frequencies for the three exposure groups were: low (9×10−6), medium (11×10−6), and high (24×10−6). An increased mutant frequency was observed in the highly exposed group, but the response was so slight that it is not likely that this assay will be capable of providing dose–response information across a range of lower, more typical environmental arsenic levels. 相似文献
92.
Shira D. Gordon Nestor Sandoval Valerio Mazzoni Rodrigo Krugner 《Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata》2017,164(1):27-34
Animal communication is a complex behavior that is influenced by abiotic and biotic factors of the environment. Glassy‐winged sharpshooters (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), primarily use vibrational signaling for courtship communication. Because GWSS is a major pest, transmitting the plant pathogenic bacterium Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al., interruption of communication is a possible avenue for control. Playback of white noise, pre‐recorded female signals, and artificial female noise (continuously overlapping female signals) significantly reduced mating of GWSS when compared to silent control mating trials. Furthermore, to begin to determine the mechanism underlying playback control, female signaling activity was recorded in the presence of stimuli. In response to playback of female signals, females signaled (duet‐like) more often than females tested in the absence of playback. After the first playback, almost two‐thirds of females signaled a response within 3 s. Additionally, one‐third of the females signaled within 1 s after cessation of white noise, and significantly more in the time periods following noise termination. Results highlight how GWSS responds to differing competitive disturbances in the environment and lays important ground work that possibly could be used to develop pesticide‐free control methods. 相似文献
93.
swinger: a user‐friendly computer program to establish captive breeding groups that minimize relatedness without pedigree information
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Jonathan Sandoval‐Castillo Catherine R. M. Attard Shashikanth Marri Chris J. Brauer Luciana M. Möller Luciano B. Beheregaray 《Molecular ecology resources》2017,17(2):278-287
Captive breeding programmes are often a necessity for the continued persistence of a population or species. They typically have the goal of maintaining genetic diversity and minimizing inbreeding. However, most captive breeding programmes have been based on the assumption that the founding breeders are unrelated and outbred, even though in situ anthropogenic impacts often mean these founders may have high relatedness and substantial inbreeding. In addition, polygamous group‐breeding species in captivity often have uncertain pedigrees, making it difficult to select the group composition for subsequent breeding. Molecular‐based estimates of relatedness and inbreeding may instead be used to select breeding groups (≥two individuals) that minimize relatedness and filter out inbred individuals. swinger constructs breeding groups based on molecular estimates of relatedness and inbreeding. The number of possible combinations of breeding groups quickly becomes intractable by hand. swinger was designed to overcome this major issue in ex situ conservation biology. The user can specify parameters within swinger to reach breeding solutions that suit the mating system of the target species and available resources. We provide evidence of the efficiency of the software with an empirical example and using simulations. The only data required are a typical molecular marker data set, such as a microsatellite or SNP data set, from which estimates of inbreeding and pairwise relatedness may be obtained. Such molecular data sets are becoming easier to gather from non‐model organisms with next‐generation sequencing technology. swinger is an open‐source software with a user‐friendly interface and is available at http://www.molecularecology.flinders.edu.au/molecular-ecology-lab/software/swinger/swinger/ and https://github.com/Yuma248/Swinger . 相似文献
94.
Stephen P Chen Beiyun Zhou Brigham C Willis Argelia J Sandoval Janice M Liebler Kwang-Jin Kim David K Ann Edward D Crandall Zea Borok 《Journal of applied physiology》2005,98(1):322-328
Rat alveolar epithelial type II cells grown on polycarbonate filters form high-resistance monolayers and concurrently acquire many phenotypic properties of type I cells. Treatment with EGF has previously been shown to increase transepithelial resistance across alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) monolayers. We investigated changes in claudin expression in primary cultured AEC during transdifferentiation to the type I cell-like phenotype (days 0, 1, and 8), and on day 5 in culture +/- EGF (10 ng/ml) from day 0 or day 4. Claudins 4 and 7 were increased, whereas claudins 3 and 5 were decreased, on later compared with earlier days in culture. Exposure to EGF led to increases in claudins 4 and 7 and decreases in claudins 3 and 5. Claudin 1 was only faintly detectable in freshly isolated type II cells and remained unchanged over time in culture and after exposure to EGF. These results suggest that increases in transepithelial resistance accompanying AEC transdifferentiation and/or EGF exposure are mediated, at least in part, by changes in the pattern of expression of specific claudin isoforms. 相似文献
95.
