三倍体换锦花在安徽发现

本文对分布于安徽江南和江淮两个地区野生居群的换锦花Lycoris sprengeri进行了细胞学研究, 发现换锦花为一复合体,包括两个不同类型：(1)三倍体类型,分布于安徽马鞍山市采石的野生居群,其 染色体数目和核型为2n=33=9st+21t+3T,属4A核型,极其稳定,该种的三倍体类型为首次发现;(2) 二倍体类型,分布于滁州市琅琊山的野生居群,发现有2个核型,核型I,2n=22=8st+14t,属4A核型, 约占观察细胞的80％;核型Ⅱ,2n=22=1m+1sm+14st+6t,属3B核型,约占观察细胞的20％,该染色 体核型为首次报道。换锦花三倍体居群和二倍体居群的植物外部形态特征基本相同。本文还指出罗伯逊变化在石蒜属核型演化中起了关键作用。     

拟南芥LFYcDNA的克隆及转化菊花的研究

以野生型拟南芥（Ａｒａｂｉｄｏｐｓｉｓｔｈａｌｉａｎａ（Ｌ．）Ｈｅｙｎｈ．）为材料,克隆并测序了Ｌｅａｆｙ（ＬＦＹ）基因的全长ｃＤＮＡ;同时构建了ＬＦＹｃＤＮＡ以ＣａＭＶ３５Ｓ为启动子的植物表达载体,并转化菊花（Ｃｈｒｙｓａｎｔｈｅｍｕｍｍｏｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｍ（Ｒａｍａｔ．）Ｔｚｖｅｌ．）。该ｃＤＮＡ全长１２６３ｂｐ,共编码４２０个氨基酸残基,Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果表明,ＬＦＹｃＤＮＡ整合到菊花染色体组中。跟正常植株相比,转基因植株中有３株分别提早６５、６７、７０ｄ开花,２株分别推迟７８、９０ｄ开花。     

激光与DNA作用系统非线性共振实验初探

用紫外可见分光光度计,对受Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光辐照过的ＤＮＡ溶液进行扫描。发现２０９ｎｍ吸收峰降低了１０％,表明６３２．８ｎｍＨｅ－Ｎｅ激光波ＤＮＡ吸收而引起其构象变化。Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光波长６３２．８ｎｍ,约为２０９ｎｍ的３倍,恰好为我们理论研究的激光与ＤＮＡ相互作用非线性系统的超谐波共振波长。因此该实验结果使我们的理论结果得到了初步验证。     

灰飞虱类酵母型共生菌18S rDNA序列变异及系统发生

分离纯化了云南楚雄、宁夏银川、北京通县、上海七宝镇、四川西昌５个地区的灰飞虱体内类酵母型共生菌（Ｙｅａｓｔ－ｌｉｋｅ Ｓｙｍｂｉｏｎｔｓ,ＹＬＳ）,并对其１８ＳｒＤＡＮ的约６００ｂｐ的序列进行了测定。结合已有的序列,构建了不同宿主的ＹＬＳ的分子系统树。结果表明,灰飞虱的ＹＬＳ属于子囊菌亚门Ｐｙｒｅｎｏｍｙｃｅｔｅｓ纲,与此纲的Ｈ．ｃｈｒｙｓｏｓｐｅｒｍｕｓ亲缘关系最近。我国各地区及日本的灰飞虱体内     

土壤水分与遮荫水平对棉花叶片光全特性的影响研究

以盆栽棉花（中棉２３号）做为供试材料,通过人工遮荫,设计了３种遮荫水平（不遮光（ＣＫ）,遮光７５％（ＤＮ）,遮光４０％（ＳＮ）和高、中、低３种水分组合处理,其土壤含水量分别为田间持水量的８５％￣１００％（高水分,ＨＷ）、６５％￣８５％（中水分,ＭＷ）和４５％￣６５％（低水分,ＬＷ）。探讨了土壤水分和遮荫水平共同作用对嘿期至蕾期中午的气孔寻度、净江合速率、蒸腾速率和叶水势等的影响。高水分下ＤＮ和ＳＮ     

