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541.
M. Sethi V. Mohanty S. Mishra J. Dash S. Mahapatra D. Parida A.P. Mohapatra R. Mishra P. Prasad A. Parida S. Senapati 《Letters in applied microbiology》2022,74(4):577-585
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern worldwide. The gut microbiota harbours multiple antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) that contribute to the existing and future microbial population in a community or ecosystem. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of 35 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut microbiota of the tribal people of Nabarangpur, Odisha, India. A total of 83 faecal samples were collected from three different tribes (Bhatra, Gond, and Paraja). Total faecal DNA was extracted, and the simplex polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect selected ARGs. Further analysis was done to estimate the incidence of these ARGs across these tribes based on alcohol consumption habits. We identified a higher prevalence of tetracycline resistance genes (tetW, tetQ and tetM) in the gut microbiota among three populations. Furthermore, a significant (P = 0·024) difference in ARG prevalence against vancomycin in individuals with and without alcohol consumption habits was noticed. The overall distribution of ARGs among the three major tribes of this location was found to be very similar. Together, irrespective of the tribes, the people of this location have gut microbiota harbouring different kinds of ARGs and tetracycline-resistant genes are the most commonly found ARGs. 相似文献
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India contributes about 70% of malaria in the South East Asian Region of WHO. Although annually India reports about two million
cases and 1000 deaths attributable to malaria, there is an increasing trend in the proportion of Plasmodium falciparum as the agent. There exists heterogeneity and variability in the risk of malaria transmission between and within the states
of the country as many ecotypes/paradigms of malaria have been recognized. The pattern of clinical presentation of severe
malaria has also changed and while multi-organ failure is more frequently observed in falciparum malaria, there are reports
of vivax malaria presenting with severe manifestations. The high burden populations are ethnic tribes living in the forested
pockets of the states like Orissa, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and the North Eastern states which contribute bulk
of morbidity and mortality due to malaria in the country. Drug resistance, insecticide resistance, lack of knowledge of actual
disease burden along with new paradigms of malaria pose a challenge for malaria control in the country. Considering the existing
gaps in reported and estimated morbidity and mortality, need for estimation of true burden of malaria has been stressed. Administrative,
financial, technical and operational challenges faced by the national programme have been elucidated. Approaches and priorities
that may be helpful in tackling serious issues confronting malaria programme have been outlined. 相似文献
544.
R. Singh S. Lava Kumar S. K. Mishra A. Gurao S. K. Niranjan V. Vohra S. K. Dash C. Rajesh R. S. Kataria 《Animal genetics》2020,51(3):476-482
In this study, mitochondrial D-loop sequence data on riverine, swamp and hybrid buffaloes from India have been generated and compared with other reported Indian riverine, Chinese and Bangladeshi swamp buffalo populations. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of 132 haplotypes, with a haplotype diversity of 0.9611 ± 0.0045 and a nucleotide diversity of 0.04801 ± 0.00126. For the first time, the existence of riverine–swamp hybrids among the Indian Chilika buffalo population has been recorded, having 49 chromosomes, which was also confirmed by mitochondrial haplotype sharing between Chilika and Indian swamp as well as Chinese swamp buffalo populations in the network analysis. Phylogenetic analysis documents the sharing of reported pre-domestication haplogroups ‘SA1’, ‘SA2’, ‘SA3’ and ‘SB1’ between the Chilika and swamp buffalo populations of India, China and Bangladesh, an indication of the migration of swamp buffaloes towards Bangladesh and adjoining lower parts of India and north towards Chinese domestication sites. The results have also been supplemented by multidimension scaling, grouping Indian and Chinese swamp buffaloes more closely together with Bangladeshi buffaloes, but into a separate quadrant, whereas Chilika grouped away from other riverine as well as swamp buffaloes. These findings thus confirm the previous reports that the northeast region of India, close to the Indo-China border, is the point of evolution of swamp buffaloes with multiple sites of domestication. 相似文献
545.
Dash Sasmita Soni Goutam Patnaik Amalendu Liaskos Christos Pitsillides Andreas Akyildiz Ian F. 《Plasmonics (Norwell, Mass.)》2021,16(5):1855-1864
Plasmonics - Large-distance communications beyond a few meters is challenging for Terahertz (THz) signals because of high spreading loss and absorption in the media. The smart antenna concept used... 相似文献
546.
Self-assembling systems based on ionic complexes of DNA with block copolymer of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide with 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl methacrylate were studied as systems suitable for gene delivery. In this study, the influence of albumin and polyanion on parameters of the DNA polyelectrolyte complexes in aqueous solutions was investigated. Static and dynamic light-scattering methods were used as a main tool for characterizing these interactions. It was found that albumin is not able to release free DNA, but it can rather bind to the complexes forming ternary DNA-polycation-albumin complexes with increased hydrodynamic radii of about 10 nm. Polyanion tested, sodium poly(styrenesulfonate), was able to release free DNA in the presence of a low-molecular-weight electrolyte. In the absence of a low-molecular-weight electrolyte, only formation of ternary complexes and no DNA release was observed. The in vivo biodistribution analysis of DNA complexes showed no effect of the presence of hydrophilic nonionic poly(HPMA) on the circulatory time or organ distribution. The interaction of DNA complexes with albumin and other plasma proteins was suggested to be a major reason for the short circulatory times. 相似文献
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NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I, European Commission No. 1.6.5.3) is one of the respiratory complexes that generate the proton-motive force required for the synthesis of ATP in mitochondria. The catalytic mechanism of Complex I has not been well understood, due to the complicated structure of this enzyme. Here, we develop a kinetic model for Complex I that accounts for electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone through protein-bound prosthetic groups, which is coupled to the translocation of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The model is derived based on the tri-bi enzyme mechanism combined with a simple model of the conformational changes associated with proton transport. To study the catalytic mechanism, parameter values are estimated by analyzing kinetic data. The model is further validated by independent data sets from additional experiments, effectively explaining the effect of pH on enzyme activity. Results imply that matrix pH significantly affects the enzyme turnover processes. The overall kinetic analysis demonstrates a hybrid ping-pong rapid-equilibrium random bi-bi mechanism, consolidating the characteristics from previously reported kinetic mechanisms and data. 相似文献