皇甫川流域退化草地和恢复草地土壤微生物生物量的研究

土壤微生物生物量常被作为植物所需营养元素的转化因子和资源库,是表明土壤发育状况和生化强度的一项主要指标。在内蒙古伊盟准格尔旗皇甫川流域,对退化草地和恢复草地土壤微生物生物量进行了研究。结果表明,土壤微生物生物量的垂直分布依次为0～10>10～20>20～30>30～40>40～50cm,随土层加深而递减;0～10cm土层细菌和丝状微生物生物量超过其他土层;恢复草地各土层中的土壤微生物生物量均高于退化草地;恢复草地的土壤微生物生物量与土壤肥力密切相关。     

Prevalence and evolution of drug resistance HIV-1 variants in Henan, China

To understand the prevalence and evolution of drug resistant HIV strains in Henan China after the implementation of free antiretroviral therapy for AIDS patients. 45 drug naive AIDS patients, 118 AIDS patients who received three months antiretroviral therapy and 124 AIDS patients who received six months antiretroviral treatment were recruited in the southern part of Henan province. Information on general condition, antiretroviral medicines, adherence and clinical syndromes were collected by face to face interview. Meanwhile, 14ml EDTA anticoagulant blood was drawn. CD4/CD8 T cell count, viral load and genotypic drug resistance were tested. The rates of clinical improvement were 55.1% and 50.8% respectively three months and six months after antiretroviral therapy. The mean CD4 cell count after antiretroviral therapy was significantly higher than in drug naive patients. The prevalence rate of drug resistant HIV strains were 13.9%, 45.4% and 62.7% in drug naive patients, three month treatment patients and six month treatment patients, respectively.The number of resistance mutation codons and the frequency of mutations increased significantly with continued antiretroviral therapy. The mutation sites were primarily at the 103, 106 and 215 codons in the three-month treatment group and they increased to 15 codon mutations in the six-month treatment group. From this result, the evolution of drug resistant strains was inferred to begin with the high level NNRTI resistant strain, and then develop low level resistant strains to NRTIs. The HIV strains with high level resistance to NVP and low level resistance to AZT and DDI were highly prevalent because of the AZT DDI NVP combination therapy. These HIV strains were also cross resistant to DLV, EFV, DDC and D4T. Poor adherence to therapy was believed to be the main reason for the emergence and prevalence of drug resistant HIV strains. The prevalence of drug resistant HIV strains was increased with the continuation of antiretroviral therapy in the southern part of Henan province. Measures, that could promote high level adherence,provide new drugs and change ART regimens in failing patients, should be implemented as soon as possible.     

辣根过氧化物酶同工酶C基因在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的克隆与鉴定

目的：克隆辣根过氧化物酶同工酶C基因,为此基因的表达作准备。方法：用PCR方法从辣根的总DNA中扩增得到一种辣根过氧化物酶同工酶C基因HRPC2,通过PCR的方法去除内含子后连接到pMD18-T载体上,测序证明正确后,用限制性内切酶切下目的基因,插入到巴斯德毕赤酵母表达载体pPIC9K中,构建成重组质粒pC2EX9K。再将辣根过氧化物酶同工酶C基因在毕赤酵母中进行克隆、鉴定。结果：重组质粒pC2EX9K转化毕赤酵母后,经PCR鉴定,证明形成了目的基因的克隆。结论：应用毕赤酵母作为受体菌,pPIC9K为载体,成功克隆了HRPC2。     

Effects of Phosphorus Nutrient on the Hydraulic Conductivity of Sorghum （Sorghum vulgare Pers.） Seedling Roots Under Water Deficiency

Hydroponic experiments were conducted in a growth chamber and changes in the hydraulic conductivity of sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) roots (Lpr) at the three-leaf stage were measured using the pressure chamber method. Water deficiency was imposed with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 and the phosphorus (P) levels were controlled by complete Hoagland solution with and without P nutrient. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of P nutrition on root Lpr under water deficiency. The results showed that the Lpr in P deficiency treatments decreased markedly, but the Lpr recovered to the same value as that of control when sufficient P was supplied for 4-24 h. Water deficiency decreased Lpr, but the hydraulic conductivity of the roots with sufficient P supply was still higher than that of plants without P supply. When resuming water supply, the Lpr of the water-deficient plants under P supply recovered faster than that of plants without P supply, which indicates that plants with sufficient P nutrient are more drought tolerant and have a greater ability to recover after drought. The treatment of HgCl2 indicated that P nutrient could regulate the Lpr by affecting the activity and the expression levels of aquaporins.     

蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)与果实品质及成熟衰老的研究进展

从蔗糖磷酸合成酶（sucrose phosphate synthase,SPS）基本性质、SPS与果实糖的积累、相关酶类和外源刺激、乙烯和呼吸、果实软化的火系及SPS基因的克隆与表达调控等几方面综述了国内外近年来对SPS的研究进展。     

珍珠菜属植物的花粉形态及其系统进化学意义

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对20 种珍珠菜属植物的花粉形态结构进行了详细研究。根据花粉的大小、形状、表面纹饰和外壁构造等特征可划分为四大类型,即细梗香草型、白花过路黄型、过路黄型和黑腺珍珠菜型。对它们可能的进化水平进行了分析,并结合形态学、细胞学等资料进一步探讨了珍珠菜属各亚属间的系统演化关系。     

核苷类药物酶法合成研究进展

由于核苷类似物具有很高的抗病毒活性,因为而已成为医药工作者研究的重点。运用酶法合成核苷类似物．已经显示了巨大的优势。本文综述了酶法合成核苷类似物的产生菌种和酶系,以及它们的催化机理,并罗列了已经用于生产或较有使用价值的菌种。     

梨树花芽休眠解除与活性氧代谢的关系

梨树(Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.)自然休眠和休眠解除时,花芽的活性氧代谢发生变化.O2-·产生速率和H2O2的含量在休眠期间上升,在休眠后期下降.抗氧化系统中SOD活性在自然休眠期呈下降趋势,自然休眠结束活性上升.POD和CAT活性在自然休眠期上升.抗氧化物质AsA和GSH的含量随休眠进行而下降,休眠解除过程中重新升高.APX和GR的活性在休眠期间活性下降,休眠结束活性迅速上升.这些结果表明:花芽的休眠与活性氧的代谢有很大关系.     

祁门过路黄和过路黄核型的比较研究

报道了祁门过路黄和过路黄的核型。前者核型公式为2n=2x=24=6m 6sin 6st 6t,为首次报道;后者核型公式为2n=2x=24=2m 4sm 6st 12t。与前人报道一致．并进一步对二者的核型进行比较分析。根据核型和外部形态特征的综合分析,祁门过路黄和过路黄的差异水平已明显超过种内变异水平,故将祁门过路黄独立出来,另立新种,是比较恰当的。     

水稻温敏失绿突变体的Rubisco活化酶活性、蛋白质与氨基酸组分的变化

在水稻温敏失绿突变性状表达过程中,对其Rubsico 含量、Rubsico 活化酶活性,全叶蛋白及游离氨基酸组分变化进行测定。结果表明:突变体的Rubisco 结构和含量与野生型一样,保持相对稳定;而其Rubisco 活化酶活性则随一个分子量为56.2kD(PI=4.5)的特异蛋白质的存在与消失发生明显改变。当突变性状表达时,分子量为56.2kD(PT=4.5)的特异蛋白消失,其Rubisco 活化酶活性下降;当叶片失绿区域复绿时,56.2kD(PI=4.5)特异蛋白出现,则Rubisco 活化酶活性上升。这一密切地相关关系表明,突变体的Rubisco 活化酶活性变化在光合作用过程中,除与自身结构和含量有关外,还与叶片中这一特异蛋白的存在密切相关,它可能是Rubisco 活化酶活性的调节蛋白。这种调节具体表现在氨基酸代谢上,是对上游氨基酸的阻遏调控,从而使叶绿体的结构物质合成受阻,最终导致类囊体膜的退化。