全文获取类型
收费全文 | 670篇 |
免费 | 98篇 |
国内免费 | 2篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 21篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 23篇 |
2012年 | 31篇 |
2011年 | 35篇 |
2010年 | 24篇 |
2009年 | 27篇 |
2008年 | 28篇 |
2007年 | 29篇 |
2006年 | 20篇 |
2005年 | 37篇 |
2004年 | 28篇 |
2003年 | 34篇 |
2002年 | 29篇 |
2001年 | 27篇 |
2000年 | 21篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 21篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 10篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 6篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有770条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
The extent and ecological significance of trophic linkages across ecosystem boundaries have been the subject of considerable recent research attention. North American beavers Castor canadensis engineer terrestrial influences in aquatic ecosystems by constructing terrestrial food caches near their lodges and aquatic influences in terrestrial ecosystems by building dams and flooding low lying areas. However, it is poorly resolved to what extent beavers rely on aquatic food sources and whether this reliance is greater during winter when ice cover physically confines beavers to aquatic habitats or during summer when warm, ice free water promotes the growth and accessibility of aquatic vegetation. Working in a subarctic region, we surveyed the abundance of aquatic and terrestrial food sources in and around lotic and lentic environments and estimated their contributions to beaver diets during open water and ice covered periods using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of hair samples. Ponds had four times more aquatic vegetation than streams, but terrestrial habitats around ponds had less than half as much shrub cover as habitats adjacent to streams. Beaver diets in this subarctic environment are estimated to be comprised of 60 to 80% aquatic vegetation, with beavers occupying ponds consuming more aquatic vegetation in winter than beavers occupying streams, which rely more on terrestrial shrubs cached near their lodge. Collectively, these results show how the influence of physical barriers on ecosystem linkages can be modified by habitat‐ and season‐specific abundances of preferred resources and the potential for animals to consume food in ecosystems and seasons different from where and when the food was harvested. 相似文献
82.
Janet A Askari David J Thornton Jonathan D Humphries Patrick A Buckley Martin J Humphries 《Matrix biology》2007,26(6):485-493
Fibronectin (FN) is a prototypic adhesive glycoprotein that is widely expressed in extracellular matrices and body fluids. The fibronectin molecule is dimeric, and composed of a series of repeating polypeptide modules. A recombinant fragment of FN incorporating type III repeats 12-15, and including the alternatively-spliced type three connecting segment (IIICS), was found to bind Ni(2+), Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) divalent cations, whereas a similar fragment lacking the IIICS did not. Mutation of two pairs of histidine residues in separate spliced regions of the IIICS reduced cation binding to near the level of the variant lacking the IIICS, suggesting a zinc finger-like mode of cation coordination. Analysis of native FNs purified from plasma or amniotic fluid revealed significant levels of zinc associated with those isoforms that contain the complete IIICS. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the IIICS region of FN is a novel zinc-binding module. 相似文献
83.
Marcelo R. de Carvalho Flávio A. Bockmann Dalton S. Amorim Carlos Roberto F. Brandão Mário de Vivo José L. de Figueiredo Heraldo A. Britski Mário C. C. de Pinna Naércio A. Menezes Fernando P. L. Marques Nelson Papavero Eliana M. Cancello Jorge V. Crisci John D. McEachran Robert C. Schelly John G. Lundberg Anthony C. Gill Ralf Britz Quentin D. Wheeler Melanie L. J. Stiassny Lynne R. Parenti Larry M. Page Ward C. Wheeler Julián Faivovich Richard P. Vari Lance Grande Chris J. Humphries Rob DeSalle Malte C. Ebach Gareth J. Nelson 《Evolutionary biology》2007,34(3-4):140-143
84.
