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Waliza Ansar Sumi Mukhopadhyay SK. Hasan Habib Shyamasree Basu Bibhuti Saha Asish Kumar Sen CN. Mandal Chitra Mandal 《Glycoconjugate journal》2009,26(9):1151-1169
Human C-reactive protein (CRP), as a mediator of innate immunity, removed damaged cells by activating the classical complement
pathway. Previous studies have successfully demonstrated that CRPs are differentially induced as glycosylated molecular variants
in certain pathological conditions. Affinity-purified CRPs from two most prevalent diseases in India viz. tuberculosis (TB) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) have differential glycosylation in their sugar composition and linkages. As anemia is a common manifestation in TB and
VL, we assessed the contributory role of glycosylated CRPs to influence hemolysis via CRP-complement-pathway as compared to
healthy control subjects. Accordingly, the specific binding of glycosylated CRPs with erythrocytes was established by flow-cytometry
and ELISA. Significantly, deglycosylated CRPs showed a 7–8-fold reduced binding with erythrocytes confirming the role of glycosylated
moieties. Scatchard analysis revealed striking differences in the apparent binding constants (104–105 M−1) and number of binding sites (106–107sites/erythrocyte) for CRP on patients’ erythrocytes as compared to normal. Western blotting along with immunoprecipitation
analysis revealed the presence of distinct molecular determinants on TB and VL erythrocytes specific to disease-associated
CRP. Increased fragility, hydrophobicity and decreased rigidity of diseased-erythrocytes upon binding with glycosylated CRP
suggested membrane damage. Finally, the erythrocyte-CRP binding was shown to activate the CRP-complement-cascade causing hemolysis,
even at physiological concentration of CRP (10 μg/ml). Thus, it may be postulated that CRP have a protective role towards
the clearance of damaged-erythrocytes in these two diseases. 相似文献
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Rajagopalan Lakshmi Ranjani Ramachandran K. Devika G. Radhika A. Syam Sundar Fathima Rahman N. Selvakumar Vanaja Kumar 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2013,29(6):1117-1119
Standardized methodology for drug susceptibility testing of second line drugs is vital for treatment of multi/extensively drug resistant tuberculosis. Discrepancy between laboratory methods and clinical interpretation is well established for bacteriostatic drugs such as ethionamide. Optimization of the standard proportion sensitivity testing (PST) method for ethionamide was under taken in 235 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from new and previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients. An additional higher concentration of 57 μg/ml was evaluated against at the standard 40 μg/ml concentration in PST method. Performance parameters and agreement between the two drug concentrations was higher indicating the efficiency of PST method at its present format at 40 μg/ml and additional higher concentration of 57 μg/ml as an alternative when required. 相似文献
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N. Selvakumar Vanaja Kumar S. Balaji S. Prabuseenivasan R. Radhakrishnan Gomathi Sekar V. Chandrasekaran T. Kannan Aleyamma Thomas S. Arunagiri Puneet Dewan Soumya Swaminathan 《PloS one》2015,10(3)
Periodic drug resistance surveillance provides useful information on trends of drug resistance and effectiveness of tuberculosis (TB) control measures. The present study determines the prevalence of drug resistance among new sputum smear positive (NSP) and previously treated (PT) pulmonary TB patients, diagnosed at public sector designated microscopy centers (DMCs) in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. In this single-stage cluster-sampling prevalence survey, 70 of 700 DMCs were randomly selected using a probability-proportional to size method. A cluster size of 24 for NSP and a varying size of 0 to 99 for PT cases were fixed for each selected DMC. Culture and drug susceptibility testing was done on Lowenstein-Jensen medium using the economic variant of proportion sensitivity test for isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), ofloxacin (OFX) and kanamycin (KAN). Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status was collected from patient records. From June 2011 to August 2012, 1524 NSP and 901 PT patients were enrolled. Any RMP resistance and any INH resistance were observed in 2.6% and 15.1%, and in 10.4% and 30% respectively in NSP and PT cases. Among PT patients, multi drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) was highest in the treatment failure (35%) group, followed by relapse (13%) and treatment after default (10%) groups. Extensively drug resistant TB (XDRTB) was seen in 4.3% of MDR-TB cases. Any OFX resistance was seen in 10.4% of NSP, 13.9% of PT and 29% of PT MDR-TB patients. The HIV status of the patient had no impact on drug resistance levels. RMP resistance was present in 2.6% of new and 15.1% of previously treated patients in Tamil Nadu. Rates of OFX resistance were high among NSP and PT patients, especially among those with MDR-TB, a matter of concern for development of new treatment regimens for TB. 相似文献