Melican K Boekel J Månsson LE Sandoval RM Tanner GA Källskog O Palm F Molitoris BA Richter-Dahlfors A 《Cellular microbiology》2008,10(10):1987-1998
Ascending urinary tract infections can cause extensive damage to kidney structure and function. We have used a number of advanced techniques including multiphoton microscopy to investigate the crucial early phases of uropathogenic Escherichia coli induced pyelonephritis within a living animal. Our results reveal a previously undescribed innate vascular response to mucosal infection, allowing isolation and eradication of the pathogen. The extremely rapid host response to mucosal infection was highlighted by the triggering of a cascade of events within 3-4 h. Epithelial signalling produced an increase in cellular O(2) consumption and affected microvascular flow by clotting, causing localized ischaemia. Subsequent ischaemic damage affected pathophysiology with actin re-arrangement and epithelial sloughing leading to paracellular bacterial movement. A denuded tubular basement membrane is shown to hinder immediate dissemination of bacteria, giving the host time to isolate the infection by clotting. Suppression of clotting by heparin treatment caused fatal urosepsis. Clinically these findings may be relevant in antibiotics delivery in pyelonephritis patients and to the use of anticoagulants in sepsis. 相似文献
96.
Here we present a biochemical and molecular biology study of the enzyme pyruvate kinase (PYK) from the parasitic protozoa Leishmania donovani. The PYK gene was cloned, mutagenised and over expressed and its kinetic parameters determined. Like in other kinetoplastids, L. donovani PYK is allosterically stimulated by the effector fructose 2,6 biphosphate and not by fructose 1,6 biphosphate. When the putative effector binding site of L. donovani PYK was mutagenised, we obtained two mutants with extreme kinetic behavior: Lys453Leu, which retained a sigmoidal kinetics and was little affected by the effector; and His480Gln, which deployed a hyperbolic kinetics that was not changed by the addition of the effector. Molecular Dynamics (MD) studies revealed that the mutations not only altered the effector binding site of L. donovani PYK but also changed the folding of its domain C. 相似文献
97.
Arturo Andrade Alejandro Sandoval Ricardo Gonzlez-Ramírez Diane Lipscombe Kevin P. Campbell Ricardo Felix 《Cell calcium》2009,46(4):282-292
The auxiliary CaVα2δ-1 subunit is an important component of voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channel complexes in many tissues and of great interest as a drug target. Nevertheless, its exact role in specific cell functions is still unknown. This is particularly important in the case of the neuronal L-type CaV channels where these proteins play a key role in the secretion of neurotransmitters and hormones, gene expression, and the activation of other ion channels. Therefore, using a combined approach of patch-clamp recordings and molecular biology, we studied the role of the CaVα2δ-1 subunit on the functional expression and the pharmacology of recombinant L-type CaV1.3 channels in HEK-293 cells. Co-expression of CaVα2δ-1 significantly increased macroscopic currents and conferred the CaV1.3α1/CaVβ3 channels sensitivity to the antiepileptic/analgesic drugs gabapentin and AdGABA. In contrast, CaVα2δ-1 subunits harboring point mutations in N-glycosylation consensus sequences or the proteolytic site as well as in conserved cysteines in the transmembrane δ domain of the protein, reduced functionality in terms of enhancement of CaV1.3α1/CaVβ3 currents. In addition, co-expression of the δ domain drastically inhibited macroscopic currents through recombinant CaV1.3 channels possibly by affecting channel synthesis. Together these results provide several lines of evidence that the CaVα2δ-1 auxiliary subunit may interact with CaV1.3 channels and regulate their functional expression. 相似文献
98.
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100.
Lalioti VS Vergarajauregui S Tsuchiya Y Hernandez-Tiedra S Sandoval IV 《Journal of cellular physiology》2009,218(2):416-426
We have previously reported the physical interaction between Daxx, the adaptor protein that mediates activation of the Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK), and GLUT4, the insulin-dependent glucose transporter, interaction that involves their C-domains. Co-immunoprecipitation and two-hybrid-based protein-protein interaction studies show now that Daxx and GLUT4 interact with JNK1 through D-sites in their NH(2)-(aa 1-501) and large endofacial loop, respectively. Serum deprivation strongly enhances the association of JNK1 with Daxx and dissociates the kinase from GLUT4. SP600125, a potent JNK1 inhibitor, reduces the JNK1 activity associated with GLUT4 and the phosphorylation of two minor GLUT4 species in serum-starved 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, Daxx interacts with kinesin KIF5B through the 6xTPR domain of the kinesin light chain, a domain engaged in the grab hold of protein cargo by kinesin motors that codistribute with JNK. Depletion of Daxx in 3T3-L1 adipocytes provokes the partial translocation of the GLUT4 retained in the GLUT4 storage compartment to endosomes. 相似文献