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471.
Ryohei Ogura Tadasu Matsuzaki Shuji Kumano Abdulwahid H. Daoud Clark A. Griffin John M. Knox 《International journal of biological macromolecules》1980,2(2):58-62
An analytical method for free deoxyribonucleotide (nucleoside monophosphate) in the epidermis is presented. Free nucleotides were extracted from tissue using a methylal ethanol mixture. The deoxyribonucleotides were separated using DEAE-cellulose and DBAE-cellulose. The analysis of free deoxyribonucleotides was carried out by high pressure liquid chromatography on a column of Lichrosorb-NH2 with a single buffer of potassium phosphate. The elution order of nucleotides was CMP, AMP, UMP, IMP, GMP, and XMP. This procedure employing high pressure liquid chromatography for the detection of deoxyribonucleotides in the epidermis makes it possible to elucidate the biological characteristics and significance of DNA metabolism in normal epidermis and changes that occur in pathological conditions. 相似文献
472.
Tetsuya Takasaki Shigehiro Namiki Ryohei Kanzaki 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2012,198(4):295-307
Odor source localization is an important animal behavior. Male moths locate mates by tracking sex pheromone emitted by conspecific
females. During this type of behavior, males exhibit a combination of upwind surge and zigzagging flight. Similarly, the male
walking moth Bombyx mori responds to transient pheromone exposure with a surge in movement, followed by sustained zigzagging walking. The initial
surge direction is known to be influenced by the pheromone input pattern. Here, we identified the sensory input patterns that
determine the initial walking direction of males. We first quantified the stimulus by measuring electroantennogram values,
which were used as a reference for subsequent tests. We used a brief stimulus pulse to examine the relationship between sensory
stimulus patterns and the turning direction of initial surge. We found that the difference in input timing and intensity between
left and right antennae affected the walking direction, indicating that B. mori integrate bilateral pheromone information during orientation behavior. When we tested pheromone stimulation for longer periods,
turning behavior was suppressed, which was induced by stimulus cessation. This study contributes toward understanding efficient
strategies for odor-source localization that is utilized by walking insects. 相似文献
473.
Mohammed Salah Saki Osuga Makiko Nakahana Yasuhiro Irino Masakazu Shinohara Yasuyuki Shimizu Naritoshi Mukumoto Hiroaki Akasaka Ai Nakaoka Daisuke Miyawaki Takeaki Ishihara Kenji Yoshida Yoshiaki Okamoto Ryohei Sasaki 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2020
Gastrointestinal toxicity is frequently observed secondary to accidental or therapeutic radiation exposure. However, the variation in the intestinal metabolites after abdominal radiation exposure remains ambiguous. In the present study, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 0, 2, and 20 Gy irradiation dose. The Head and chest of each mouse were covered with a lead shield before x-ray irradiation. 24 h post-irradiation treatment, intestinal tissue of each mouse was excised and prepared for metabolites measurement using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Our comprehensive analysis of metabolites in the intestinal tissues detected 44 metabolites after irradiation, including amino acids, carbohydrates, organic acids, and sugars. Amino acid levels in the intestinal tissue gradually rose, dependent on the radiation dose, perhaps as an indication of oxidative stress. Our findings raise the possibility that amino acid metabolism may be a potential target for the development of treatments to alleviate or mitigate the harmful effects of oxidative stress-related gastrointestinal toxicity due to radiation exposure. 相似文献
474.
