Female moths of cotton bollworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) captured by waterbasin traps baited with synthetic female sex pheromone

Cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most important pest insects in cotton fields in China. Female moths were captured by waterbasin traps with a synthetic female sex pheromone blend in cotton fields over three years. The blend contained (Z)‐11‐hexadecenal and (Z)‐9‐hexadecenal with a ratio of 97:3. Each pheromone dispenser was impregnated with 2.0 mg of pheromone blend and 0.2 mg of antioxidant dissolved with 0.1 mL of hexane, and there was a control dispenser with a similar amount of antioxidant and solvent only. Waterbasin traps were deployed in three configurations in the fields. ‘A’ was pheromone traps only, ‘B’ was both pheromone and control traps, ‘C’ was control traps only. (i) In four plots of ‘A’, the average weekly female catch was 1.5, and more females were captured by centrally located pheromone traps, (ii) In three plots of ‘Brsquo;, control traps also captured female as well as male moths, but average weekly female catches of control traps was significantly lower than that in pheromone‐baited traps. (iii) There were significant linear relationships between the average weekly female catch and the corresponding layer in pheromone‐baited traps in both ‘A’ and ‘B’ plots, and in quadratic equations in control in ‘B’ plots. (iv) With the increase of the interval of traps, average weekly female catches per trap increased but average weekly female catches per hectare decreased. (v) Among the female moths captured by pheromone traps, 88.3% were mated female moths which each containing 1.46 spermatophores, while in control traps 86.9% of the mated female moths had 0.90 spermatophores. There was a significant difference between the average numbers of spermatophores of mated females in pheromone traps and in controls.     

Calpain10基因多态性与2 型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的：探讨钙蛋白酶10（Calpain10）基因第3内含子SNP19多态性在湖北汉族人群2型糖尿痛发生发展中的作用。方法：采用同胞对（家系内对照）和随机病例-对照两种实验设计,结合聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）．技术分析共403个样本的Calpain10基因第3内合子SNP19多态性,并测定身高、体重、腰围、臀围、血压和空腹血糖等生理指标。结果：两种实验设计中对照组与病例组的基因型和基因频率均无显著差异（PO．05）。结论：Calpain10基因SNP19多态性在湖北汉族人群2型糖尿病的发生发展中可能不起主要作用。     

灰飞虱发育起点温度及有效积温的探讨

利用培养箱在恒温条件下饲养灰飞虱Laodelphax striatellus Fallén,测定了卵、若虫、成虫繁殖前和全世代发育历期,用直线回归法计算了灰飞虱各虫态和全世代的发育起点温度和有效积温分别为10.06、6.43、10.29、8.08℃和102.3、365.2、87.5、552.1日·度。并根据有效积温法则预测了该虫在济宁市1年完成的代数为4～5代。     

国槐尺蠖发育起点温度与有效积温

在恒温20,23,25,27,30℃下,对沈阳市国槐尺蠖Semiothisa cinerearia Bremeret Grey各虫态的发育历期,发育起点温度和有效积温进行了研究。结果表明,随着温度的升高,发育历期逐渐缩短;国槐尺蠖卵,幼虫,蛹,成虫期和世代发育起点温度C分别为(4.20±0.95),(5.80±0.95),(8.28±0.30),(16.92±0.50)和(9.06±0.21)℃。相应的有效积温K分别为(71.3±2.3),(300.5±14.3),(354.2±8.3),(52.4±2.59)和(752.76±10.5)日.度。根据发育起点温度和有效积温,预测出国槐尺蠖在沈阳的年发生代数为3.4～3.6代,其结果符合实际发生情况。     

固态发酵木薯酒精渣生产生物饲料菌种的筛选

目的:筛选获得能混合固态发酵木薯酒精渣生产生物饲料的真菌组合.方法:利用木薯酒精渣堵养基,初筛能在其上良好生长的植物内生真菌菌株,再将这些菌株两两组合进行固态混菌发酵、添加酵母混菌发酵,测定产物中粗蛋白和粗纤维的含量,获得能有效降低木薯酒精渣中粗纤维、提高粗蛋白含量的菌株组合.结果:菌株G4与C15、Q4与C32混菌发酵效果最好,可将粗蛋白质含最从底物的1.42%分别提高到产物的16.08%与18.54%(于基),粗纤维含量从底物的32.41%降低到27.57%与26.59%.添加酵母培养后,两个组合产物中粗蛋白质含量可进一步提高到21.79%与23.56%,而粗纤维含量几乎无变化.结论:菌株G4(黑曲霉)、C15(白地霉)与郎比可假丝酵母,Q4(黑曲霉)、C32(青霉)与季也蒙假丝酵母可用作混菌固态发酵木薯酒精渣生产生物饲料的菌种.     

