湖北新资源植物—神农香菊的地理分布、生态习性与蕴藏量的调查研究

神农香菊(Dendranthema indicum (L.) Des Monl. var. aromaticum Q. H. Liu et S. F. Zhang, var. nov.)是我所多年来通过调查,在鄂西神农架首先发现的一种新的资源植物。这种植物与野菊[D. indicum (L.) Des Monl.]很近似,其主要区别在于神农香菊的花、叶具有浓郁的特殊香气。经化学初步分析和药理试验结果表明,本植物含α—侧柏酮、β—侧柏酮、龙脑等萜类化合物成分,并无剧毒性及致癌因素反应。可广泛应用于化工、饮料和医药等方面的原料,是一种很有经济价值的香料和药用的植物资源。本文着重阐述和讨论了本植物的地理分布,习性生境、自然繁殖概况及蕴藏量。并提出进一步开发利用神农架山区植物资源,合理利用和发展神农香菊生产等方面的途径和科学依据。     

细菌漆酶的生物信息学分析

漆酶是一种含铜的多酚氧化酶。本研究利用生物信息学分析工具对细菌的漆酶蛋白序列的基本性质、保守结构域、系统发育树以及结构等进行了分析。所分析细菌主要分布在变形菌门、放线菌和厚壁菌门。细菌漆酶的物理化学性质相似,但不同细菌来源的漆酶之间序列相似性较低,但其仍然具有容易识别的保守结构域特征。二级结构及三级结构具有明显的相似性。细菌漆酶的生物信息分析为其功能研究及在其他微生物中研究该类酶提供了基础。     

SRSF5 functions as a novel oncogenic splicing factor and is upregulated by oncogene SRSF3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Alternative splicing of precursor messenger RNA has been increasingly associated with tumorigenesis. The serine/arginine-rich protein (SR) family plays key roles in the regulation of pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the SR protein family is involved in tumorigenesis. However, the functions and mechanisms of SR proteins in tumourigenesis remain largely unknown. In the present study, we discovered that serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 5 (SRSF5) is a novel oncogenic splicing factor that is overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues and cells, being crucial for OSCC cell proliferation and tumor formation. Overexpression of SRSF5 transformed immortal rodent fibroblasts to form tumors in nude mice, while downregulation of SRSF5 in oral squamous cell lines retarded cell growth, cell cycle progression, and tumor growth. The expression of SRSF5 is controlled by an autoregulation mechanism. Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 (SRSF3) has been identified as an oncogene. We found that SRSF5 is a novel target of SRSF3. SRSF3 impairs the autoregulation of SRSF5 and promotes SRSF5 overexpression in cancer cells. Altogether, the present study demonstrated that SRSF5 is a novel oncogene that is upregulated by SRSF3 in OSCC cells.     

Toward a high resolution 2-DE profile of the normal human liver proteome using ultra-zoom gels

The human liver is the largest organ in the body and has many important physiological functions. A global analysis of human liver proteins is essential for a better understanding of the molecular basis of the normal functions of the liver and of its diseases. As part of the Human Liver Proteome Project (HLPP), the goal of the present study was to visualize and detect as many proteins as possible in normal human livers using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). We have constructed a reference map of the proteins of human normal liver that can be used for the comprehensive analysis of the human liver proteome and other related research. To improve the resolution and enhance the detection of low abundance proteins, we developed and optimized narrow pH range ultra-zoom 2-DE gels. High resolution patterns of human liver in pH gradients 4.5–5.5, 5–6, 5.5–6.7, 6–9 and 6–11 are presented. To improve the poor resolution in the alkaline pH range of 2-DE gels, we optimized the isoelectric focusing protocol by including sample application using cup loading at the anode and incorporating 1.2% hydroxyethyl disulfide, 15% 2-propanol and 5% glycerol in the rehydration buffer. Using the optimized protocol, we obtained reproducibly better resolution in both analytical and preparative 2-DE gels. Compared with the 2386 and 1878 protein spots resolved in the wide range 3–10 and 4–7 pH gradients respectively, we obtained 5481 protein spots from the multiple (overlapping) narrow pH range ultra-zoom gels in the range of pH 4.5–9. The visualized reference map of normal human liver proteins presented in this paper will be valuable for comparative proteomic research of the liver proteome.     

Bst DNA聚合酶大片段在全基因组扩增中的应用

Bst DNA聚合酶大片段作为一种常用的DNA聚合酶,因其独特的特点:能引发链置换反应、高保真、耐高温等,而成为一种重要的DNA多重置换扩增酶。目的:为减少成本,设计一种高产,方便且扩增活性高的Bst DNA聚合酶大片段表达体系;探究该酶应用于胃癌石蜡包埋组织基因组DNA的扩增条件。方法:采用p TWIN1质粒作为载体克隆表达Bst DNA聚合酶大片段,应用几丁质亲和层析柱纯化该酶,使用该酶对人类基因组DNA进行不同温度下扩增,探究其最适反应温度,并据此对胃癌石蜡包埋组织基因组DNA进行扩增。结果:由此得到的Bst DNA聚合酶大片段能运用于胃癌石蜡包埋组织基因组DNA的扩增,扩增效率可达200倍,并能应用于a CGH芯片。结论:扩增得到保真性高,覆盖基因组范围大的DNA扩增产物。该应用与a CGH结合,使得对少量的癌症石蜡包埋组织DNA样本进行全基因组扩增,并进行其基因拷贝数变异研究成为可能。     

Single-cell landscape of the ecosystem in early-relapse hepatocellular carcinoma

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微囊藻毒素生物治理技术研究进展*

近年来,随着全球气候变暖和水体富营养化程度加深,蓝藻水华频繁暴发。微囊藻毒素是有害蓝藻产生及释放的危害最大的一类蓝藻毒素,对生态环境和公众健康造成了严重的威胁。因此,寻求有效的微囊藻毒素降解方法已成为全球科学领域的研究热点。针对微囊藻毒素生物治理技术展开综述,阐述了微囊藻毒素的产生、理化性质及生物毒性,总结了微生物、水生植物、浮游动物等自然生物降解微囊藻毒素的能力。在此基础上概述了生物滤池、人工湿地、生态浮床、膜生物膜反应器等生物治理技术对微囊藻毒素的去除效果,分析了现有微囊藻毒素生物处理方法的优势和局限性,并对今后的研究方向提出展望,为解决水环境中微囊藻毒素的污染问题提供思路。