云南东南部石山苣苔属一新种——细管石山苣苔

最近被重新界定的广义石山苣苔属(Petrocodon Hance)是苦苣苔科(Gesneriaceae)一个中等大小的属,我国目前已知的有34种1变种,主要分布于我国华南至西南石灰岩地区。该文报道了于云南东南部马关县发现的该属一新种——细管石山苣苔(Petrocodon tenuitubus W. H. Chen,F. WenY. M. Shui)。该新种在形态上与陆氏细筒苣苔(P. lui)、细筒苣苔(P. hispidus)和长檐苣苔(P. jasminiflorus)相似,但其线形或披针形的苞片和小苞片均为3枚,花冠筒细小且弯曲,盘形柱头1,很容易区别于陆氏细筒苣苔和细筒苣苔;而其叶片卵形至圆形,花冠裂片卵形而尖端钝以及退化雄蕊3,则显著区别于长檐苣苔。该新种的发现对推进我国石灰岩地区苦苣苔科植物资源的发掘具有一定意义。主模式标本存放于中国科学院昆明植物研究所标本馆(KUN),等模式标本存放于广西植物研究所标本馆(IBK)。     

中越边境西隆山(中国部分)的山地苔藓林

报道了西隆山中国部分的植被,详细地记述了山地苔藓常绿阔叶林和山顶苔藓矮林的群落组成。该两种植被类型的优势类群分别以金缕梅科红花荷属和石楠科杜鹃属的多种植物为特征。比较研究显示该地区的两种苔藓林与云南西北部的有一定的相关性。     

Mapping of quantitative trait loci for oil content in cottonseed kernel

Oil content in cottonseed is a major quality trait which when improved through breeding could enhance the competitiveness of cottonseed oil among other vegetable oils. Cottonseed oil content is a quantitative trait controlled by genes in the tetraploid embryo and tetraploid maternal plant genomes, and the knowledge of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and the genetic effects related to oil content in both genomes could facilitate the improvement in its quality and quantity. However, till date, QTL mapping and genetic analysis related to this trait in cotton have only been conducted in the tetraploid embryo genome. In the current experiment, an IF₂ population of cottonseed kernels from the random crossing of 188 intraspecific recombinant inbred lines which were derived from the hybrid of two parents, HS46 and MARCABUCAG8US-1-88, were used to simultaneously locate QTLs for oil content in the embryo and maternal plant genomes. The four QTLs found to be associated with oil content in cottonseed were: qOC-18-1 on chromosome 18; qOC-LG-11 on linkage group 11; qOC-18-2 on chromosome 18; and qOC-22 on chromosome 22. At a high selection threshold of 0.05, there was strong evidence linking the QTLs above the oil content in cottonseed. Embryo additive and dominant effects from the tetraploid embryo genome, as well as maternal additive effects from the tetraploid maternal plant genome were found to be significant contributors to genetic variation in cottonseed oil content.     

合柱秋海棠——越南北部喀斯特地区秋海棠科盾叶一新种

描述了采自越南北部喀斯特地区秋海棠科（Begoniaceae）盾叶一新种,即合柱秋海棠（Begonia holostyla）。该新种在盾形叶和具黑色斑点的果实特征上相似于肿柄秋海棠（B. pulvinifera）,但是在合生到一半的花柱和新月形的柱头方面则不同,后者花柱基部合生,柱头2次分裂成1个螺旋状的带。此外,讨论了与近缘种肿柄秋海棠的形态差异和地理联系。     

The Ultrastructural Evidence on the Origin of Protein Bodies in the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum of Developing Cotyledons of Soybean

The process of protein body formation from rough endoplasmicreticulum (RER) in cotyledon cells of soybean has been followed.From about 43 d after flowering (DAF), the lumen of some partsof RER cisternae was dilated and filled gradually with proteinaceousmaterial. This kind of dilated RER expanded further to formlong and irregularly shaped protein bodies (PBs), and the latterdivided into smaller spherical protein bodies in mature seedsat 63 DAF. From these results and our previous observations,we draw the conclusion that there are two pathways of proteinbody formation in developing cotyledon cells in soybean. Duringthe early stage, vacuoles in the cells were filled with proteinaceousmaterial and turned into protein bodies. During the late stage,some of the dilated RER with storage proteins developed intoPBs A few vacuoles can also form PBs at this late stage. Inaddition, some fibre structures, 7–8 nm in width, wereseen to be oriented in parallel in longitudinal sections ofRER cisternae in cotyledon cells at 45 DAF. Soybean, protein body, ER origin, storage protein     

Peliosanthes pachystachya，a new species of the Liliaceae from Yunnan，China

Peliosanthes pachystachya W.H.Chen&Y.M.Shui,a new species of Liliaceae from L chun County,SE Yunnan,is described and illustrated.The new species is similar to P.sinica Wang&Tang in the stolon with internodes ca.18cm long,but different by leaves9-13-nerved     

南瓜组培根根系分泌物的化感效应研究

使用组织培养技术、生物测试法及室内分析相结合的方法研究了南瓜组培根在不同生长时期与不同营养谐迫下(利用正交设计调节标准B₅培养基中的大量元素、微量元素、有机质和激素)根分泌物对南瓜、萝卜和小麦3种受体的种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感作用.结果表明,南瓜具有自毒作用,南瓜组培根根系分泌物对受体幼苗生长的抑制作用呈现出高抑低促的作用表型;南瓜组培根根系分泌物产生化感作用的活性与南瓜组培根生长速度有关,南瓜组培根根系分泌物的生长抑制活性以15～17d即生长速度指数末期为最高,21d生物量最大时的南瓜组培根根系分泌物的生长抑制活性最低;营养元素的改变明显影响了南瓜根系分泌物的产生,并通过筛选出能诱导南瓜组培根对受体具有强烈抑制作用的大量元素、微量元素、维生素和激素种类和含量的最优化组合,为研究南瓜化感作用营养胁迫机理提供依据.     

特异性siRNA抑制hTERT基因表达的位置及时间效应

为了探讨不同位点siRNA在不同时间点对人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7细胞中hTERT mRNA表达的抑制作用,设计并化学合成4对针对人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)基因的特异性siRNA。以脂质体法转染入MCF-7细胞, 在转染后12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h和5 d, 用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测细胞中hTERT mRNA的表达。与对照组相比, 4段siRNA中有3段在转染后12 h即对hTERT mRNA的表达产生抑制, 48 h抑制率最高, 72 h后下降, 其中位于hTERT mRNA二级结构中的结构相对简单区域的siRNA抑制率最高, 达到75%, 说明特异性siRNA对hTERT基因有明显的抑制效果, 且该抑制效应具有位置及时间依赖性。     

中国爵床科一新记录种-紧贴马蓝

报道中国爵床科马蓝属植物一新记录种―紧贴马蓝StrobilanthesadpressaJ.R.I.Wood。     

云南秋海棠属叶表皮及毛被的扫描电镜观察

首次报道滇产秋海棠属46种3变种叶表皮及毛被的扫描电镜特征。研究表明所有种的特征组合均有明显区别,因而这些微形态特征可作为分种和变种的依据。在每个组内难以找到一致的特征,因而在组的划分上意义不大,但秋海棠组内毛被和表皮特征的分化却为探讨一些组间的关系提供了某些线索。另外,通过探讨各组内毛被的发生和生态环境的关系,似可看出侧膜组应为较原始的类型,从而推断各组间的关系。