Poliomyelitis in pregnancy

Acute poliomyelitis occurs in all trimesters of pregnancy. At one time there were six women in the poliomyelitis ward at Children's Hospital, five of whom were either pregnant or recently delivered. Poliomyelitis is an important entity in the differential diagnosis of diseases complicating pregnancy. Once diagnosed, treatment is directed primarily toward the symptoms of poliomyelitis, secondarily toward pregnancy. Effort should be made to maintain adequately high oxygen tension in the maternal blood stream to protect the fetus. The prognosis of the disease when it occurs during pregnancy may be less predictable, but it is generally good for both mother and infant. Although the incidence of abortion is relatively high, if the pregnancy goes to term parturition is expected to be normal. The number of cases reported is not sufficient to establish the significance of the suspected selective occurrence of poliomyelitis in pregnancy.     

Studies on auxin protectors XIV. Chlorogenic acid, a low molecular weight auxin protector in sunflower

Abstract Acetone extracts of sunflower leaves yielded two low molecular weight compounds with significant auxin protector activity. By means of chromatography, UV spectra, and acid hydrolysis it was possible to ascertain that most of the protector activity was associated with chlorogenic acid. Some protector activity was also associated with a derivative of chlorogenic acid, tentatively identified as isochlorogenic acid. A possible role for chlorogenic acid is proposed.     

Source--sink Relationships and Carbon Metabolism in Tomato Leaves 1. 14C Assimilate Compartmentation

Effects of the interaction between assimilate availability andsink demand on the metabolism of ¹⁴C assimilates in tomato leaveshave been examined in plants where the source—sink relationshipof assimilates was simplified to one leaf and one fruit truss. During experimentation the source leaf was exposed to either80 or 20 W m^–2 (PAR), while the truss was either retainedor removed. Under these four source-sink conditions, a timecourse study was made on ¹⁴C assimilate distribution in thesource leaf over a period of 23 h after pulse feeding with ¹⁴CO₂. While truss removal caused a temporary increase of ¹⁴C sucrosein leaves under both irradiances, the principal assimilatesaccumulated were starch and hexoses. Decreased ¹⁴C export followingtruss removal was observed within a day in well-illuminatedleaves but after 3 days in leaves under low light. The accumulationof ¹⁴C sucrose at the end of the light period was affected bytruss removal in high light leaves only 3 days later. These observations suggest that while the compartmentation ofnewly fixed assimilate was affected rapidly by the change ofsource—sink relationship, carbon export, as measured by¹⁴C loss, was affected only gradually. The possible effect of sucrose accumulation on photosynthesisis discussed.     

The role of chemoreception in sex recognition by male crickets: Acheta domesticus and Teleogryllus oceanicus

ABSTRACT. Contact chemoreception is important in female recognition by Teleogryllus oceanicus (Le Guillou) males. Antennal contact of female conspecifics, body regions, detached antennae and conditioned substrate elicited mostly courtship responses including courtship songs. Aggressive acts were produced only in response to male conspecifics. Male body regions, detached antennae and conditioned substrate elicited very few courtship or aggressive acts and no songs. This suggests that one or several communication modes, in addition to chemical communication, are necessary to elicit aggressive responses. Acheta domesticus (L.) males cannot rely upon chemical cues for recognition of either sex. Responses to conspecifics suggest that A. domesticus males produce aggressive acts immediately after antennal contact with either sex. Aggressive response to males usually persists, but response to females often switches to courtship. Responses to body regions, detached antennae, and conditioned substrate were few, with courtship and aggressive responses elicited by both male- and female-generated stimuli. The importance of contact chemoreception in cricket communication is suggested by (1) failure of hexane-washed antennae to elicit aggressive or courtship acts, and (2) males spending more time in contact with body regions and conditioned substrates than with corresponding controls. Lack of response to male or female odour-laden air suggests that chemical signals are used by males only if directly contacted. Chemical and other signals supplement the obvious use of acoustic signals for intra- and intersexual communication in these crickets. The importance of multimodal communication in sex recognition is discussed.