Yuko Ogawa Yoshihiro Akimoto Mamoru Ikemoto Yoshikuni Goto Anna Ishikawa Sakura Ohta Yumi Takase Hayato Kawakami Masafumi Tsujimoto Ryohei Yanoshita 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2021
BackgroundExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have been isolated from various sources, including primary and cultured cell lines and body fluids. Previous studies, including those conducted in our laboratory, have reported the stability of EVs under various storage conditions.MethodsEVs from human whole saliva were separated via size-exclusion chromatography. To simulate the effects of gastric or intestinal fluids on the stability of EVs, pepsin or pancreatin was added to the samples. Additionally, to determine the effect of bile acids, sodium cholate was added. The samples were then subjected to western blotting, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. In addition, the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) IV retained in the samples was examined to monitor the stability of EVs.ResultsUnder acidic conditions, with pepsin mimicking the milieu of the stomach, the EVs remained stable. However, they partially lost their membrane integrity in the presence of pancreatin and sodium cholate, indicating that they may be destabilized after passing through the duodenum. Although several associated proteins, such as mucin 5B and CD9 were degraded, DPP IV was stable, and its activity was retained under the simulated gastrointestinal conditions.ConclusionOur data indicate that although EVs can pass through the stomach without undergoing significant damage, they may be disrupted in the intestine to release their contents. The consistent delivery of active components such as DPP IV from EVs into the intestine might play a role in the efficient modulation of homeostasis of the signal transduction pathways occurring in the gastrointestinal tract. 相似文献
475.
Satsuki Tsuji Naoki Shibata Ryutei Inui Ryohei Nakao Yoshihisa Akamatsu Katsutoshi Watanabe 《Molecular ecology resources》2023,23(5):1050-1065
Phylogeography is an integrative field of science linking micro- and macro-evolutionary processes, contributing to the inference of vicariance, dispersal, speciation, and other population-level processes. Phylogeographic surveys usually require considerable effort and time to obtain numerous samples from many geographical sites covering the distribution range of target species; this associated high cost limits their application. Recently, environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has been useful not only for detecting species but also for assessing genetic diversity; hence, there has been growing interest in its application to phylogeography. As the first step of eDNA-based phylogeography, we examined (1) data screening procedures suitable for phylogeography and (2) whether the results obtained from eDNA analysis accurately reflect known phylogeographic patterns. For these purposes, we performed quantitative eDNA metabarcoding using group-specific primer sets in five freshwater fish species belonging to two taxonomic groups from a total of 94 water samples collected from western Japan. As a result, three-step data screening based on the DNA copy number of each haplotype detected successfully eliminated suspected false positive haplotypes. Furthermore, eDNA analysis could almost perfectly reconstruct the phylogenetic and phylogeographic patterns obtained for all target species with the conventional method. Despite existing limitations and future challenges, eDNA-based phylogeography can significantly reduce survey time and effort and is applicable for simultaneous analysis of multiple species in single water samples. eDNA-based phylogeography has the potential to revolutionize phylogeography. 相似文献
476.
477.
Ryohei Terauchi 《BMC biology》2018,16(1):132
Ryohei Terauchi is a Professor at Kyoto University and a Group Leader at the Iwate Biotechnology Research Center, Japan, studying the evolution of crops and their pathogens. In this interview, Ryohei describes his research interests, how the revolution in sequencing technology helped improve our understanding of orphan crops, and who are the scientists that inspire him. 相似文献
478.
Kentarou Matsumura Ryohei Ito Takahisa Miyatake 《Ethology : formerly Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie》2019,125(3):127-132
The pace‐of‐life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis means that animal behavior is correlated with life history strategies. Studies have reported that the free‐running period of the circadian rhythm (length of the period) is correlated with life history strategies in some animals. Although the length of the circadian rhythm may be associated with the POLS hypothesis, few studies have investigated the relationships among animal behavior, life history traits, and circadian rhythm. We tested the POLS hypothesis in the assassin bug, Amphibolus venator, which shows individual variation in locomotor activity. We found higher repeatability of differences in locomotor activity between individuals. Moreover, we found a trade‐off between locomotor activity and developmental period such that active individuals developed faster. However, locomotor activity was not correlated with the length of the circadian rhythm in A. venator. Therefore, this study suggests that the length of the circadian rhythm in A. venator does not support the POLS hypothesis. 相似文献