枯草芽孢杆菌B115优化培养及其对气单胞菌的抗菌效果的研究

采用正交实验设计确定了枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）B115的基础培养基成份为：胰蛋白胨1％,酵母膏0．25％,氯化钠0．5％;添加成份最优组合为（NH4）2SO4 0.1％,（K2HPO4＋KH2PO4）（1．4＋0．6）％和柠檬酸三钠0．1％;添加成分最优组合与基础培养基培养产量比较,表明添加K^＋、NH4^＋和柠檬酸三钠能极显著地促进B115的生长。研究了B115对致病性气单胞菌的抗菌效果,结果表明：B115对BSK-10和CL990920有明显抑、杀菌效果,对TL970424无抑菌效果。     

Trichopodiella faurei n. sp. (Ciliophora,Phyllopharyngea, Cyrtophoria): Morphological Description and Phylogenetic Analyses Based on SSU rRNA and Group I Intron Sequences

ABSTRACT. A new marine cyrtophorian ciliate Trichopodiella faurei n. sp., which belongs to the order Dysteriida, family Hartmannulidae, was investigated at the morphological and molecular levels. A combination of morphological features of the organism including the oval body shape, 2–3 contractile vacuoles, 22–28 nematodesmal rods in the cytopharyngeal basket, and 31–39 somatic kineties, distinguishes it from all other known congeners. In reconstructed small subunit (SSU) rRNA phylogenies, T. faurei groups with Isochona, a representative genus of the subclass Chonotrichia. The similarity of the infraciliature between hartmannulids and several chonotrichian examples also suggests that these taxa should be closely related. A new S943 intron belonging to group IC1 was identified in the SSU rRNA gene of this species. This intron is phylogenetically related to the S891 introns previously found in the suctorians Acineta sp. and Tokophrya lemnarum, and their internal guide sequences share four nucleotides, indicating that these introns were vertically inherited from a common phyllopharyngean ancestor and that reverse splicing might have been involved in the transposition.     

青海省鸟类记录

2005年5月青海湖发生了严重的野生水禽感染高致病性禽流感病毒(H5N1)的事件,斑头雁Anser indicus、棕头鸥Larus brunnicephalus、渔鸥L.ichthyaetus和普通鸬鹚Phalacrocorax carbo等10余种水禽约6000余只死于禽流感病毒[1].为了弄清青海湖鸟类的资源状况,2006年3～9月、2007年1月和4～8月,我们于不同时期在青海湖重要的繁殖地和迁徙停歇地,以及青海湖周边山中的森林,对鸟类资源状况进行了调查.     

小鼠孤雌胚早期发育过程中γ-微管蛋白的动态变化

微管蛋白是构成微管的主要蛋白,其中α、β亚单位形成异二聚体,而γ-微管蛋白在微管组装中起作用。为了研究小鼠早期孤雌胚中廿微管蛋白的动态变化,本实验采用了免疫荧光化学染色与激光共聚焦显微镜观察相结合的方法,在SrCl2激活的卵母细胞减数分裂以及早期孤雌胚有丝分裂过程中对γ-微管蛋白进行了定位观察。结果显示,SrCl2和细胞松弛素B（cytochalasin B,CB）诱导的第二次减数分裂中期（metaphase Ⅱ ofmeiosis,MII）小鼠卵母细胞恢复减数分裂,并且纺锤体始终与质膜平行,表明纺锤体旋转被抑制,但核分裂不受影响。减数分裂过程中γ-微管蛋白主要定位于中期纺锤体两极和后期分开的染色单体之间;孤雌活化两雌原核形成以后,γ-微管蛋白聚集在两雌原核周围。在早期孤雌胚有丝分裂间期无定形的γ-微管蛋白均匀分布于核;前中期γ-微管蛋白向两极移动,遍布于整个纺锤体区。有丝分裂中期、后期和末期廿微管蛋白的分布变化与减数分裂相似。结果表明,SrCl2和CB激活的MII卯母细胞产生杂合二倍体;γ-微管蛋白具有促微管负极帽形成和稳定微管的功能,从而促进纺锤体的形成;分裂后期和末期廿微管蛋白的重新分布可能是由纺锤体牵引同源染色体分离所诱导的：γ-微管蛋白负责两雌原核的迁移靠近。     

