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71.
Interactions of Photobleaching and Inorganic Nutrients in Determining Bacterial Growth on Colored Dissolved Organic Carbon 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Abstract Bacteria are key organisms in the processing of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in aquatic ecosystems. Their growth depends on both organic substrates and inorganic nutrients. The importance of allochthonous DOC, usually highly colored, as bacterial substrate can be modified by photobleaching. In this study, we examined how colored DOC (CDOC) photobleaching, and phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) availability, affect bacterial growth. Five experiments were conducted, manipulating nutrients (P and N) and sunlight exposure. In almost every case, nutrient additions had a significant, positive effect on bacterial abundance, production, and growth efficiency. Sunlight exposure (CDOC photobleaching) had a significant, positive effect on bacterial abundance and growth efficiency. We also found a significant, positive interaction between these two factors. Thus, bacterial use of CDOC was accelerated under sunlight exposure and enhanced P and N concentrations. In addition, the accumulation of cells in sunlight treatments was dependent on nutrient availability. More photobleached substrate was converted into bacterial cells in P- and N-enriched treatments. These results suggest nutrient availability may affect the biologically-mediated fate (new biomass vs respiration) of CDOC. 相似文献
72.
Josimari M DeSantana Kamilla ML da Cruz Kathleen A Sluka 《Arthritis research & therapy》2013,15(6):222
Animal models of disease states are valuable tools for developing new treatments and investigating underlying mechanisms. They should mimic the symptoms and pathology of the disease and importantly be predictive of effective treatments. Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic widespread pain with associated co-morbid symptoms that include fatigue, depression, anxiety and sleep dysfunction. In this review, we present different animal models that mimic the signs and symptoms of fibromyalgia. These models are induced by a wide variety of methods that include repeated muscle insults, depletion of biogenic amines, and stress. All potential models produce widespread and long-lasting hyperalgesia without overt peripheral tissue damage and thus mimic the clinical presentation of fibromyalgia. We describe the methods for induction of the model, pathophysiological mechanisms for each model, and treatment profiles. 相似文献
73.
M Ozkan SG Desai Y Zhang DM Stevenson J Beane EA White ML Guerinot LR Lynd 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2001,27(5):275-280
Characteristics of 13 newly isolated thermophilic, anaerobic, and cellulolytic strains were compared with previously described
strains of Clostridium thermocellum: ATCC 27405 and JW20 (ATCC 31549). Colony morphology, antibiotic sensitivity, fermentation end-products, and cellulose degradation
were documented. All 13 strains were sensitive to erythromycin (5 μg/ml) and chloramphenicol (25 μg/ml), and all strains but
one were sensitive to kanamycin (20 μg/ml). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using primers based on gene sequences
from C. thermocellum ATCC 27405 was successful for all 13 strains in the case of the hydrogenase gene and 11 strains in the case of phosphotransacetylase/acetate
kinase genes. Ten strains amplified a product of the expected size with primers developed to be specific for C. thermocellum 16SrRNA primers. Two of the 13 strains did not amplify any product with the PCR primers designed for the phosphotransacetylase/acetate
kinase and 16SrRNA primers. A MboI-like GATC- recognizing restriction activity was present in all of the five strains examined. The results of this study have
several positive implications with respect to future development of a transformation system for cellulolytic thermophiles.
Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2001) 27, 275–280.
Received 12 September 2000/ Accepted in revised form 20 November 2000 相似文献
74.
75.
N A Rodionova G N Rumiantseva N A Tiunova L I Martinovich L N Bakhtadze 《Biokhimii?a (Moscow, Russia)》1977,42(1):43-50
beta-Glucosidases from Geotrichum candidum 3C cellulase preparation were separated from C1 enzymes and beta-1,4-glucanases by means of DEAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography, gel filtration through P-150 Biogel and chromatography on CM-cellulose, and then were fractionated by isoelectric focusing using carrier ampholites with pH ranges 3-6 and 4-6. beta-Glucosidases with pI 3.8, 4.2, 4.6, 5.1, 5.6 and 6.2 were found in cellulase preparation from G. candidum 3C. Molecular weight of beta-glucosidases with pI 3.8, 4.2, 4.6 and 6.2, isolated under isoelectric focusing, were estimated by means of gel filtration through Sephadex G-200 to be 35000, 123000, 188000 and 223000 respectively. beta-Glucosidases with pI 3.8, 4.6, 5.6 and 6.2 hydrolyzed cellobiose and did not attack p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside; those with pI 4.2 and 5.6 hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside and plant glucoside, protodioscin, and did not split cellobiose. All the beta-glucosidases studied did not hydrolyze laminaribose, beta-D-methylsylopyranoside, alder O-methylglucuronoxylane, o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside and p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. beta-Cellobiase with pI 6.2 hydrolzed lactoses, cellobioses with pI 3.8 and pI 5.6 splited gentiobiose. beta-Glucosidase with pI 4.6 did not attack any substrate studied, except cellobiose. 相似文献
76.
