全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9128篇 |
免费 | 793篇 |
国内免费 | 1199篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 38篇 |
2023年 | 210篇 |
2022年 | 435篇 |
2021年 | 654篇 |
2020年 | 444篇 |
2019年 | 551篇 |
2018年 | 493篇 |
2017年 | 366篇 |
2016年 | 462篇 |
2015年 | 637篇 |
2014年 | 797篇 |
2013年 | 758篇 |
2012年 | 859篇 |
2011年 | 749篇 |
2010年 | 492篇 |
2009年 | 436篇 |
2008年 | 461篇 |
2007年 | 374篇 |
2006年 | 306篇 |
2005年 | 290篇 |
2004年 | 226篇 |
2003年 | 234篇 |
2002年 | 185篇 |
2001年 | 108篇 |
2000年 | 65篇 |
1999年 | 78篇 |
1998年 | 77篇 |
1997年 | 56篇 |
1996年 | 51篇 |
1995年 | 29篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 34篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
1950年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Opines, in particular nopaline and octopine, are specific compounds found in crown gall tumor tissues induced by infections with Agrobacterium species, and are synthesized by well-studied NAD(P)H-dependent dehydrogenases (synthases), which catalyze the reductive condensation of α-ketoglutarate or pyruvate with L-arginine. The corresponding genes are transferred into plant cells via a tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid. In addition to the reverse oxidative reaction(s), the genes noxB-noxA and ooxB-ooxA are considered to be involved in opine catabolism as (membrane-associated) oxidases; however, their properties have not yet been elucidated in detail due to the difficulties associated with purification (and preservation). We herein successfully expressed Nox/Oox-like genes from Pseudomonas putida in P. putida cells. The purified protein consisted of different α-, β-, and γ-subunits encoded by the OdhA, OdhB, and OdhC genes, which were arranged in tandem on the chromosome (OdhB-C-A), and exhibited dehydrogenase (but not oxidase) activity toward nopaline in the presence of artificial electron acceptors such as 2,6-dichloroindophenol. The enzyme contained FAD, FMN, and [2Fe-2S]-iron sulfur as prosthetic groups. On the other hand, the gene cluster from Bradyrhizobium japonicum consisted of OdhB
1
-C-A-B
2, from which two proteins, OdhAB1C and OdhAB2C, appeared through the assembly of each β-subunit together with common α- and γ-subunits. A poor phylogenetic relationship was detected between OdhB1 and OdhB2 in spite of them both functioning as octopine dehydrogenases, which provided clear evidence for the acquisition of novel functions by “subunit-exchange”. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to have examined flavin-containing opine dehydrogenase. 相似文献
16.
Yan Yongshan Fen Shang Liu Lianrui 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1987,74(1):147-153
Summary A 8.3 /ml 6-thioguanine (6TG)-resistant strain was isolated from a rat tetraploid cell line by step-by-step selection in 6TG-medium. In the 6TG-resistant cell population 51% of the cells were tetraploid and 35% of the cells were hypertetraploid, i.e., one chromosome more than a tetraploid. The 6TG-resistant strain grew very well in RPMI 1640 medium with intervals of three days between subcultures. The 6TG-resistant cells all have a homogeneously staining region (HSRs) in one of the X chromosomes which do not stain after chromosome C-banding. They also possess a higher NORs activity and much lower frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). When the 6TG-resistant RCT cells were subcultured in 6TG-free medium for three days, their SCE frequency did not change. 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) significantly suppressed the NORs activity for both 6TG-resistant cells and 6TG-sensitive cells (P<0.001).Abbreviations 6TG
6-thioguanine
- HSRs
homogeneously staining region
- NORs
nucleolar organizer region
- SCE
sister chromatid exchange
- BrdU
5-bromodeoxyuridine
- HPRT
Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase 相似文献
17.