高效生物表面活性剂产生菌筛选及其性质研究

目的:获得产高效生物表面活性剂的菌株并获得优化培养基。方法:通过从山东文登某加油站附近长期污染富含油质的土壤中逐步采用富集培养基和平板筛选培养基分离筛选菌株并进行优化培养寻找最优生长培养和高产生物表面活性剂的条件。结果:筛选出产表面活性剂的微生物12株,分别命名为BSF1#-BSF12#,从中筛选出1株高效表面活性剂产生菌BSF8#,优化培养结果表明BSF8#的最佳生长pH在7.5左右,最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为蛋白胨,BSF8#培养基中最佳NaCl浓度为2g/L。BSF8#菌株可将发酵液的表面张力由最初的48.29mN/m降到27.79 mN/m,上层乳化状发酵液的排油圈最大直径超过7.5cm,并经红外光谱分析确定其生物表面活性剂为1个糖肽类化合物。结论:BSF8#菌株产生的生物表面活性剂活性突出,有较大的开发潜力。     

冷鲜牛肉中蜂房哈夫尼亚菌(Hafnia alvei)的分离与鉴定

在出口冷鲜牛肉的沙门氏菌检验过程中,从HE琼脂平板上分离到1株蜂房哈夫尼亚菌,该菌三糖铁斜面产碱,底层产酸,不产生H2S,不产气,革兰阴性。经BBL Crystal微生物半自动检测仪检测,同时结合伯杰细菌鉴定手册的生化试验结果鉴定为蜂房哈夫尼亚菌(Hafnia alvei)。     

RNA干扰的研究进展及应用

RNA干扰(RNAi)是生物体的一种在进化上保持高度保守的,能抵御外源基因或外来病毒侵犯的重要防御机制,是一种序列特异性的转录后基因沉默现象。它由双链RNA引发,广泛存在于动、植物等各种生物体内。我们简要综述了RNAi发生的机制、特点、哺乳动物与RNAi现象,以及RNAi的应用等。     

李叶绣线菊叶片和叶柄再生体系的建立

1植物名称李叶绣线菊（Spiraea prunifolia Sieb．et Zucc．）。 2材料类别带叶柄的幼嫩叶片。     

绿盲蝽雄虫体外挥发物研究

采用气质联用和嗅觉仪对分部解剖的绿盲蝽Apolygus lucorum(Meyer-Dür)雄虫体外挥发物进行鉴定和生测。结果表明:绿盲蝽雄虫浸提物中的主要组分有13种,包括醇类、酸类和酯类。相对含量较高的依次有丁酸己酯、反-2-丁酸己烯酯和己醇。绿盲蝽雄虫从交配不活跃期进入活跃期,其体内的丁酸己酯、反-2-丁酸己烯酯和己醇的含量都明显变化,其中丁酸己酯和反-2-丁酸己烯酯明显增加,而己醇的含量减少,表明绿盲蝽雄虫在交配活跃期,可能有大量的丁酸己酯和反-2-丁酸己烯酯释放到体外。比较绿盲蝽雄虫的不同部位的浸提物的含量,发现丁酸己酯、反-2-丁酸己烯酯和己醇主要存在于虫体胸部。嗅觉反应测试中绿盲蝽雌虫对丁酸己酯和反-2-丁酸己烯酯有明显的趋性,同时含量很少的丁酸庚酯对雌虫有明显引诱作用。因此推测丁酸己酯、反-2-丁酸己烯酯和丁酸庚酯可能是绿盲蝽雄虫释放到体外的挥发性引诱成分,并主要由胸部内的腺体分泌。