CO2浓度升高对大豆糖代谢和脂肪代谢影响的研究

为明确大气CO2浓度升高对大豆糖代谢和脂肪代谢的影响,本研究以高油大豆品种"晋大70"为材料,利用控制气室设置CK(CO2浓度为400μmol/mol)和EC(CO2浓度为600μmol/mol)两个处理,大豆整个生育期均在控制气室内,在大豆鼓粒期利用便携式气体交换系统LI-6400测定光合参数,测定叶绿素含量、糖代谢...     

A novel alkaline protease from wild edible mushroom Termitomyces albuminosus

A protease with a molecular mass of 30 kDa and the N-terminal sequence of GLQTNAPWGLARSS, was isolated from fresh fruiting bodies of the wild edible mushroom Termitomyces albuminosus. The purification protocol included ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, Q-Sepharose, SP-Sepharose and FPLC-gel filtration on Superdex 75. The protein was unadsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Q-Sepharose, but adsorbed on SP-Sepharose. The optimal pH and temperature of the purified enzyme were 10.6 and 60 °C, respectively. The enzyme was stable in the presence of 2 % (v/v) Tween 80 and 4 M urea. More than 80 % of the enzyme activity was retained in 2 % (v/v) Triton X 100, 54 % in 10 mM EDTA and 31 % in 2 % (w/v) SDS. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), but not inhibited by dithiothreitol (DTT), pepstatin or lima bean trypsin inhibitor suggesting that it was a serine protease but not a trypsin-like one. The protease was inhibited by Hg(2+), Cu(2+), and Fe(3+) ions. The K(m) and V(max) values of the purified enzyme for casein were 8.26 mg ? ml(-1) and 0.668 mg ? ml(-1) ? min(-1), respectively.     

PIDD4, a novel PIDD isoform without the LRR domain, can independently induce cell apoptosis in cytoplasm

PIDD1 (P53-induced death domain) is a pro-apoptotic gene which can be induced by p53. So far, three alternative splicing products of human PIDD gene have been identified. Here we report a new splicing variant of this gene and named it PIDD4. The coding sequence of PIDD4 contains intron 3 and a 60 bp insert at the 5′ of exon 3. Each insertion has an in-frame stop codon, which makes PIDD4 get translated from exon 5 then. Therefore, PIDD4 protein lacks the 32 KD N-terminal peptide, missing the LRR domain found in the other three isoforms. In this study, we have shown that the expression of PIDD4 is also regulated by p53, and as PIDD2, it is not expressed in heart either. Moreover, PIDD4 is the only isoform which is expressed in skeletal muscle. This isoform mainly localizes in the cytoplasm, and produces a relatively higher proportion of PIDD-CC fragment. Overexpression of PIDD4 independently promotes apoptosis.     

Complete genome sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 168

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 168, a pathogenic strain prevalent in China, was isolated in 1974. Although this strain has been widespread for a long time, the genome sequence had not been determined. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of M. hyopneumoniae strain 168.     

铵减弱拟南芥主根向地性及其相关作用途径

向地性是决定植物根系空间构型的主要因素之一,对植物锚定和水分养分吸收至关重要。除了重力,根系向地性还受土壤环境因子影响。本文采用琼脂培养方法,研究了铵对拟南芥主根向地性反应的影响及相关作用途径。结果表明：短期内,不同浓度（NH4）2SO4均显著抑制主根向地性弯曲,但随着时间的延长,根尖向地性角度逐渐变小。而等（NH4）2SO4浓度的NaCl对主根向地性抑制效应较小,不同浓度的甘露醇不阻碍主根向地性弯曲。纽织化学染色结果显示铵处理12h以内,Col-0根尖没有淀粉体的快速降解过程,并且铵对淀粉体缺失突变体pgm—1主根向地性的影响同Col-0相似。铵处理部分恢复生长素转运载体突变体auxl-22和eir1-1主根向地性缺失。这些结果表明,铵对拟南芥主根向地性的影响独立于根尖淀粉体参与的重力感应途径。     

维生素D3对三角帆蚌外套膜细胞内Ca2+浓度的影响

采用胰酶消化法获得三角帆蚌(Hyriopsis cumingii)外套膜细胞,用Fluo-3/AM荧光标记技术和激光共聚焦扫描显微镜(confocal laser scanning microscope,CLSM)检测外套膜内外表皮细胞在静息状态下细胞的游离ca2+浓度及不同浓度维生素D.(VD.)孵育后的外套膜细胞的...     

