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11.
Ekhiñe Artola Saioa Cruchaga Idoia Ariz Jose Fernando Moran María Garnica Fabrice Houdusse José María Garcia Mina Ignacio Irigoyen Berta Lasa Pedro María Aparicio-Tejo 《Plant Growth Regulation》2011,63(1):73-79
The use of urea as an N fertilizer has increased to such an extent that it is now the most widely used fertilizer in the world.
However, N losses as a result of ammonia volatilization lead to a decrease in its efficiency, therefore different methods
have been developed over the years to reduce these losses. One of the most recent involves the use of urea combined with urease
inhibitors, such as N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), in an attempt to delay the hydrolysis of urea in the soil. The aim of this study was
to perform an in-depth analysis of the effect that NBPT use has on plant growth and N metabolism. Wheat plants were cultivated
in a greenhouse experiment lasting 4 weeks and fertilized with urea and NBPT at different concentrations (0, 0.012, 0.062,
0.125%). Each treatment was replicated six times. A non-fertilized control was also cultivated. Several parameters related
with N metabolism were analysed at the end of growth period. NBPT use was found to have visible effects, such as a transitory
yellowing of the leaf tips, at the end of the first week of treatment. At a metabolic level, plants treated with the inhibitor
were found to have more urea in their tissues and a lower amino acid content, lower glutamine synthetase activity, and lower
urease and glutamine synthetase content at the end of the study period, whereas their urease activity seemed to have recovered
by this stage. 相似文献
12.
We investigate the contribution of overdominance to the maintenanceof polymorphism in the human genome during the recent evolutionof our species. Using the HapMap genotypic information, we havedetected that the Gene Ontology term "olfactory receptor activity"is a molecular function overrepresented in genes that have SNPs(Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) showing higher than expectednumber of heterozygotes in the HapMap populations. Our resultssuggest that the diversity of a subset of human olfactory receptors(ORs) may have been maintained by balancing selection, in theform of overdominance. This observation may suggest that theloss of OR genes during the evolution of the human lineage mayhave been accompanied by an increased capability to discriminateodorants with closely similar structures. 相似文献
13.
Andrés Fernández-Loras Saioa Fernández-Beaskoetxea Elena Arriero Matthew C. Fisher Jaime Bosch 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2017,63(6):99
Fungal pathogens have evolved a broad suite of strategies aiming at evading the host immune response. Amphibians are globally infected by the panzootic chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and, while robust innate immune defences have been characterised, there is little evidence for the existence of effective adaptive immunity. We determine the immune response of the common midwife toad following challenge by Bd as larvae. Immune function was described for both the cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immune responses following infectious challenge as larval amphibians. While there were no significant differences in the ratio of neutrophils/lymphocytes between infected and uninfected individuals, early exposure of tadpoles to Bd significantly dampened the levels of circulating immunoglobulins (IgM and IgY) in the serum of juveniles after metamorphosis. Our results show that Bd immunosuppresses amphibians when infection occurs as larvae with potentially broad effects on the remodelling of immunity during metamorphosis. 相似文献
14.
Zhiqiang Huang Ning Liang Saioa Goñi Anastasios Damdimopoulos Cheng Wang Raphaelle Ballaire Jennifer Jager Henri Niskanen Hongya Han Tomas Jakobsson Adrian P. Bracken Myriam Aouadi Nicolas Venteclef Minna U. Kaikkonen Rongrong Fan Eckardt Treuter 《Molecular cell》2021,81(5):953-968.e9
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15.
Line Ledsgaard Andreas H. Laustsen Urska Pus Jack Wade Pedro Villar Kim Boddum Peter Slavny Edward W. Masters Ana S. Arias Saioa Oscoz Daniel T. Griffiths Alice M. Luther Majken Lindholm Rachael A. Leah Marie Sofie Mller Hanif Ali John McCafferty Bruno Lomonte Jos M. Gutirrez Aneesh Karatt-Vellatt 《MABS-AUSTIN》2022,14(1)
16.
Maria Luisa Martin Cerezo Saioa Lpez Lucy van Dorp Garrett Hellenthal Martin Johnsson Eben Gering Rie Henriksen Dominic Wright 《Heredity》2023,130(3):154
Chickens are believed to have inhabited the Hawaiian island of Kauai since the first human migrations around 1200AD, but numbers have peaked since the tropical storms Iniki and Iwa in the 1980s and 1990s that destroyed almost all the chicken coops on the island and released large numbers of domestic chickens into the wild. Previous studies have shown these now feral chickens are an admixed population between Red Junglefowl (RJF) and domestic chickens. Here, using genetic haplotypic data, we estimate the time of the admixture event between the feral population on the island and the RJF to 1981 (1976–1995), coinciding with the timings of storm Iwa and Iniki. Analysis of genetic structure reveals a greater similarity between individuals inhabiting the northern and western part of the island to RJF than individuals from the eastern part of the island. These results point to the possibility of introgression events between feral chickens and the wild chickens in areas surrounding the Koke’e State Park and the Alaka’i plateau, posited as two of the major RJF reservoirs in the island. Furthermore, we have inferred haplotype blocks from pooled data to determine the most plausible source of the feral population. We identify a clear contribution from RJF and layer chickens of the White Leghorn (WL) breed. This work provides independent confirmation of the traditional hypothesis surrounding the origin of the feral populations and draws attention to the possibility of introgression of domestic alleles into the wild reservoir.Subject terms: Genetic variation, Evolutionary biology 相似文献
17.
