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281.
Shibata K Fukuwatari T Iguchi Y Kurata Y Sudo M Sasaki R 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2006,70(6):1331-1337
In order to find an alleviation method for the adverse effect of environmental endocrine disrupters, we studied the effects of the putative endocrine disrupter and peroxisome proliferator, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), on animal growth and vitamin metabolism. It is known that the effects of chemical compounds such as xenobiotics differ according to the dietary protein source. We compared the effects of dietary DEHP administration on rats fed with a diet containing milk casein or wheat gluten. The increased conversion ratio of tryptophan to nicotinamide by DEHP administration was significantly higher in the casein group than in the gluten group. We also investigated the effects of DEHP on the urinary excretion of other vitamins. DEHP administration resulted in decreased urinary excretion of vitamin B(1), vitamin B(2), and pantothenic acid. 相似文献
282.
Lin L Wakabayashi T Oikawa T Sato T Ogurusu T Shingai R 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2006,70(11):2754-2758
Upon presentation of two distinct chemoattractants such as sodium acetate and diacetyl simultaneously, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was preferentially attracted by one of these chemoattractants. We isolated two mutants having altered preference of chemotaxis behavior toward simultaneous presentation of sodium acetate and diacetyl. The chep-1(qr1) (CHEmosensory Preference) mutant preferred sodium acetate to diacetyl, while the chep-2(qr2) mutant preferred diacetyl to sodium acetate in simultaneous presentation of these chemoattractants. The chemotaxis behavior of chep-2(qr2) mutant in simultaneous presentation suggests a function of chep-2 gene products within the chemosensory informational integration pathway as well as in the chemosensory pathway. 相似文献
283.
Fujimoto A Shingai Y Nakamura M Maekawa T Sone Y Masuda T 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2010,20(24):7393-7396
The iron-ion catalyzed oxidation of the ethanol solution of rosmarinic acid, a potent antioxidant polyphenol of Lamiaceae (Labiatae) plants, afforded a highly tyrosinase-inhibitory active product. The structure of the active product in the oxidation product mixture was determined using extensive NMR spectroscopy to have a novel oxygen-containing seven-membered ring system. The formation mechanism of the unique ring structure from the catechol part of the rosmarinic acid was proposed. 相似文献
284.
Asahi Ito Takashi Ishida Hiroki Yano Atsushi Inagaki Susumu Suzuki Fumihiko Sato Hisashi Takino Fumiko Mori Masaki Ri Shigeru Kusumoto Hirokazu Komatsu Shinsuke Iida Hiroshi Inagaki Ryuzo Ueda 《Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII》2009,58(8):1195-1206
Purpose There are no suitable small animal models to evaluate human antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vivo, due to
species incompatibilities. Thus, the first aim of this study was to establish a human tumor-bearing mouse model in which human
immune cells can engraft and mediate ADCC, but where the endogenous mouse immune cells cannot mediate ADCC. The second aim
was to evaluate ADCC mediated in these humanized mice by the defucosylated anti-CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) monoclonal
antibody (mAb) which we have developed and which is now in phase I clinical trials.
Experimental design NOD/Shi-scid, IL-2Rγnull (NOG) mice were the recipients of human immune cells, and CCR4-expressing Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
(CTCL) cell lines were used as target tumors.
Results Humanized mice have been established using NOG mice. The chimeric defucosylated anti-CCR4 mAb KM2760 showed potent antitumor
activity mediated by robust ADCC in these humanized mice bearing the HL or CTCL cell lines. KM2760 significantly increased
the number of tumor-infiltrating CD56-positive NK cells which mediate ADCC, and reduced the number of tumor-infiltrating FOXP3-positive
regulatory T (Treg) cells in HL-bearing humanized mice.
Conclusions Anti-CCR4 mAb could be an ideal treatment modality for many different cancers, not only to directly kill CCR4-expressing tumor
cells, but also to overcome the suppressive effect of Treg cells on the host immune response to tumor cells. In addition,
using our humanized mice, we can perform the appropriate preclinical evaluation of many types of antibody based immunotherapy. 相似文献
285.
Hepatitis B virus of genotype B with or without recombination with genotype C over the precore region plus the core gene 总被引:45,自引:0,他引:45
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Sugauchi F Orito E Ichida T Kato H Sakugawa H Kakumu S Ishida T Chutaputti A Lai CL Ueda R Miyakawa Y Mizokami M 《Journal of virology》2002,76(12):5985-5992
The entire nucleotide sequences of 70 hepatitis B virus (HBV) isolates of genotype B (HBV/B), including 38 newly determined and 32 retrieved from the international DNA database (DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank), were compared phylogenetically. Two subgroups of HBV/B were identified based on sequence divergence in the precore region plus the core gene, one with the recombination with genotype C and the other without it. The analysis over the entire genome of HBV/B by the SimPlot program located the recombination with genotype C in the precore region plus the core gene spanning nucleotide positions from 1740 to 1838 to 2443 to 2485. Within this genomic area, HBV/B strains with the recombination had higher nucleotide and amino acid homology to genotype C than those without the recombination (96.9 versus 91.1% in nucleotides and 97.0 versus 92.9% in amino acids). There were 29 HBV/B strains without the recombination, and they were all recovered from carriers in Japan. The remaining 41 HBV/B isolates having the recombination with genotype C were from carriers in China (12 strains), Hong Kong (3 strains), Indonesia (4 strains), Japan (3 strains), Taiwan (4 strains), Thailand (3 strains), and Vietnam (12 strains). Due to the frequency of the distribution of HBV/B without the recombination (29 of 32 isolates, or 91%) and the fact that it was exclusive to Japan, it was provisionally classified into the Bj (j standing for Japan) subgroup, and HBV/B with the recombination was classified into the Ba (a for Asia) subgroup. Virological differences between HBV/Bj and HBV/Ba may be reflected in the severity of clinical disease in the patients infected with HBV of genotype B, which seems to be under strong geographic influences in Asia. 相似文献
286.
287.
Membrane alterations accompanying in vitro capacitation of hamster spermatozoa were examined using the freeze-fracture technique with or without use of filipin, a sterol-binding probe. In the spermatozoa prior to or at 10 min after start of incubation in capacitating medium, large (about 11 nm) and small (8–9 nm) intramembranous particles (IMPs) were present in the periacrosomal region of the sperm plasma membrane (PAPM). Filipin sterol complexes (FSCs) were densely (about 500/μ2) distributed in the PAPM prior to incubation. The density of FSCs in the PAPM was reduced by 70–80% of the original density by 2 hr of incubation. At the same time, small patches of IMP-free areas appeared in the plasma membrane above the equatorial and middle segments of the acrosome. By the end of 3 hr of incubation, the majority of small IMPs had disappeared from the PAPM. Remaining large and small IMPs tended to aggregate in the PAPM. During incubation in capacitation medium, “cords,” or linear arrangements of closely packed IMPs, appeared near the posterior ring of the sperm head. These observations strongly suggest that the acrosome reaction of the hamster spermatozoa is preceded by the removal (deletion) of filipin-reactive sterols (FRSs) and the disappearance of small IMPs from the lipid bilayer of PAPM. 相似文献
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