Harmonised Australian Reference Intervals for Serum PINP and CTX in Adults

Bone turnover markers (BTMs) are classified as either formation or resorption markers. Their concentrations in blood or urine of adults are considered to reflect the rate of bone remodelling and may be of use in the management of patients with bone disease. Major inter-method differences exist for BTMs, and harmonisation of methods is currently being pursued at an international level. Based on published data, this article describes age- and sex-specific Australian consensus reference intervals for adults for serum procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide (s-PINP) and serum β-isomerised carboxy-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (s-CTX).     

蒙古高原岩黄芪属植物的分支分类学研究

以蒙古高原岩黄芪属植物为对象, 应用徐克学的最大同步法, 探讨了蒙古高原岩黄芪属(豆科)植物的系统演化, 并根据分支分类结果对蒙古高原岩黄芪属进行了系统学处理。作者首次将蒙古高原岩黄芪属分为岩黄芪亚属、半灌木岩黄芪亚属(新拟)和无刺岩黄芪组、丛枝岩黄芪组、无茎岩黄芪组、半灌木岩黄芪组等4 个组。本文对蒙古高原岩黄芪组的划分符合苏联植物志(1945)中的观点。     

Naphtho[2,1-b][1,5] and [1,2-f][1,4]oxazocines as selective NK1 antagonists

Previously we reported on the synthesis and properties of a series of highly potent piperidinyl 2-subsituted-3-cyano-1-naphthamide NK1 antagonists that includes 3 and 4. Here we report our efforts to alleviate a troublesome atropisomeric property of those derivatives by introduction of a tethering bridge that, in addition, could be used to lock the resulting cyclic derivatives in a purported NK1 pharmacophore conformation. Using 3 as a starting point, the naphtho[2,1-b][1,5]oxazocine, 17, was found to contain the optimal ring tether size (8) for retaining NK1 activity, was more NK1 versus NK2 selective, and reduced the number of atropisomers from four to two. Cyclic derivatives 29 and 32, which exist as essentially single atropisomers in the purported pharmacophore conformation, were prepared in the closely related naphtho[1,2-f][1,4]oxazocine series as part of an effort to use mono methyl substitution of the tethering bridge as a conformation stabilizing factor. Both 29 and 32 were found to be less active as NK1 antagonists than the non-methylated parent 28 possibly due to methyl group destabilization of receptor interaction. We discuss the above findings in the context of a previously proposed NK1 pharmacophore model and present a further refinement of that model.     

不同施肥处理对‘赤霞珠’葡萄根际土壤养分和真菌群落的影响

【背景】宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄产区忽视有机肥的施用,果树枝条焚烧污染环境,造成土壤养分缺失,土壤质量下降。【目的】为解决长期施用化肥对土壤造成的一系列问题,通过大田试验研究施肥及喷施不同浓度菌剂对土壤理化性质、真菌群落组成及多样性的影响,为酿酒葡萄可持续健康发展提供科学依据。【方法】以‘赤霞珠’葡萄根际土壤为试验对象,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,测定并分析根际土壤理化性质、真菌群落组成和多样性在7个处理[常规施肥(CK)、蚯蚓粪+腐熟枝条+100倍菌剂(T1)、蚯蚓粪+腐熟枝条+200倍菌剂(T2)、蚯蚓粪+腐熟枝条+300倍菌剂(T3)、蚯蚓粪+未腐熟枝条+100倍菌剂(A1)、蚯蚓粪+未腐熟枝条+200倍菌剂(A2)和蚯蚓粪+未腐熟枝条+300倍菌剂(A3)]的变化。【结果】相较于CK,葡萄根际土壤理化性质差异明显,施肥处理增加了土壤有机质含量,土壤pH含量无明显变化,改良了土壤结构,活化了土壤有效养分。相较于CK,各处理真菌分类操作单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)数均降低,A2处理根际土壤丰富度及多样性均显著增加。真菌群落组成...     

