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Trichosanthin(TCS)isanimportantmemberofribosomeinactivatingproteins[1].ItpossessesNglycosidaseactivityremovingadenine(ADE)atpositionA4324of28SrRNA[2].TheactivepocketofNglycosidasehasbeenestablishedthroughthecrystalstructuresofTCS,αMMCandricinandassayofmutants… 相似文献
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MARIANA RICCA A. JONATHAN SHAW 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2010,99(1):135-151
Several complexes of species in Sphagnum (peat mosses) originated through hybridization and allopolyploidy, suggesting that these processes have played a major evolutionary role in this genus. The Sphagnum subsecundum complex includes gametophytically haploid and diploid species in North America. Analyses of 12 microsatellite loci and sequences from two plastid DNA markers show that the evolutionary history of this group is substantially more complex than previously thought. Two taxonomic species, Sphagnum lescurii and Sphagnum inundatum, include both haploid and diploid populations. Within each ploidal level, S. lescurii and S. inundatum are not genetically differentiated. The diploid taxa show patterns of fixed heterozygosity for the microsatellite markers, consistent with an allopolyploid origin. Diploid S. lescurii is an allopolyploid between haploid S. lescurii and (haploid) S. subsecundum. Sphagnum carolinianum is an allopolyploid between haploid S. lescurii and an unknown parent. We detected homoploid hybridization between the haploids Sphagnum contortum and S. subsecundum. Finally, we report three samples of diploid Sphagnum platyphyllum (otherwise haploid) that have an allopolyploid origin involving north‐eastern haploid S. platyphyllum and an unidentified taxon. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 99 , 135–151. 相似文献
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Background
Gene loss, inversions, translocations, and other chromosomal rearrangements vary among species, resulting in different rates of structural genome evolution. Major chromosomal rearrangements are rare in most eukaryotes, giving large regions with the same genes in the same order and orientation across species. These regions of macrosynteny have been very useful for locating homologous genes in different species and to guide the assembly of genome sequences. Previous analyses in the fungi have indicated that macrosynteny is rare; instead, comparisons across species show no synteny or only microsyntenic regions encompassing usually five or fewer genes. To test the hypothesis that chromosomal evolution is different in the fungi compared to other eukaryotes, synteny was compared between species of the major fungal taxa. 相似文献25.
The diagnosis of rare genetic disorders involves classifying patients on the basis of clinical understandings of the relationship between visible, measurable characteristics (the phenotype) and an underlying genetic characterization (the genotype). Diagnosis is performed through the routine ritual observation and interpretation of images of patients in relation to their clinical features and test results. In this process, which is mediated by senior clinicians, the experience of the effect of a patient's image is integral to the skilful elicitation of a diagnosis. Such skill develops over time, through regular participation in diagnostic performances. I suggest that, from this perspective, genetic diagnosis is a clinical process rather than a form of genetic reductionism and that assumptions about 'geneticization' require further exploration. The article also shows that participant observation and a cross-cultural mode of analysis can contribute to documenting and interpreting these processes. 相似文献
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