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Changes in lipid fractions were evaluated in young guinea pigs when infected with 1 ml of 7 day old live cultures of leptospira interrogans serovars australis, canicola and icterohaemorrhagiae. Statistically significant elevation in triglycerides, very low density lipoprotein and phospholipid and a significant reduction in high density lipoprotein (HDL) in all the groups was observed. Cholesterol and low density lipoprotein showed ascending trend in icterohaemorrhagiae group, whereas they were normal in other groups. The results suggest that increase in triglycerides, phospholipid and decrease in HDL in a suspected case of leptospirosis may be considered as markers. 相似文献
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M. Vanaja M. Maheswari P. Sathish P. Vagheera N. Jyothi Lakshmi G. Vijay Kumar S. K. Yadav Abdul Razzaq Jainender Singh B. Sarkar 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2015,21(4):541-549
Three pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) genotypes- GT-1, AKP-1 and PRG-158 with varying crop duration, growth habit and flowering pattern were evaluated for variability in their response for drought stress. Drought stress was imposed at initiation of flowering and the observations on biomass and seed yield parameters were recorded at harvest. The magnitude of response of individual component to drought stress was found to be genotype specific. Drought stress significantly decreased photosynthetic rate (PN), transpiration rate (Tr) and relative water content (RWC) in all the genotypes, however the magnitude of reduction differed with genotype. With drought stress, the reduction of PN was highest in GT-1 while reduction in Tr was highest in PRG-158. The genotype AKP-1, accumulated significantly higher concentrations of osmotic solutes especially proline under water deficit stress, this facilitated it to maintain higher relative water content (RWC) and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content as compared to other genotypes. Drought stress also impacted biomass production and their partitioning to vegetative and reproductive components at harvest. There was significant variability between the genotypes for seed yield under drought stress while it was non-significant under well-watered condition. Drought stress enhanced flower drop and decreased flower to pod conversion resulting in reduced pod number and seed number in PRG-158 and GT-1. The genotype AKP-1 recorded superior performance for seed yield under stress environment due to its ability in maintaining pod and seed number as well as improved test weight (100 seed weight). Under drought stress, significant positive association of seed yield with proline, seed number, pod number and test weight clearly indicating their role in drought tolerance. 相似文献
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Origins of highly mosaic mycobacteriophage genomes 总被引:42,自引:0,他引:42
Pedulla ML Ford ME Houtz JM Karthikeyan T Wadsworth C Lewis JA Jacobs-Sera D Falbo J Gross J Pannunzio NR Brucker W Kumar V Kandasamy J Keenan L Bardarov S Kriakov J Lawrence JG Jacobs WR Hendrix RW Hatfull GF 《Cell》2003,113(2):171-182
Bacteriophages are the most abundant organisms in the biosphere and play major roles in the ecological balance of microbial life. The genomic sequences of ten newly isolated mycobacteriophages suggest that the bacteriophage population as a whole is amazingly diverse and may represent the largest unexplored reservoir of sequence information in the biosphere. Genomic comparison of these mycobacteriophages contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms of viral evolution and provides compelling evidence for the role of illegitimate recombination in horizontal genetic exchange. The promiscuity of these recombination events results in the inclusion of many unexpected genes including those implicated in mycobacterial latency, the cellular and immune responses to mycobacterial infections, and autoimmune diseases such as human lupus. While the role of phages as vehicles of toxin genes is well established, these observations suggest a much broader involvement of phages in bacterial virulence and the host response to bacterial infections. 相似文献
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HANDE GURER-ORHAN HILMI ORHAN SIBEL SUZEN M. ORHAN PÜSKÜLLÜ ERDEM BUYUKBINGOL 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(2):241-247
New, except 1d, melatonin analogue benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized in the present study. The potential role of melatonin as an antioxidant by scavenging and detoxifying ROS raised the possibility that compounds that are analogous to melatonin can also be used for their antioxidant properties. Therefore the antioxidant effects of the newly synthesized compounds were investigated in vitro by means of their inhibitory effect on hydrogen peroxide-induced erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxidation (EMLP) and on various erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). The synthesized benzimidazole derivatives showed remarkable antioxidant activity in vitro in the H2O2-induced EMLP system. Furthermore their effects on various antioxidant enzymes are discussed and evaluated from the perspective of structure- activity relationships. 相似文献