结核病房医院感染与抗生素使用相关性分析

目的：探讨临床抗菌药物应用与结核病房医院感染严重程度的相关性。方法：分析3年来我院结核病房医院感染209例共计221株病原菌,细菌鉴定采用法国梅里埃ATB细菌鉴定药敏分析仪,药敏试验联合应用微量测定法与K—B纸片法。结果：在221株病原菌中革兰阴性杆菌最多为112株,占50．7％,念珠菌75株,占33．9％。主要致病菌依次为白色念珠菌61株(27．6％),铜绿假单胞菌37株(16．8％),肺炎克雷伯菌25株(10．9％)。药敏试验表明细菌耐药明显增加,大多数革兰阴性杆菌对亚胺培南、阿米卡垦、头孢他啶较敏感,金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素100％敏感。每例结核病患者除抗结核药物外平均使用2．67种抗菌药物。结论：结核病房医院感染主要来源于内源性感染,其严重性与抗菌药物大量、重复使用密切相关。     

基于RS、GIS的天目山自然保护区植被空间分布规律研究

以RS、GIS技术为工具。将天目山自然保护区的TM遥感影像进行处理与分类得到该区的植被分布图。利用GIS空间分析功能。研究了天目山自然保护区内各植被类型空间分布规律。重点研究了其中的一种植被类型。研究结果定量描述了自然保护区内各植被类型的高程、坡向、坡度分布,给出科学的统计结果。总结了研究区内植被类型的空间分布规律,把对植被类型的空间分布规律的定性理解转为定量描述,结合实际给出了理论解释。为自然保护区的规划、管理和保护提供了科学依据。     

Expression of Outer Capsid Protein VP5 of Grass Carp Reovirus in E.coli and Analysis of its Immunogenicity

Grass carp reovirus （GCRV） is a tentative member of the Aquareovirus genus in the family Reoviridae. The mature virion comprises 11 dsRNA genomes enclosed by two concentric icosahedral proteins shells that is comprised of five core proteins and two outer capsid proteins. The genome sequence and 3D structure demonstrate there is a higher level of sequence homology in structural proteins between GCRV and mammalian orthoreoviruses （MRV） compared to other members of the family. To understand the pathogenesis of GCRV infection, the outer capsid protein VP5, a homology of the μ1 protein of MRV, was expressed in E.coli. It was found that the recombinant VP5 was highly expressed, and the expressed His-tag fusion protein was involved in the formation of the inclusion body. Additionally, specific anti-VP5 serum was prepared from purified protein and western blot demonstrated that the expressed protein was able to bind immunologically to rabbit anti GCRV particle serum and the immunogenicity was determined by ELISA assay. Additional experiments in investigating the functional properties of VP5 will further elucidate the role of the GCRV outer capsid protein VP5 during entry into host cells, and its interaction among viral proteins and host cells during the infection process.     

蛋氨酸脑啡肽（MEK）联合干扰素γ抗肿瘤作用研究

观察蛋氨酸脑啡肽（MEK）和注射用重组人干扰素γ（IFN-γ）单独和联合应用的抗肿瘤效应。应用动物移植性肿瘤的体内试验法,分别观察MEK、IFN-γ和MEK＋IFN-γ对肿瘤的抑瘤作用及小鼠生命延长率情况。结果显示,MEK组、IFN-γ组和MEK＋IFN-γ组的抑瘤作用分别为129．11％（P〈0．001）、78．11％（P〈0．001）、231．10％（P〈0．001）,均有显著差异;生命延长率MEK组20．28％（P〈0．001）有显著差异,IFN-γ组13．50％（P〉0．001）无显著差异,MEK＋IFN-γ组41．25％（P〈0.001）有显著差异。可见,MEK、IFN-γ和MEK＋IFN-γ都对小鼠移植性瘤有一定的抑制作用,MEK和MEK＋IFN-γ能够延长小鼠生命,而IFN-γ单独应用不能延长小鼠生命。MEK和IFN-γ联合应用时作用相加。而不良反应未相加。