中国油橄榄适生区研究

油橄榄在中国引种已50多年,引种初期对其特殊的生态习性了解不够深入,出现了许多问题。作者从近40年的栽培实践中,认真分析了我国亚热带地区与地中海亚热带地区气候的差异,认为中国发展油橄榄生产的最佳适生区是西部干旱河谷地区,其中以甘南自龙江河谷和滇西北及川西南金沙江河谷发展的潜力最大。     

Evacetrapib is a novel, potent, and selective inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein that elevates HDL cholesterol without inducing aldosterone or increasing blood pressure

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) catalyses the exchange of cholesteryl ester and triglyceride between HDL and apoB containing lipoprotein particles. The role of CETP in modulating plasma HDL cholesterol levels in humans is well established and there have been significant efforts to develop CETP inhibitors to increase HDL cholesterol for the treatment of coronary artery disease. These efforts, however, have been hampered by the fact that most CETP inhibitors either have low potency or have undesirable side effects. In this study, we describe a novel benzazepine compound evacetrapib (LY2484595), which is a potent and selective inhibitor of CETP both in vitro and in vivo. Evacetrapib inhibited human recombinant CETP protein (5.5 nM IC(50)) and CETP activity in human plasma (36 nM IC(50)) in vitro. In double transgenic mice expressing human CETP and apoAI, evacetrapib exhibited an ex vivo CETP inhibition ED(50) of less than 5 mg/kg at 8 h post oral dose and significantly elevated HDL cholesterol. Importantly, no blood pressure elevation was observed in rats dosed with evacetrapib at high exposure multiples compared with the positive control, torcetrapib. In addition, in a human adrenal cortical carcinoma cell line (H295R cells), evacetrapib did not induce aldosterone or cortisol biosynthesis whereas torcetrapib dramatically induced aldosterone and cortisol biosynthesis. Our data indicate that evacetrapib is a potent and selective CETP inhibitor without torcetrapib-like off-target liabilities. Evacetrapib is currently in phase II clinical development.     

Oligomerization state-dependent hyperlipidemic effect of angiopoietin-like protein 4

Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (Angptl4) is the second member of the angiopoietin-like family of proteins previously shown to increase plasma triglyceride (TG) levels in vivo. We recently reported that Angptl4 is a variable-sized oligomer formed by intermolecular disulfide bonds and undergoes regulated proteolytic processing upon secretion. We now show that adenoviral overexpression of Angptl4 potently increases plasma TG levels by a mechanism independent of food intake or hepatic VLDL secretion. We determined that cysteine residues at positions 76 and 80 of Angptl4, conserved among mouse, rat, and human, are required to form higher order structures. By generating adenoviral expression vectors of Angptl4 containing different epitope tags at both N and C termini, we show that loss of oligomerization results in decreased stability of the N-terminal coiled-coil domain of Angptl4 as well as decreased ability to increase plasma TG levels, suggesting that intermolecular disulfide bond formation plays important roles in determining the magnitude of the hyperlipidemic effect of Angptl4. Because Angptl4 is more potent than Angptl3 in increasing plasma TG levels in mice, inappropriate oligomerization of Angptl4 could be associated with disorders of lipid metabolism in vivo.     

葡萄园果蝇的发生及综合防治研究进展

果蝇因种类多、分布广、寄主广、繁殖力强,世代历期短,近年已成为葡萄的重要害虫之一。葡萄果蝇幼虫不仅蛀食果实,导致果实逐渐软化以致变褐色,还能导致微生物的二次侵染,诱发酸腐病,严重影响葡萄的品质和产量。现已发现危害葡萄的果蝇有7种,其中以黑腹果蝇为优势种,其次为斑翅果蝇和叔白颜果蝇。在山东地区,7月初是斑翅果蝇和叔白颜果蝇的发生高峰期,而黑腹果蝇发生高峰期为8-9月上旬。就不同葡萄品种来说,黑腹果蝇成虫对4个葡萄品种巨峰、马奶、无核白和红提的嗜好程度无显著差异,幼虫对红提的嗜好程度显著高于巨峰、马奶和无核白;斑翅果蝇和叔白颜果蝇对于金手指等早熟品种以及果皮较薄的葡萄品种具有更强的趋性。本文依据葡萄园主要果蝇的种类、生物特征、生活习性、发生规律和危害习性,并从农业防治、物理防治、化学防治和生物防治等方面总结分析了其综合防治措施,以期为葡萄园果蝇的可持续控制提供理论和技术支持。