Omar HH Humphries JE Larsen MJ Kubiak TM Geary TG Maule AG Kimber MJ Day TA 《International journal for parasitology》2007,37(7):725-733
We report the characterisation of the first neuropeptide receptor from the phylum Platyhelminthes, an early-diverging phylum which includes a number of important human and veterinary parasites. The G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) was identified from the model flatworm Girardia tigrina (Tricladida: Dugesiidae) based on the presence of motifs widely conserved amongst GPCRs. In two different assays utilising heterologous expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells, the Girardia GPCR was most potently activated by neuropeptides from the FMRFamide-like peptide class. The most potent platyhelminth neuropeptide in both assays was GYIRFamide, a FMRFamide-like peptide known to be present in G. tigrina. There was no activation by neuropeptide Fs, another class of flatworm neuropeptides. Also active were FMRFamide-like peptides derived from other phyla but not known to be present in any platyhelminth. Most potent among these were nematode neuropeptides encoded by the Caenorhabditis elegans flp-1 gene which share a PNFLRFamide carboxy terminal motif. The ability of nematode peptides to stimulate a platyhelminth receptor demonstrates a degree of structural conservation between FMRFamide-like peptide receptors from these two distinct, distant phyla which contain parasitic worms. 相似文献
85.
Development of strategies for conditional RNA interference 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Allen D Kenna PF Palfi A McMahon HP Millington-Ward S O'Reilly M Humphries P Farrar GJ 《The journal of gene medicine》2007,9(4):287-298
BACKGROUND: RNA interference (RNAi) represents a powerful tool with which to undertake sequence-dependent suppression of gene expression. Synthesized double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or dsRNA generated endogenously from plasmid or viral vectors can be used for RNAi. For the latter, polymerase III promoters which drive ubiquitous expression in all tissues have typically been adopted. Given that dsRNA molecules must contain few 5' and 3' over-hanging bases to maintain potency, employing polymerase II promoters to drive tissue-specific expression of RNAi may be problematic due to potential inclusion of nucleotides 5' and 3' of siRNA sequences. METHODS: To circumvent this, polymerase II promoters in combination with cis-acting hammerhead ribozymes and short-hairpin RNA sequences have been explored as a means to generate potent dsRNA molecules in tissues defined by the promoter in use. RESULTS: The novel constructs evaluated in this study produced functional siRNA which suppressed the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) both in vitro and in vivo (in mice). Additionally, the constructs did not appear to elicit a significant type-1 interferon response compared to traditional H1-transcribed shRNA. CONCLUSIONS: Given the potential 'off-target' effects of dsRNAs, it would be preferable in many cases to limit expression of dsRNA to the tissue of interest and moreover would significantly augment the resolution of RNAi technologies. Notably, the system under evaluation in this study could readily be adapted to achieve this objective. 相似文献
86.
Background
The role played by microRNAs (miRs) as common regulators in physiologic processes such as development and various disease states was recently highlighted. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) linked to RHO (which encodes rhodopsin) is the most frequent form of inherited retinal degeneration that leads to blindness, for which there are no current therapies. Little is known about the cellular mechanisms that connect mutations within RHO to eventual photoreceptor cell death by apoptosis. 相似文献87.
The ability of cells to adhere to each other and to their surrounding extracellular matrices is essential for a multicellular existence. Adhesion provides physical support for cells, regulates cell positioning and enables microenvironmental sensing. The integrins and the syndecans are two adhesion receptor families that mediate adhesion, but their relative and functional contributions to cell-extracellular matrix interactions remain obscure. Recent advances have highlighted connections between the signalling networks that are controlled by these families of receptors. Here we survey the evidence that synergistic signalling is involved in controlling adhesive function and the regulation of cell behaviour in response to the external environment. 相似文献
88.
89.
Innate immunity represents the first line of defence against invading pathogens. It consists of an initial inflammatory response that recruits white blood cells to the site of infection in an effort to destroy and eliminate the pathogen. Some pathogens replicate within host cells, and cell death by apoptosis is an important effector mechanism to remove the replication niche for such microbes. However, some microbes have evolved evasive strategies to block apoptosis, and in these cases host cells may employ further countermeasures, including an inflammatory form of cell death know as necroptosis. This review aims to highlight the importance of the RIP kinase family in controlling these various defence strategies. RIP1 is initially discussed as a key component of death receptor signalling and in the context of dictating whether a cell triggers a pathway of pro-inflammatory gene expression or cell death by apoptosis. The molecular and functional interplay of RIP1 and RIP3 is described, especially with respect to mediating necroptosis and as key mediators of inflammation. The function of RIP2, with particular emphasis on its role in NOD signalling, is also explored. Special attention is given to emphasizing the physiological and pathophysiological contexts for these various functions of RIP kinases. 相似文献
90.