宁夏兽类一属、种新纪录——淡灰豹鼩（Pantherina griselda Thomas，1912）

正淡灰豹鼩(Pantherina griselda)隶属于鼩形目(Soricomorpha)鼩鼱亚科(Soricinae)豹鼩属(Pantherina),其模式产地为中国甘肃省临潭县(Thomas,1912)。由于淡灰豹鼩整体形态与黑齿鼩鼱属(Blarinella)中的原甘肃川鼩(B.griselda)相似,且二者同域分布,曾被记录为黑齿鼩鼱属中的一个隐存种Blarinella sp.(Bannikova et al.,2017);He等     

马铃薯甲虫结节性硬化复合物基因LdTSC1和LdTSC2基因的克隆及功能分析

【目的】通过RNAi技术明确马铃薯甲虫TOR上游的关键信号集成节点及类胰岛素信号通道下游基因结节性硬化复合物TSC1和TSC2的功能。旨在为探明马铃薯甲虫类胰岛素信号转导提供更多理论支持。【方法】在NCBI(美国国家生物技术信息中心)获取马铃薯甲虫LdTSC1/2序列,分别利用多重序列比对和系统发育分析确定该基因的完整性和系统发育关系;采用喂食幼虫dsRNA的方法,观察该基因的调低对马铃薯甲虫幼虫生长发育、糖脂代谢的影响。【结果】克隆得到马铃薯甲虫TSC1编码蛋白的氨基酸序列与鞘翅目白蜡窄吉丁直系同源蛋白的氨基酸序列的自展一致度为100%,聚为一支;TSC2编码蛋白的氨基酸序列与鞘翅目白蜡窄吉丁和赤拟谷盗的同源蛋白氨基酸序列的自展一致度为100%,聚为一支。通过分别喂食2龄幼虫LdTSC1/2的dsRNA能有效降低靶标基因的表达量,幼虫出现体重减轻,化蛹率和羽化率显著下降,葡萄糖的吸收转化效率降低,海藻糖含量升高和甘油三酯均减少。【结论】下调2龄幼虫LdTSC1/2的表达量,导致试虫出现抑制了糖脂代谢、脂肪体减少、体重减轻以及发育延迟;结果表明LdTSC1/2调控了马铃薯甲虫幼虫的糖脂代谢过程,显著影响幼虫化蛹和蜕皮过程。     

Understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of diabetic tendinopathy

There is accumulating evidence of an increased incidence of tendon disorders in people with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic tendinopathy is an important cause of chronic pain, restricted activity, and even tendon rupture in individuals. Tenocytes and tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs) are the dominant cellular components associated with tendon homeostasis, maintenance, remodeling, and repair. Some previous studies have shown alterations in tenocytes and TSPCs in high glucose or diabetic conditions that might cause structural and functional variations in diabetic tendons and even accelerate the development and progression of diabetic tendinopathy. In this review, the biomechanical properties and histopathological changes in diabetic tendons are described. Then, the cellular and molecular alterations in both tenocytes and TSPCs are summarized, and the underlying mechanisms involved are also analyzed. A better understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular pathogenesis of diabetic tendinopathy would provide new insight for the exploration and development of effective therapeutics.     

Acknowledging uncertainty in evolutionary reconstructions of ecological niches

Reconstructing ecological niche evolution can provide insight into the biogeography and diversification of evolving lineages. However, comparative phylogenetic methods may infer the history of ecological niche evolution inaccurately because (a) species' niches are often poorly characterized; and (b) phylogenetic comparative methods rely on niche summary statistics rather than full estimates of species' environmental tolerances. Here, we propose a new framework for coding ecological niches and reconstructing their evolution that explicitly acknowledges and incorporates the uncertainty introduced by incomplete niche characterization. Then, we modify existing ancestral state inference methods to leverage full estimates of environmental tolerances. We provide a worked empirical example of our method, investigating ecological niche evolution in the New World orioles (Aves: Passeriformes: Icterus spp.). Temperature and precipitation tolerances were generally broad and conserved among orioles, with niche reduction and specialization limited to a few terminal branches. Tools for performing these reconstructions are available in a new R package called nichevol.     

基于焦磷酸测序技术建立基因编辑水稻检测方法

基因编辑技术发展迅速,但对应的检测方法较少。为寻找创建基因编辑作物适用的检测方法,以 PL3 基因编辑水稻编辑位点为靶标,有效设计了焦磷酸测序的扩增引物及测序引物,并进行有效性检测,分别利用Sequence to Analyze等程序以及SNP和AQ两种模式完成了对PL3 基因的定性和定量检测试验,建立了 PL3 基因编辑水稻编辑位点焦磷酸测序检测方法。结果表明,基于焦磷酸测序技术可以通过检测编辑位点从而将基因编辑型水稻与野生型水稻进行区分。与常规的转基因检测方法相比,该检测方法具有较好的准确性、高效性及高灵敏度等优点,在基因编辑型水稻编辑位点定性和定量检测分析方面具有很好的应用前景。     

LncRNA AWPPH as a prognostic predictor in human cancers in Chinese population: evidence from meta-analysis

Background: Long non-coding RNA associated with poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (AWPPH) is dysregulated in a variety of human cancers. However, the prognostic value of AWPPH in various cancers remains unclear.Methods: Comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wangfang databases, and eligible studies were obtained according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were applied to assess the clinical value of AWPPH expression for overall survival (OS) and clinicopathological features.Results: A total of 19 articles including 1699 cancer patients were included in the study. The pooled results demonstrated that evaluated AWPPH expression was positively related to a poorer overall survival of patients with cancers (HR = 1.79, 95%CI: 1.44–2.14, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that tumor type and sample size affect the predictive value of AWPPH on OS, whereas cut-off value and HR estimation method have no impact on it. In addition, the pooled data also showed that AWPPH was positively linked to advanced TNM stage (OR = 2.50, 95%CI: 1.94–3.22, P<0.001), bigger tumor size (OR = 2.64, 95%CI: 1.47–4.73, P=0.001), macro-vascular invasion (OR = 2.08, 95%CI: 1.04–4.16, P=0.04) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.68, 95%CI: 1.82–3.96, P<0.001). Moreover, the results of the trim and fill analysis confirmed the reliability of our finding.Conclusions: Up-regulation of AWPPH was associated with advanced TNM stage, bigger tumor size, worse lymph node metastasis, macro-vascular invasion and shorter overall survival, suggesting that AWPPH may serve as a biomarker for prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics in human cancers among the Chinese population.     

S-adenosylmethionine induces mitochondrial dysfunction,permeability transition pore opening and redox imbalance in subcellular preparations of rat liver

Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes - S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) predominantly accumulates in tissues and biological fluids of patients affected by liver dysmethylating diseases,...     

Gibberellin reverses the negative effect of paclobutrazol but not of chlorocholine chloride on the expression of SGs/GAs biosynthesis-related genes and increases the levels of relevant metabolites in Stevia rebaudiana

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) - Steviol glycosides (SGs) and gibberellins (GAs) share the same molecular basis. However, the coordination of their respective biosynthetic pathways is...