豆科黄华属植物种子表面特征的研究

在扫描电镜下观察了豆科黄华属Thermopsis 18种植物种子的表面纹饰,发现 T．alpina,T.bar- bata,T．inflata,T．lupinoides,T. licentiana,T.smithiana和T．turkestanica的种子表面为粗网状,T californica,T.divaricarpa,T. macrophylla,T．mollis的种子表面为细网状,T.gracilis,T.montana,T. fabacea的种子表面为相对平滑型纹饰,T．alterniflora的种子表面为不规则条形,T．chinensis的种子表 面为粘膜状,T.rhombifolia的种子表面为条形及 T．viuosa的种子表面为碎屑状纹饰。结果表明黄华属的种子表面特征对属下类群的划分有一定意义,对澄清某些混乱的种有一定价值。     

H-FABP基因的多态性和营养因素对猪肉质的影响

遗传和营养因素都能影响猪肉的品质。但是, 到目前为止同时研究遗传和营养因素对肉质影响的报道很少。在本研究中, 136头PIC5系杂交猪, 体重65 kg, 被随机分成4组, 各组分别给予不同日粮。在饲养35 d、体重大约90 kg时统一屠宰并且进行肉质测定、H-FABP基因分型及其与肉质性状的关联分析。结果表明: (1)所采用的3种日粮对肉色、屠宰后24 h的pH、肌内脂肪和肌肉蛋白含量有极显著的影响; (2)H-FABP基因型对肌内脂肪和肌肉蛋白含量存在极显著的影响; (3)H-FABP基因多态性和营养因素的交互作用对pH 和肌内脂肪含量均有显著的影响, 对照组的AA基因型具有最高pH值, 高维生素E组的AA基因型具有最高肌内脂肪值。实验结果提示在关于猪肉质的育种和生产过程中应该同时考虑营养因素和遗传因素。     

Reporting of Quantitative Protein Electrophoresis in Australia and New Zealand: a Call for Standardisation

Background

The lack of guidelines on reporting standards for protein electrophoresis may have led to significant differences in reports from different laboratories.

Objective

To determine the extent of variation in reporting of protein electrophoresis results in Australia and New Zealand.

Method

Questionnaires were distributed to laboratories throughout Australia and New Zealand asking about protein electrophoresis practices and reporting.

Results

Extensive variation was found in the following reporting practices: (a) units for urine Bence Jones protein (BJP); (b) reporting absence of a paraprotein rather than a normal pattern; (c) numerical reporting of all protein fractions or only the paraprotein; (d) warning of possible inaccuracy in the serum immunoglobulin result of the paraprotein type; (e) co-migration of a paraprotein with a normal serum protein; (f) use of a confirmatory test when a known paraprotein is no longer detectable.

Conclusions

A working party should be established to make recommendations on the reporting of protein electrophoresis. Implementation of such recommendations should reduce both report variation between laboratories and the risk of misinterpretation of reports.     

Diet-induced obesity in rats leads to a decrease in sperm motility

Background  

Obesity is rapidly becoming a worldwide epidemic that affects children and adults. Some studies have shown a relationship between obesity and infertility, but until now it remains controversial. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-fat diet-induced obesity on male reproductive parameters.     

长爪沙鼠ATPase8,ATPase6,COX3基因的克隆及序列分析

目的对长爪沙鼠线粒体ATPase8,ATPase6,COX3基因全序列进行测定,并对其进行鉴定及进化分析。方法根据长爪沙鼠已知基因序列设计引物,采用PCR产物测序法,对目的片段进行测序鉴定。结合已公布啮齿类动物ATPase8,ATPase6,COX3基因序列,分析其碱基组成、遗传距离、并基于最小进化法和UPGMA法构建系统进化树。结果获得长爪沙鼠线粒体ATPase8,ATPase6,COX3基因全序列,其与家鼠、小家鼠和仓鼠均具有较高的同源性（76～98%）;进化分析结果显示,长爪沙鼠与家鼠、黑家鼠和仓鼠遗传距离较近;碱基G的含量分别为6.9%,10.7%,15.2%,符合mtDNA的特点;A＋T含量分别为68.2%,64.1%,59.2%,明显低于G＋C含量,符合哺乳动物的特点。结论本研究为首次获得长爪沙鼠ATPase8,ATPase6,COX3基因全序列,长爪沙鼠与家鼠、黑家鼠和仓鼠具有较近遗传距离,本研究为长爪沙鼠进化研究、线粒体的结构和功能研究奠定基础。