X. M. Shang H. T. Nguyen R. C. Jackson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1989,77(1):84-94
Summary Heterochromatin differentiation, including band size, sites, and Giemsa staining intensity, was analyzed by the HKG (HCl-KOH-Giemsa) banding technique in the A genomes of 21 diploid (Triticum urartu, T. boeoticum and T. monococcum), 13 tetraploid (T. araraticum, T. timopheevi, T. dicoccoides and T. turgidum var. Dicoccon, Polonicum), and 7 cultivars of hexaploid (T. aestivum) wheats from different germplasm collections. Among wild and cultivated diploid taxa, heterochromatin was located mainly at centromeric regions, but the size and staining intensity were distinct and some accessions' genomes had interstitial and telomeric bands. Among wild and cultivated polyploid wheats, heterochromatin exhibited bifurcated differentiation. Heterochromatinization occurred in chromosomes 4At and 7At and in smaller amounts in 2At, 3At, 5At, and 6At within the genomes of the tetraploid Timopheevi group (T. araraticum, and T. timopheevi) and vice versa within those of the Emmer group (T. dicoccoides and T. turgidum). Similar divergence patterns occurred among chromosome 4Aa and 7Aa of cultivars of hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum). These dynamic processes could be related to geographic distribution and to natural and artifical selection. Comparison of the A genomes of diploid wheats with those of polyploid wheats shows that the A genomes in existing diploid wheats could not be the direct donors of those in polyploid wheats, but that the extant taxa of diploids and polyploids probably have a common origin and share a common A-genomelike ancestor.Contribution of the College of Agricultural Sciences, Texas Tech Univ. Journal No. T-4-233. 相似文献
18.
19.
马铃薯Y病毒外壳蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文报道应用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术,在体外扩增马铃薯 Y 病毒外壳蛋白基因及其克隆和序列分析的结果。病毒 RNA 从马铃薯 Y 病毒感染的烟草叶片中提取,用合成的PCR 3引物及 AMV 逆转录酶合成了单链的 cDNA。利用 PCR 技术,经30个循玎的扩增。得到了一特异的0.8kb 片段。克隆后对此片段进行了限制性内切酶物理图谱分析,并测定了其全序列。实验结果证明,我们克隆到的是完整的马铃薯 Y 病毒的外壳蛋白基因。与国外报道的马铃薯 Y 病毒 N 株相比,其核苷酸序列及推测的氨基酸序列的同源率分别为97.8%和97%。将该基因导入马铃薯以期获得抗 Y 病毒马铃薯的工作正在进行。本文还对 PCR 技术用于扩增植物 RNA 病毒的方法以及用基因工程方法培育抗病毒作物新品种的可行性等进行了讨论。 相似文献
20.
The hydrophobic membrane-spanning sequences of the gp52 glycoprotein are required for the pathogenicity of Friend spleen focus-forming virus. 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of virology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Friend spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) codes for a transport-defective envelope glycoprotein designated gp52, which is responsible for the leukemogenic properties of the virus. gp52 is a monotopic integral membrane protein anchored in the membrane by a stretch of hydrophobic amino acid residues located near the carboxy terminus of the molecule. We have constructed a mutant SFFV envelope gene in which the sequences that code for the hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain have been deleted, and we expressed this gene by using recombinant vaccinia virus vectors or retroviral vectors. The mutant SFFV envelope gene was found to encode a truncated glycoprotein (gp52t) which was also transport defective; a majority of gp52t remained cell associated, while a small proportion of the molecules underwent oligosaccharide processing. The processed form of gp52t was secreted from the cells. Retroviral vectors carrying the mutant SFFV envelope gene were found to be nonpathogenic in adult mice. These results indicate that the hydrophobic membrane-spanning region of gp52 is required for pathogenicity of SFFV and suggest that these sequences may play a role in signal transduction. The results also indicate that the transport defect of SFFV gp52 is due to structural features of the ectodomain of the molecule. 相似文献