Ana Luiza de Faria e Silva Saioa Elcoroaristizabal Alan George Ryder 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2020,117(10):2969-2984
The growing use of therapeutic proteins requires accurate analytical techniques for measuring biophysical and structural changes during manufacturing. This is particularly true for the PEGylation of proteins, because characterization of PEGylation reactions and products can often be difficult due to the relatively small impact on protein structure, the lack of an accessible polyethylene glycol (PEG) chromophore, and the heterogeneous final product mixtures. Intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy is one potential solution due to its relatively high sensitivity to small changes in protein structure and its suitability for online or atline measurements. In this study, we use the PEGylation of lysozyme as a model system to determine the efficacy of polarized excitation-emission matrix (pEEM) spectroscopy as a rapid tool for characterizing the structural variability of the lysozyme (LZ) starting materials and PEGylated products with varying PEG-to-protein ratios (PPR). Dynamic light scattering showed that as PPR increased from 0 to 2.8, the hydrodynamic radius increased from ∼2.2 to 4.8 nm. pEEM measurements provided several sources of information: Rayleigh scattering to identify size changes and aggregate/particle formation, and fluorescence emission to assess chemical and structural changes. PEGylation induced sufficient physicochemical changes in LZ, which produced changes in the pEEM spectra, largely due to variations in the hydrophobic environments of tryptophan residues close to a PEG attachment site. These significant spectral changes when modeled using conventional multivariate analysis methods were able to easily discriminate the raw product solutions according to the degree of PEGylation and were also able to predict PPR with reasonable accuracy (root mean square error for calibration ∼10%, relative error of prediction < 20%), considering the reference size exclusion chromatography method error of ∼7.2%. The variable selection of the pEEM data suggests that equivalent predictions could be obtained with faster and simpler two-dimensional spectra, making the method a more viable online measurement method. 相似文献
18.
Saioa López óscar García I?aki Yurrebaso Carlos Flores Marialbert Acosta-Herrera Hua Chen Jesús Gardeazabal Jesús María Careaga María Dolores Boyano Ana Sánchez Juan Antonio Ratón-Nieto Arrate Sevilla Isabel Smith-Zubiaga Alicia García de Galdeano Conrado Martinez-Cadenas Neskuts Izagirre Concepción de la Rúa Santos Alonso 《PloS one》2014,9(8)
We aimed to study the selective pressures interacting on SLC45A2 to investigate the interplay between selection and susceptibility to disease. Thus, we enrolled 500 volunteers from a geographically limited population (Basques from the North of Spain) and by resequencing the whole coding region and intron 5 of the 34 most and the 34 least pigmented individuals according to the reflectance distribution, we observed that the polymorphism Leu374Phe (L374F, rs16891982) was statistically associated with skin color variability within this sample. In particular, allele 374F was significantly more frequent among the individuals with lighter skin. Further genotyping an independent set of 558 individuals of a geographically wider population with known ancestry in the Spanish population also revealed that the frequency of L374F was significantly correlated with the incident UV radiation intensity. Selection tests suggest that allele 374F is being positively selected in South Europeans, thus indicating that depigmentation is an adaptive process. Interestingly, by genotyping 119 melanoma samples, we show that this variant is also associated with an increased susceptibility to melanoma in our populations. The ultimate driving force for this adaptation is unknown, but it is compatible with the vitamin D hypothesis. This shows that molecular evolution analysis can be used as a useful technology to predict phenotypic and biomedical consequences in humans. 相似文献
19.
Saioa Ancizu Elsa Moreno Beatriz Solano Raquel Villar Asunción Burguete Enrique Torres Silvia Pérez-Silanes Ignacio Aldana Antonio Monge 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry》2010,18(7):2713-2719
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.Tb) is a bacillus capable of causing a chronic and fatal condition in humans known as tuberculosis (TB). It is estimated that there are 8 million new cases of TB per year and 3.1 million infected people die annually. Thirty-six new amide quinoxaline 1,4-di-N-oxide derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated as potential anti-tubercular agents, obtaining biological values similar to the reference compound, Rifampin (RIF). 相似文献
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