Establishment of a Highly Efficient Ammonia Secreting Mutant of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 and the Glutamine Synthetase Activity,Photosynthesis and Growth in Its Immobilized Cells

A recombinate plasmid pDC-ATGS was constructed, which contained the antisense fragment of glnA gene from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 and transformed the unicellular cyanobactefium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942. The foreign DNA was inserted into the site of glnA locus of the chromosome through the homologous recombination. By using neomyisin, a highly efficient ammonia secretion mutant was selected. After immobilized, the cells of the mutant within polyurethane (PU) foams, glutamine synthetase (GS) and NIt4+ secretory activity of GS, and its growth and photosynthesis were measured. It was shown that NH4+ secretion of the immobilized mutant was enhanced 156 folds which was much higher than that of free-living cells of the wild type. The activity of GS was decreased by 73.6%. Growth of the mutant was the same as that of the wild type. The activity of photosystem Ⅱ in the immobilized mutant cells increased by 44% with 77 K fluorescence spectrum measurement.     

Alteration of Whole Leaf Protein of a Temperature sensitive Chlorophyll Deficient Rice Mutant During the Bleaching Process

l103s was a rice ( Oryza sativa L. ) mutant whose leaves would mm into chimerical chlorophylldeficient when treated with varied temperature (high - low - high). The alteration of whole leaf protein was studied with two-dimensional electrophoresis during the bleaching process. No changes of large subunit and small subunit of Rubisco had been detected in the bleached tissues of 1103s, but a 51 kD (PI =-4.5) special polypeptide-P1 disappeared in the white area during the bleaching process. P1 polypeptide was also detected in those tissues which remained green on the chlorophyll deficient leaves, although its amount apparenfiy decreased. In the tissue of low-temperature treated 1103s and l103s × 8902s, the normal expression of P1 polypeptide had been detected. The data suggest that P1 is an important chlorophyll-synthesis related down stream functional protein. In 1103s, it is regulated by some yet-tmknown temperature-sensitive mechanisms.     

Ultrastructural Observation on Chloroplast of the Thermo sensitive Green yellow Banded Leaf Mutant in Rice (Oryza sativa ssp.indica)

The green-yellow bands interrupted discolorated transverse bands on the leaves of the thermo-sensitive rice line l103s (Oryza sativa ssp. indica ) was induced by cold shock and the change of leaf color coincided with the change of chlorophyll contents. Uhrastmctural observation revealed that the chloroplast slructure in the yellow part degenerated, i.e., the number of stocks in granum abnormally decreased, thylakoid system was disintegrated and replaced by few single thylakoid, and then the whole structure of some chloroplast became vesicle-hke structure with high electronic density. Nonetheless, in the green zone of the green-yellow banded leaf, there were slight decrease in the number granum thylakoids, disordered grana arrangement in the chloroplast, and aggregation of osmiophile globule. However, it was found that these structural alternations were reversable in the process of recovery of the yellow part of the leaves into green, and the chloroplast structure renewed normally. It might be concluded that the character of green-yellow bands induced by cold shock was consequent upon a reverse process of degeneration and regeneration.     

新种祁门过路黄的核型证据

对新种祁门过路黄及其近缘种巴东过路黄和光叶巴东过路黄的核型在居群水平上进行了比较研究。结果表明这两种植物的核型特征在种内是稳定的,同一物种的不同居群间核型无明显差异。祁门过路黄的核型为2n=2x=24=6m+6sm+6st+6t;巴东过路黄和光叶巴东过路黄的核型均为2n=2x=24=6m+4sm+6st+8t;两物种间核型差异显著,核型特征支持将祁门过路黄作为新种处理。     

角倍蚜各虫态蜡腺的分布与结构

[目的]角倍蚜Schlechtendalia chinensis是五倍子的主要生产种,具有复杂的生活史,需要经历干母、干雌、秋迁蚜、越冬若蚜、春迁蚜和性蚜6种虫态,在盐肤木Rhus chinensis和藓类植物上转主寄生,经历有性和无性生殖、瘿内和瘿外世代的交替才能完成生活史.通过对角倍蚜蜡腺的研究,有助于深入了解角倍...