Patch-clamp recording of charge movement, Ca(2+) current, and Ca(2+) transients in adult skeletal muscle fibers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
Intramembrane charge movement (Q), Ca(2+) conductance (G(m)) through the dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type Ca(2+) channel (DHPR) and intracellular Ca(2+) fluorescence (F) have been recorded simultaneously in flexor digitorum brevis muscle fibers of adult mice, using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. The voltage distribution of Q was fitted to a Boltzmann equation; the Q(max), V(1/2Q), and effective valence (z(Q)) values were 41 +/- 3.1 nC/&mgr;F, -17.6 +/- 0.7 mV, and 2.0 +/- 0.12, respectively. V(1/2G) and z(G) values were -0.3 +/- 0.06 mV and 5.6 +/- 0.34, respectively. Peak Ca(2+) transients did not change significantly after 30 min of recording. F was fit to a Boltzmann equation, and the values for V(F1/2) and z(F) were 6.2 +/- 0.04 mV and 2.4, respectively. F was adequately fit to the fourth power of Q. These results demonstrate that the patch-clamp technique is appropriate for recording Q, G(m), and intracellular [Ca(2+)] simultaneously in mature skeletal muscle fibers and that the voltage distribution of the changes in intracellular Ca(2+) can be predicted by a Hodgkin-Huxley model. 相似文献
77.
We present BioGraph, a data integration and data mining platform for the exploration and discovery of biomedical information.
The platform offers prioritizations of putative disease genes, supported by functional hypotheses. We show that BioGraph can
retrospectively confirm recently discovered disease genes and identify potential susceptibility genes, outperforming existing
technologies, without requiring prior domain knowledge. Additionally, BioGraph allows for generic biomedical applications
beyond gene discovery. BioGraph is accessible at . 相似文献
78.
S. V. Antonova N. G. Demina K. V. Lobanov T. A. Kuvaev A. S. Mironov A. A. Pushkov N. F. Rumiantseva B. V. Tyaglov R. S. Shakulov I. I. Malakhova V. D. Krasikov 《Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology》2016,52(7):714-721
Recently published data on the separation and quantification of natural nucleosides and some of their derivatives by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel have been summarized. The use of more than 20 mobile systems for the separation of more than 52 nucleosides and derivatives was discussed; in a few cases, the conditions for their densitometry quantitative analysis after TLC separation were considered. The works performed at GosNIIgenetika on the determination of inosine, thymidine, and acadesine with domestic Sorbfil plates were reviewed in detail. 相似文献
79.
Loss of meiosis in Aspergillus 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
If strictly mitotic asexual fungi lack recombination, the conventional view
predicts that they are recent derivatives from older meiotic lineages. We
tested this by inferring phylogenetic relationships among closely related
meiotic and strictly mitotic taxa with Aspergillus conidial (mitotic)
states. Phylogenies were constructed by using DNA sequences from the
mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit, the nuclear ribosomal internal
transcribed spacers, and the nuclear 5.8S ribosomal gene. Over 920 bp of
sequence was analyzed for each taxon. Phylogenetic analysis of both the
mitochondrial and nuclear data sets showed at least four clades that
possess both meiotic and strictly mitotic taxa. These results support the
hypothesis that strictly mitotic lineages arise frequently from more
ancient meiotic lineages with Aspergillus conidial states. Many of the
strictly mitotic species examined retained characters that may be vestiges
of a meiotic state, including the production of sclerotia, sclerotium-like
structures, and hulle cells.
相似文献
80.